UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
QUARTERLY REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Quarterly Period Ended: MARCH 31, 2004
Commission File Number: 0-10306
INDEPENDENCE HOLDING COMPANY
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware |
58-1407235 |
|
(State of Incorporation) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
96 CUMMINGS POINT ROAD, STAMFORD, CONNECTICUT 06902
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (203)358-8000
NOT APPLICABLE
Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes X. No _
Indicate by check mark whether registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes __. No. X_.
7,799,221 SHARES OF COMMON STOCK, $1.00 PAR VALUE
Common stock outstanding as of May 12, 2004
INDEPENDENCE HOLDING COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
INDEX
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
PAGE |
||||
No. |
|||||
Item 1. Financial Statements |
|||||
Consolidated Balance Sheets - |
|||||
March 31, 2004 (unaudited) and December 31, 2003 |
3 |
||||
Consolidated Statements of Operations - |
|||||
Three Months Ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 (unaudited) |
4 |
||||
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - |
|||||
Three Months Ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 (unaudited) |
5 |
||||
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) |
6 |
||||
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition |
10 |
||||
and Results of Operations |
|||||
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk |
16 |
||||
Item 4. Controls and Procedures |
16 |
||||
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION |
|||||
Item 1. Legal Proceedings |
18 |
||||
Item 2. Changes in Securities, Use of Proceeds and Issuer Purchases |
18 |
||||
of Equity Securities |
|||||
Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities |
18 |
||||
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders |
18 |
||||
Item 5. Other Information |
18 |
||||
Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K |
18 |
||||
Signatures |
19 |
||||
INDEPENDENCE HOLDING COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share data)
March 31, |
December 31, |
|||||||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||||||||
(Unaudited) |
||||||||||||||
ASSETS: |
||||||||||||||
Investments: |
||||||||||||||
Short-term investments |
$ |
8,771 |
$ |
8,640 |
||||||||||
Securities purchased under agreements to resell |
15,051 |
26,549 |
||||||||||||
Fixed maturities |
620,615 |
490,311 |
||||||||||||
Equity securities |
17,780 |
21,403 |
||||||||||||
Other investments |
46,901 |
46,500 |
||||||||||||
Total investments |
709,118 |
593,403 |
||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
2,598 |
60,547 |
||||||||||||
Due from brokers |
31,624 |
17,542 |
||||||||||||
Investment in American Independence Corp. ("AMIC") |
28,222 |
27,345 |
||||||||||||
Deferred acquisition costs |
32,295 |
33,113 |
||||||||||||
Due and unpaid premiums |
5,859 |
6,210 |
||||||||||||
Due from reinsurers |
128,359 |
128,418 |
||||||||||||
Notes and other receivables |
10,024 |
13,882 |
||||||||||||
Other assets |
21,556 |
17,842 |
||||||||||||
TOTAL ASSETS |
$ |
969,655 |
$ |
898,302 |
||||||||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY: |
||||||||||||||
LIABILITIES: |
||||||||||||||
Insurance policy benefits |
$ |
336,873 |
$ |
334,468 |
||||||||||
Funds on deposit |
284,488 |
281,837 |
||||||||||||
Unearned premiums |
18,222 |
16,491 |
||||||||||||
Policy claims |
8,102 |
7,634 |
||||||||||||
Other policyholders' funds |
6,692 |
6,539 |
||||||||||||
Due to brokers |
64,772 |
20,773 |
||||||||||||
Due to reinsurers |
10,373 |
5,889 |
||||||||||||
Accounts payable, accruals and other liabilities |
24,747 |
20,593 |
||||||||||||
Debt |
12,500 |
12,500 |
||||||||||||
Junior subordinated debt securities |
22,682 |
22,682 |
||||||||||||
TOTAL LIABILITIES |
789,451 |
729,406 |
||||||||||||
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY: |
||||||||||||||
Preferred stock (none issued) |
- |
- |
||||||||||||
Common stock, 7,738,471 and 7,724,588 shares |
||||||||||||||
issued and outstanding, net of 2,060,068 shares in |
||||||||||||||
treasury |
7,738 |
7,725 |
||||||||||||
Paid-in capital |
75,913 |
75,579 |
||||||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income |
6,108 |
647 |
||||||||||||
Retained earnings |
90,445 |
84,945 |
||||||||||||
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY |
180,204 |
168,896 |
||||||||||||
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND |
||||||||||||||
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY |
$ |
969,655 |
$ |
898,302 |
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
INDEPENDENCE HOLDING COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands, except per share data)
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31,
2004 |
2003 |
||||||
(Unaudited) |
|||||||
REVENUES |
|||||||
Premiums earned |
$ |
40,337 |
$ |
33,871 |
|||
Net investment income |
9,983 |
8,410 |
|||||
Net realized and unrealized gains |
895 |
340 |
|||||
Equity income on AMIC |
621 |
401 |
|||||
Other income (expense) |
596 |
(532) |
|||||
52,432 |
42,490 |
||||||
EXPENSES |
|||||||
Insurance benefits, claims and reserves |
29,931 |
23,070 |
|||||
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs |
1,379 |
1,676 |
|||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses |
12,117 |
10,724 |
|||||
Interest expense on debt |
560 |
100 |
|||||
43,987 |
35,570 |
||||||
Income before income taxes |
8,445 |
6,920 |
|||||
Income tax expense |
2,945 |
2,483 |
|||||
NET INCOME |
$ |
5,500 |
$ |
4,437 |
|||
Basic income per common share |
$ |
.71 |
$ |
.57 |
|||
WEIGHTED AVERAGE BASIC COMMON |
|||||||
SHARES |
7,737 |
7,816 |
|||||
Diluted income per common share |
$ |
.69 |
$ |
.56 |
|||
WEIGHTED AVERAGE DILUTED COMMON |
|||||||
SHARES |
7,967 |
7,956 |
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
INDEPENDENCE HOLDING COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (In thousands)
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31,
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
||||||||||||||||
(Unaudited) |
|||||||||||||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES |
|||||||||||||||||||
Net income |
$ |
5,500 |
$ |
4,437 |
|||||||||||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash |
|||||||||||||||||||
provided by operating activities: |
|||||||||||||||||||
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |
1,379 |
1,676 |
|||||||||||||||||
Net realized gains on investments |
(895) |
(340) |
|||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
201 |
184 |
|||||||||||||||||
Deferred tax expense (benefit) |
6 |
(157) |
|||||||||||||||||
Other |
(574) |
(568) |
|||||||||||||||||
Changes in assets and liabilities: |
|||||||||||||||||||
Change in insurance liabilities |
2,152 |
6,344 |
|||||||||||||||||
Additions to deferred acquisition costs |
(1,967) |
(1,620) |
|||||||||||||||||
Change in net amounts due from and to reinsurers |
4,543 |
876 |
|||||||||||||||||
Change in income tax liability |
1,449 |
(1,426) |
|||||||||||||||||
Change in due and unpaid premiums |
351 |
(174) |
|||||||||||||||||
Other |
(3,689) |
(2,765) |
|||||||||||||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
8,456 |
6,467 |
|||||||||||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES |
|||||||||||||||||||
Change in net amount due from and to brokers |
29,917 |
4,900 |
|||||||||||||||||
Net purchases of short-term investments |
(123) |
(354) |
|||||||||||||||||
Net sales of securities under resale agreements |
11,498 |
7,349 |
|||||||||||||||||
Sales and maturities of fixed maturities |
399,065 |
399,743 |
|||||||||||||||||
Purchases of fixed maturities |
(518,784) |
(425,137) |
|||||||||||||||||
Sales of equity securities |
8,366 |
3,638 |
|||||||||||||||||
Purchases of equity securities |
(4,716) |
(5,918) |
|||||||||||||||||
Sales of other investments |
1,805 |
10,526 |
|||||||||||||||||
Additional investments in other investments, net |
|||||||||||||||||||
of distributions |
(2,424) |
(5,413) |
|||||||||||||||||
Net change in notes receivable |
5,110 |
430 |
|||||||||||||||||
Other |
(1,137) |
312 |
|||||||||||||||||
Net cash used by investing activities |
(71,423) |
(9,924) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
|||||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from issuance of debt |
- |
10,000 |
|||||||||||||||||
Repayment of debt |
- |
(1,875) |
|||||||||||||||||
Net deposits from investment-type insurance contracts |
5,255 |
1,235 |
|||||||||||||||||
Exercise of common stock options |
149 |
1,996 |
|||||||||||||||||
Repurchase of common stock |
- |
(2,666) |
|||||||||||||||||
Dividends paid |
(386) |
(387) |
|||||||||||||||||
Net cash provided by financing activities |
5,018 |
8,303 |
|||||||||||||||||
(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents |
(57,949) |
4,846 |
|||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year |
60,547 |
13,292 |
|||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period |
$ |
2,598 |
$ |
18,138 |
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
INDEPENDENCE HOLDING COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
Note 1. Significant Accounting Policies and Practices
(A) Business and Organization
Independence Holding Company ("IHC") is a holding company principally engaged in the life and health insurance business through its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Standard Security Life Insurance Company of New York ("Standard Life") and Madison National Life Insurance Company, Inc. ("Madison Life") and their subsidiaries (collectively, the "Insurance Group") and a 39% equity interest in the common stock of American Independence Corp. ("AMIC"). IHC and its subsidiaries (including the Insurance Group) are collectively referred to as the "Company."
Geneve Corporation, a diversified financial holding company, and its affiliated entities (collectively, "Geneve") held 58.6% of IHC's outstanding common stock at March 31, 2004.
(B) Principles of Consolidation and Preparation of Financial Statements
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements for quarterly reports on Form 10-Q. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring accruals) that are necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated results of operations for the interim periods have been included. The consolidated results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2004 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be anticipated for the entire year. The consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the notes included in IHC's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003. Certain amounts in the prior year's consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the 2003 presentation.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect: (i) the reported amounts of assets and liabilities; (ii) the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements; and (iii) the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
(C) Stock-Based Compensation
The Company applies Accounting Principles Board ("APB") Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees", and related interpretations in accounting for its stock option plan. Since stock options under the plan are issued with an exercise price equal to the stock's fair value on date of grant, no compensation cost has been recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company follows the disclosure provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation", as amended.
INDEPENDENCE HOLDING COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
Note 1. Significant Accounting Policies and Practices (Continued)
(C) Stock-Based Compensation (Continued)
SFAS No. 123 establishes a fair value based method of accounting for stock-based compensation plans as an alternative to APB Opinion No. 25. Under SFAS No. 123, the compensation cost for options is measured at the grant date based on the value of the award, and such cost is recognized as an expense over the vesting period of the options. Compensation cost for stock appreciation rights ("SARs") is recognized over the service period of the award under both APB Opinion No. 25 and SFAS No. 123. Had the Company applied SFAS No. 123 in accounting for stock-based compensation awards, net income and net income per share for the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 would have been as follows:
2004 |
2003 |
|||||
(In thousands, except per share data) |
||||||
|
||||||
Net income, as reported |
$ |
5,500 |
$ |
4,437 |
||
Add SAR expense included in reported |
||||||
net income, net of tax |
106 |
- |
||||
Deduct SAR and stock option expense |
||||||
under SFAS No. 123, net of tax |
(360) |
(73) |
||||
Pro forma net income |
$ |
5,246 |
$ |
4,364 |
||
Basic income per common share: |
||||||
As reported |
$ |
.71 |
$ |
.57 |
||
Pro forma |
$ |
.68 |
$ |
.56 |
||
Diluted income per common share: |
||||||
As reported |
$ |
.69 |
$ |
.56 |
||
Pro forma |
$ |
.66 |
$ |
.55 |
Note 2. American Independence Corp.
AMIC is an insurance holding company engaged in the insurance and reinsurance business. AMIC does business with the Insurance Group, including reinsurance treaties under which Standard Life and Madison Life cede at least 15% of their medical stop-loss business.
At March 31, 2004, the Company owned 39% of AMIC's outstanding common stock, and accounted for its investment under the equity method of accounting. The carrying value of the Company's investment in AMIC including goodwill of $1,973,000 was $30,195,000 at March 31, 2004 and its equity income was $621,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2004. At March 31, 2003, the Company owned 19.9% of AMIC's outstanding common stock. The Company's equity income was $401,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2003.
INDEPENDENCE HOLDING COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
Note 2. American Independence Corp. (Continued)
The Company earned $77,000 and $69,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively, from its service agreement with AMIC dated November 15, 2002.
Note 3. Income Per Common Share
Included in the diluted earnings per share calculation for 2004 and 2003, respectively, are 230,000 and 140,000 shares from the assumed exercise of options using the treasury stock method. Net income does not change as a result of the assumed dilution of options.
Note 4. Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes shown in the consolidated statements of operations was computed based on the Company's estimate of the effective tax rates expected to be applicable for the current year.
The deferred income tax provision for the three months ended March 31, 2004 allocated to stockholders' equity for the increase in the net unrealized gains on investment securities was $3,154,000.
Note 5. Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information
Cash payments for income taxes were $1,500,000 and $1,852,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. Cash payments for interest were $266,000 and $89,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively.
Note 6. Comprehensive Income
The components of comprehensive income include (i) net income or loss reported in the Consolidated Statements of Operations, and (ii) after-tax net unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale (net of deferred acquisition costs) and cash flow hedges which are reported directly in stockholders' equity. Comprehensive income for the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 is as follows:
2004 |
2003 |
|||
(In thousands) |
||||
Net income |
$ |
5,500 |
$ |
4,437 |
Unrealized gains (losses) |
5,461 |
(1,625) |
||
Comprehensive income |
$ |
10,961 |
$ |
2,812 |
INDEPENDENCE HOLDING COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
Note 7. Segment Reporting
The Insurance Group principally engages in the life and health insurance business. Interest expense, taxes, and general expenses associated with parent company activities are included in Corporate. Information by business segment for the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 is presented below:
|
2004 |
2003 |
|||
(In thousands) |
|||||
Revenues : |
|||||
Medical stop-loss |
$ |
22,688 |
$ |
16,569 |
|
Group disability, life, annuities and DBL |
9,926 |
11,000 |
|||
Individual life, annuities and other |
13,070 |
9,671 |
|||
Credit life and disability |
4,995 |
4,528 |
|||
Corporate |
858 |
382 |
|||
51,537 |
42,150 |
||||
Net realized and unrealized gains |
895 |
340 |
|||
$ |
52,432 |
$ |
42,490 |
Income (loss) before income taxes: |
||||
Medical stop-loss |
$ |
5,033 |
$ |
3,244 |
Group disability, life, annuities and DBL |
705 |
1,254 |
||
Individual life, annuities and other |
2,572 |
2,035 |
||
Credit life and disability |
(30) |
440 |
||
Corporate |
(170) |
(293) |
||
8,110 |
6,680 |
|||
Interest expense |
(560) |
(100) |
||
Net realized and unrealized gains |
895 |
340 |
||
$ |
8,445 |
$ |
6,920 |
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Overview
The Company is a holding company principally engaged in health insurance throughout the United States, and is a leader in the medical stop-loss industry nationally. The Company operates through its two insurance carriers (Standard Life and Madison Life) and its 39% ownership interest in American Independence Corp. ("AMIC"), which owns medical stop-loss managing general underwriters (MGUs). Through its ownership of AMIC and other MGUs, IHC controls a majority of the production sources for this core product, while maintaining profitability through disciplined underwriting. IHC also writes group disability/DBL, group life and annuities, individual life and annuities, and credit life and disability.
These lines of business are targeted to niche markets. The majority of group life and disability business is focused in the upper Midwest school and public entity markets. The DBL business is written i n New York State and administered through Standard Life's efficient web-based back office. Individual life and annuities are written under a nation-wide program for volunteer emergency service personnel. Our credit life and disability business is through a select group of producers.While management considers a wide range of factors in its strategic planning and decision-making, underwriting profit is consistently emphasized as the primary goal in all decisions as to whether or not to increase our retention in a core line, expand into new products, acquire an entity or a block of business, or otherwise change our business model. Management's assessment of trends in healthcare and morbidity, with respect to medical stop-loss, disability and DBL; mortality rates with respect to life insurance; and changes in market conditions in general play a significant role in determining the rates charged, deductibles and attachment points quoted, and the percentage of business retained. In addition, the Company's acquisition group assesses opportunities to acquire blocks of business based on the amount of reserves transferred and current interest rates. Finally, management focuses on managing the costs of our operations, which contributed to the Company's consistent profitabili ty.
The following is a summary of key performance information after for the three months ended March 31, 2004:
In recent years, we have experienced beneficial market changes in our core lines of business, however, insurance business may be cyclical. While the rates charged for medical stop-loss are increasing at a lesser rate than in recent years, increases in medical trend are also being held in check to a greater extent and deductibles and attachment points have increased, which reduces IHC's risk exposure. The Company remains optimistic that it will continue to produce profitable results while still growing its core businesses.
Information pertaining to the Company's business segments is provided in Note 7 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The accounting and reporting policies of the Company conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP") and to general practices within the insurance industry. The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Management has identified the accounting policies described below as those that, due to the judgments, estimates and assumptions inherent in those policies, are critical to an understanding of the Company's consolidated financial statements and management's discussion and analysis.
Insurance Reserves
The Company maintains loss reserves to cover its estimated liability for unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses, including legal and other fees as well as a portion of the Company's general expenses, for reported and unreported claims incurred as of the end of each accounting period.
The Company computes insurance policy benefits primarily using the net premium method based on anticipated investment yield, mortality (morbidity on health insurance) and withdrawals. Liabilities for insurance policy benefits on certain short-term medical coverages were computed using completion factors and expected loss ratios derived from actual historical premium and claim data. These methods are widely used in the life and health insurance industry to estimate the liabilities for insurance policy benefits. Inherent in these calculations are management and actuarial judgments and estimates (within industry standards) which could significantly impact the ending reserve liabilities and, consequently, operating results. Actual results may differ, and these estimates are subject to interpretation and change. Management believes that the Company's method of estimating the liabilities for insurance policy benefits provided reasonably accurate levels of reserves at March 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003; however, if the Company's reserves are insufficient to cover its actual losses and loss adjustment expenses, the Company would have to augment its reserves and incur a charge to its earnings, and these charges could be material.
Investments
The Company accounts for its investments in debt and equity securities under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 115 ("SFAS 115"), Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities. The Company has classified all of its investments as available-for-sale securities. These investments are carried at fair value based on quoted market prices with unrealized gains and losses reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. Net realized gains and losses on investments are computed using the specific identification method and are reported in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations. Declines in value judged to be other-than-temporary are determined based on the specific identification method and are reported in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations as net realized losses. The factors considered by management in determining when a decline is other than temporary include bu t are not limited to: the length of time and extent to which the fair value has been less than cost; the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer; adverse changes in ratings announced by one or more rating agencies; whether the issuer of a debt security has remained current on principal and interest payments; whether the decline in fair value appears to be issuer specific or, alternatively, a reflection of general market or industry conditions; and the Company's intent and ability to hold the security for a period of time sufficient to allow for a recovery in fair value. For securities within the scope of Emerging Issues Task Force Issue 99-20, such as purchased interest-only securities, an impairment loss is recognized when there has been a decrease in expected cash flows combined with a decline in the security's fair value below cost.
Premium Revenue Recognition
Premiums from short-duration contracts are recognized as revenue over the period of the contracts in proportion to the amount of insurance protection provided. Premiums from long duration contracts are recognized as revenue when due from policyholders.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2004 COMPARED TO THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2003
Net income was $5.5 million, or $.69 per share, diluted, for the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to $4.4 million, or $.56 per share, diluted, for the three months ended March 31, 2003. The Company's income before taxes increased $1.5 million to $8.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004 from $6.9 million for 2003. The Company had net realized and unrealized gains of $.9 million in the first quarter of 2004 compared to $.3 million in 2003. Decisions to sell securities are based on cash flow needs, investment opportunities and economic and market conditions, thus creating fluctuations in gains and losses from year to year. Income tax expense increased $.4 million to $2.9 million in the first quarter of 2004 from $2.5 million 2003 primarily reflecting the increase in income before taxes.
Insurance Group
The Insurance Group's pre-tax income increased $1.8 million to $9.1 million in 2004 from $7.3 million in 2003. These results include net realized and unrealized gains of $.9 million in 2004 compared to $.3 million in 2003.
Premium revenues grew $6.4 million to $40.3 million in 2004 from $33.9 million in 2003; premium revenues increased $1.8 million at Madison Life and $4.6 million at Standard Life. The change at Madison Life is comprised of: a $1.3 million increase in the medical stop-loss line of business; an increase of $.4 million from the credit line of business; and a $.3 million increase from the LTD line, partially offset by a $.2 million decrease in premiums from all other lines. The change at Standard Life is comprised of the following increases: $4.9 million in medical stop-loss premiums due to higher volume in 2004; $.3 million in the HMO Reinsurance line; and $.2 million in the ordinary life line, partially offset by decreases of $.7 million in provider excess and $.1 million in all other lines.
Total net investment income of the Insurance Group increased $1.2 million primarily due to an increase in investable assets. The annualized return on investments of the Insurance Group was 5.9% in the first quarter of 2004 and 6.4% in the first quarter of 2003.
Equity income from AMIC increased $.2 million primarily due to the additional investment in AMIC.
Other income increased $1.0 million primarily due to a large surrender in the first quarter of 2003 from a modified coinsurance agreement that is in runoff status at Standard Life.
Insurance benefits, claims and reserves increased $6.9 million, reflecting increases of $2.6 million at Madison Life and $4.3 million at Standard Life. Madison Life's increase resulted from: $.8 million from growth in the medical stop-loss business; a $.6 million increase in the credit line due to an increase in claims; a $.4 million increase in the ordinary life line due to an increase in reserves; a $.7 million increase in interest credited; and a $.1 million increase from all other lines. The change at Standard Life is comprised of: higher claims and reserves of $3.4 million from the medical stop-loss line due to greater volume; an increase in reserves of $.8 million attributable to the ordinary life line of business that the Company assumed in November 2003; and a $.1 million increase in all other lines.
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs and general and administrative expenses for the Insurance Group increased $.7 million, due to increases at Madison Life of $.1 million and at Standard Life of $.6 million. The increase at Madison Life is due to greater general expenses, partially offset by lower deferred acquisition costs. The increase at Standard Life is due to greater commissions and general expenses partially offset by a decrease in taxes, licenses and fees.
Corporate
The pre-tax loss for corporate increased $.3 million to $.7 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2004 from $.4 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2003. The higher loss is primarily attributable to increases in interest expense of $.5 million and general expense of $.3 million, partially offset by increases in net investment income of $.4 million and other income of $.1 million.
LIQUIDITY
Insurance Group
The Insurance Group normally provides cash flow from: (i) operations; (ii) the receipt of scheduled principal payments on its portfolio of fixed income securities; and (iii) earnings on investments. Such cash flow is partially used to finance liabilities for insurance policy benefits. These liabilities represent long-term and short-term obligations which are calculated using certain assumed interest rates.
Asset Quality
The nature and quality of insurance company investments must comply with all applicable statutes and regulations, which have been promulgated primarily for the protection of policyholders. Of the aggregate carrying value of the Insurance Group's investment assets, approximately 89.2% was invested in investment grade fixed income securities, resale agreements, policy loans and cash and cash equivalents at March 31, 2004. Also at such date, approximately 95.1% of the Insurance Group's fixed maturities were investment grade. These investments carry less risk and, therefore, lower interest rates than other types of fixed maturity investments. At March 31, 2004, approximately 4.9% of the carrying value of fixed maturities was invested in diversified non-investment grade fixed income securities (investments in such securities have different risks than investment grade securities, including greater risk of loss upon default, and thinner trading markets). The Company does not have any mortgag e loans or non-performing fixed maturities at March 31, 2004.
Investment Impairments
The Company reviews its investments regularly and monitors its investments continually for impairments. For the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, the Company recorded a realized loss for other than temporary impairments of $.6 million and $3.8 million, respectively. In 2004 and 2003, $.6 million and $3.6 million, respectively, of the loss relates to an interest related impairment recognized on certain interest only securities ("IO Securities") resulting from expected prepayments of the mortgage obligations underlying the IO Securities due to falling interest rates. The Company has invested in IO Securities to help actively manage its interest rate exposure. Typically these securities account for less than 2% of IHC's total portfolio assets and are rated AAA or better. In a rising interest rate environment, IO Securities will increase in value which acts to mitigate the loss on the balance of the bond portfolio. In a decreasing interest rate environment, IO Securities will lose value, but there will be gains in the rest of the bond portfolio. Although these securities performed as expected, the Company applies the methodology of Emerging Issues Task Force 99-20, "Recognition of Interest Income and Impairment of Purchased and Retained Beneficial Interests in Securitized Financial Assets" ("EITF 99-20") in determining when an IO Security is considered other than temporarily impaired. The Company recorded realized losses in the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 under EITF 99-20, since there had been a decrease in expected cash flows combined with a decline in the IO Securities' fair value below cost.
The Company's gross unrealized losses on fixed maturities totaled $4.9 million at March 31, 2004. Substantially all of these securities were investment grade. The unrealized losses, primarily within the corporate securities portfolio, have been evaluated in accordance with the Company's policy and were determined to be temporary in nature at March 31, 2004. The Company holds all securities as available-for-sale and accordingly marks all of its securities to market through accumulated other comprehensive income.
Balance Sheet
Total investments increased $115.7 million to $709.1 million at March 31, 2004. This increase is due to the investment of the cash received from acquisitions in December 2003. Such increase in total investments was offset by an increase in due to brokers of $29.9 million and a decrease of $58.0 million in cash and cash equivalents. The $2.4 million increase in insurance policy benefits reflects growth in the business. The $11.3 million increase in total stockholders' equity is primarily due to net income generated in the three months ended March 31, 2004, and an increase in net unrealized gains on fixed maturity investments. There were no repurchases of the Company's common stock in the first quarter of 2004.
The Company had net receivables from reinsurers of $118.0 million at March 31, 2004. Substantially all of the business ceded to such reinsurers is of short duration. All of these receivables are either due either from its affiliate, Independence American Insurance Company, highly rated companies or are adequately secured. As of March 31, 2004, the balance due from Independence American was $12,671,000 million. Accordingly, no allowance for doubtful accounts was necessary at March 31, 2004.
Corporate
Corporate derives its funds principally from: (i) dividends and interest income from the Insurance Group; (ii) management fees from its subsidiaries; and (iii) investment income from Corporate liquidity. Regulatory constraints historically have not affected the Company's consolidated liquidity, although state insurance laws have provisions relating to the ability of the parent company to use cash generated by the Insurance Group.
Total Corporate liquidity (cash, cash equivalents, resale agreements, short-term investments and marketable securities) amounted to $25.8 million at March 31, 2004.
CAPITAL RESOURCES
Due to its strong capital ratios, broad licensing and excellent asset quality and credit-worthiness, the Insurance Group remains well positioned to increase or diversify its current activities. It is anticipated that future acquisitions or other expansion of operations will be funded internally from existing capital and surplus and parent company liquidity. In the event additional funds are required, it is expected that they would be borrowed or raised in the public or private capital markets to the extent determined to be necessary or desirable.
In accordance with SFAS No. 115, the Company may carry its portfolio of fixed income securities either as held to maturity (carried at amortized cost), as trading securities (carried at fair market value) or as available-for-sale (carried at fair market value). The Company has chosen to carry all of its debt securities as available-for-sale. The Company experienced an increase in unrealized gains of $5.7 million, net of deferred taxes and deferred policy acquisition costs, in accumulated other comprehensive income, reflecting net unrealized gains of $6.3 million at March 31, 2004 versus $.6 million at December 31, 2003. From time to time, as warranted, the Company employs investment strategies to mitigate interest rate and other market exposures. However, the portfolio will always have interest rate exposure given the matching of its liabilities, and therefore portfolio valuations will fluctuate with market interest rates. The Company also recorded unrealized losses of $.2 million, net of deferred taxes, in the quarter ended March 31, 2004, due to changes in the fair value of its interest rate swaps which are accounted for as cash flow hedges.
The expected schedule of contractual obligations at March 31, 2004 is not materially different than the schedule at December 31, 2003
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The Company manages interest rate risk by seeking to maintain a portfolio with a duration and average life that falls within the band of the duration and average life of the applicable liabilities. Options may be utilized to modify the duration and average life of such assets.
The Company monitors its investment portfolio on a continuous basis and believes that the liquidity of the Insurance Group will not be adversely affected by its current investments. This monitoring includes the maintenance of an asset-liability model that matches current insurance liability cash flows with current investment cash flows.
The expected change in fair value as a percentage of the Company's fixed income portfolio at March 31, 2004 given a 100 to 200 basis point rise or decline in interest rates is not materially different than the expected change at December 31, 2003. In the Company's analysis of the asset-liability model, a 100 to 200 basis point change in interest rates on the Insurance Group's liabilities would not be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company. With respect to its liabilities, if interest rates were to increase, the risk to the Company is that policies would be surrendered and assets would need to be sold. This is not a material exposure to the Company since a large portion of the Insurance Group's interest sensitive policies are burial policies that are not subject to the typical surrender patterns of other interest sensitive policies, and many of the Insurance Group's universal life and annuity policies come from liquidated companies which tend to exhibit lower surrender ra tes than such policies of continuing companies. Additionally, there are charges to help offset the benefits being surrendered. If interest rates were to decrease substantially, the risk to the Company is that some of its investment assets would be subject to early redemption. This is not a material exposure because the Company would have additional gains in its portfolio to help offset the future reduction of investment income. With respect to its investments, the Company employs (from time to time as warranted) investment strategies to mitigate interest rate and other market exposures.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
The President and the Chief Financial Officer of the Company (its principal executive officer and its principal financial officer, respectively) have concluded, based on their evaluation as of the end of the period covered by this Report, that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports filed or submitted by it under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms, and include controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in such reports is accumulated and communicated to the Company's management, including the President and the Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, and allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
There have not been any changes in the Company's internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2004 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
Forward Looking Statements
Some of the statements included within Management's Discussion and Analysis may be considered to be forward looking statements which are subject to certain risks and uncertainties. Factors which could cause the actual results to differ materially from those suggested by such statements are described from time to time in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K and other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
None
Item 2. Changes in Securities, Use of Proceeds and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
None
Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities
None
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security HoldersItem 4.
None
Other InformationItem 5.
None
Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K
(a) Exhibits
31.1 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer and President Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302
of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1 Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes - Oxley Act of 2002
32.2 Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes - Oxley Act of 2002
(b) Reports on Form 8-K
A report on Form 8-K was filed on March 8, 2004 to announce 2003 fourth quarter and full year earnings.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
INDEPENDENCE HOLDING COMPANY
(THE REGISTRANT)
By: /s/ Roy T.K. Thung
Chief Executive Officer and
President
By: /s/ Teresa A. Herbert
Teresa A. Herbert
Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
Dated: May 14, 2004