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SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington,
D.C. 20549
___________________________________________
FORM
10-K
[√]
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934
For
the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2004
—OR—
[ ]
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT
OF 1934
Commission
File Number 333-108876
TXU
Energy Company LLC
(Exact
Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
A
Delaware Limited Liability Company |
75-2967817 |
(State
of Incorporation) |
(I.R.S.
Employer Identification No.) |
|
|
1601
Bryan Street Dallas, TX 75201-3411 |
(214)
812-4600 |
(Address
of Principal Executive Offices)(Zip Code) |
Registrant’s
Telephone Number) |
___________________________________________
Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
________________________________________
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrants (1) has filed all reports required to be
filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required
to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for
the past 90 days. Yes Ö No
- -__
Indicate
by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of
Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best
of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this
Form 10-K. [ Ö
]
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule
12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act). Yes __ No -
Ö_
Aggregate
market value of TXU Energy Company LLC common membership interests held by
non-affiliates: None
TXU Corp.
indirectly owns all the common members’ interests of TXU Energy Company
LLC.
TXU
Energy Company LLC meets the conditions set forth in General Instructions (I)
(1) (a) and (b) of Form 10-K and is therefore filing this report with the
reduced disclosure format.
___________________________________________
DOCUMENTS
INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE -
None
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
Page
Glossary |
ii |
PART
I |
|
Items
1. and
2. BUSINESS and PROPERTIES |
1 |
TXU
ENERGY COMPANY LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES |
1 |
TEXAS
ELECTRIC INDUSTRY RESTRUCTURING |
1 |
DESCRIPTION
OF OPERATIONS |
3 |
ENVIRONMENTAL
MATTERS |
7 |
|
|
Item
3. LEGAL
PROCEEDINGS |
9 |
|
|
Item
4. SUBMISSION
OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS |
10 |
|
|
PART
II |
|
Item
5. MARKET
FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER
|
|
MATTERS
AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES |
11 |
|
|
Item
6. SELECTED
FINANCIAL DATA |
11 |
|
|
Item
7. MANAGEMENT’S
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND |
|
RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS |
11 |
|
|
Item
7A. QUANTITATIVE
AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK |
11 |
|
|
Item
8. FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA |
11 |
|
|
Item
9. CHANGES
IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON
ACCOUNTING |
|
AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE |
11 |
|
|
Item
9A. CONTROLS
AND PROCEDURES |
11 |
|
|
Item
9B. OTHER
INFORMATION |
11 |
|
|
PART
III |
|
Item
10. DIRECTORS
AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT |
12 |
|
|
Item
11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION |
12 |
|
|
Item
12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND
MANAGEMENT |
12 |
|
|
Item
13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS |
12 |
|
|
Item
14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES |
12 |
|
|
PART
IV |
|
Item
15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES |
13 |
|
|
APPENDIX
A - Financial Information of TXU Energy Company
LLC |
|
|
|
APPENDIX
B -Exhibits to 2004 Form 10-K |
|
Periodic
reports on Form 10-K and Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K that contain
financial information of TXU Energy Company LLC are made available to the
public, free of charge, on the TXU Corp. website at http://www.txucorp.com,
shortly after they have been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
TXU Energy Company LLC will provide copies of current reports not posted on the
website upon request. The information on TXU Corp.’s website shall not be deemed
a part of, or incorporated by reference into, this report on Form
10-K.
GLOSSARY
When the
following terms and abbreviations appear in the text of this report, they have
the meanings indicated below.
1999
Restructuring Legislation
|
legislation
that restructured the electric utility industry in Texas to provide for
retail competition
|
2002
Form 8-K
|
US
Holdings’ Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 26, 2003 for TXU
Energy Holdings with respect to its financial information for the year
ended December 31, 2002, and Form 8-K filed September 16, 2003 to reflect
the impact of adopting SFAS 145 on the financial information reported in
the Form 8-K filed on February 26, 2003
|
2002
Form 10-K
|
US
Holdings’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
2002
|
2003
Form 8-K
|
the
Form 8-K of TXU Energy Holdings filed December 10, 2004, reflecting the
impact of the reclassification of discontinued operations on the financial
information reported in the 2003 Form 10-K
|
2003
Form 10-K
|
TXU
Energy Holdings’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December
31, 2003
|
APB
25
|
Accounting
Principles Board Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to
Employees”
|
APB
30
|
Accounting
Principles Board Opinion No. 30, “Reporting the Results of Operations -
Reporting the Effects of Disposal of a Segment of a Business, and
Extraordinary, Unusual and Infrequently Occurring Events and Transactions”
|
Bcf
|
billion
cubic feet
|
Capgemini
|
Capgemini
Energy LP, a new company providing business process support services to
TXU Energy Holdings and a subsidiary of Cap Gemini North America
Inc.
|
Commission
|
Public
Utility Commission of Texas
|
EITF
|
Emerging
Issues Task Force
|
EITF
98-10
|
EITF
Issue No. 98-10, “Accounting for Contracts Involved in Energy Trading and
Risk Management Activities”
|
EITF
02-3
|
EITF
Issue No. 02-3, “Issues Involved in Accounting for Derivative Contracts
Held for Trading Purposes and Contracts Involved in Energy Trading and
Risk Management Activities”
|
EPA
|
Environmental
Protection Agency
|
ERCOT
|
Electric
Reliability Council of Texas, the Independent System Operator and the
regional reliability coordinator of the various electricity systems within
Texas
|
ERISA
|
Employee
Retirement Income Security Act
|
FASB
|
Financial
Accounting Standards Board, the designated organization in the private
sector for establishing standards for financial accounting and
reporting
|
FERC
|
Federal
Energy Regulatory Commission
|
FIN
|
Financial
Accounting Standards Board Interpretation
|
FIN
46
|
FIN
No. 46, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities”
|
FIN
46R
|
FIN
No. 46 (Revised 2003), “Consolidation of Variable Interest
Entities”
|
Fitch
|
Fitch
Ratings, Ltd.
|
FSP
|
FASB
Staff Position (interpretations of standards issued by the staff of the
FASB)
|
FSP
106-1
|
FSP
106-1, “Accounting and Disclosure Requirements Related to the Medicare
Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003”
|
FSP
106-2
|
FSP
106-2, “Accounting and Disclosure Requirements Related to the Medicare
Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003”
|
GW
|
gigawatts
|
GWh
|
gigawatt-hours
|
historical
service territory
|
the
territory, largely in north Texas, being served by US Holdings as a
regulated utility at the time of entering retail competition on January 1,
2002
|
IRS
|
Internal
Revenue Service
|
kV
|
kilovolts
|
kWh
|
kilowatt-hours
|
Moody’s
|
Moody’s
Investors Services, Inc.
|
MW
|
megawatts
|
MWh
|
megawatt-hours
|
NRC
|
United
States Nuclear Regulatory Commission
|
POLR
|
provider
of last resort of electricity to certain customers under the Commission
rules interpreting the 1999 Restructuring Legislation
|
price-to-beat
rate
|
residential
and small business customer electricity rates established by the
Commission that (i) were required to be charged in a REP’s historical
service territories until the earlier of January 1, 2005 or the date when
40% of the electricity consumed by such customer classes is supplied by
competing REPs, adjusted periodically for changes in fuel costs, and (ii)
are required to be made available to those customers until January 1,
2007
|
REP
|
retail
electric provider
|
S&P
|
Standard
& Poor’s, a division of the McGraw Hill Companies
|
Sarbanes-Oxley
|
Sarbanes
- Oxley Act of 2002
|
SEC
|
United
States Securities and Exchange Commission
|
Settlement
Plan
|
regulatory
settlement plan that received final approval by the Commission in January
2003
|
SFAS
|
Statement
of Financial Accounting Standards issued by the FASB
|
SFAS
34
|
SFAS
No. 34, “Capitalization of Interest Cost”
|
SFAS
71
|
SFAS
No. 71, “Accounting for the Effect of Certain Types of
Regulation”
|
SFAS
87
|
SFAS
No. 87, “Employers’ Accounting for Pensions”
|
SFAS
106
|
SFAS
No. 106, “Employers'
Accounting for Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions”
|
SFAS
109
|
SFAS
No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes”
|
SFAS
123
|
SFAS
No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation”
|
SFAS
123R
|
SFAS
No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment”
|
SFAS
133
|
SFAS
No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Activities”
|
SFAS
140
|
SFAS
No. 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and
Extinguishments of Liabilities, a replacement of FASB Statement
125”
|
SFAS
142
|
SFAS
No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”
|
SFAS
143
|
SFAS
No. 143, “Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations”
|
SFAS
144
|
SFAS
No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived
Assets”
|
SFAS
145
|
SFAS
No. 145, “Rescission of FASB Statements No. 4, 44 and 64, Amendment of
FASB Statement 13, and Technical Corrections”
|
SG&A
|
selling,
general and administrative
|
TCEQ
|
Texas
Commission on Environmental Quality
|
TXU
Corp.
|
refers
to TXU Corp. a holding company, and/or its consolidated subsidiaries,
depending on context
|
TXU
Electric Delivery
|
refers
to TXU Electric Delivery Company (formerly Oncor Electric Delivery
Company), a subsidiary of US Holdings, and/or its consolidated bankruptcy
remote financing subsidiary, TXU Electric Delivery Transition Bond Company
LLC (formerly Oncor Electric Delivery Transition Bond Company LLC),
depending on context
|
TXU
Energy Holdings
|
refers
to TXU Energy Company LLC, a subsidiary of US Holdings, and/or its
consolidated subsidiaries, depending on context
|
TXU
Fuel
|
TXU
Fuel Company, a former subsidiary of TXU Energy Holdings
|
TXU
Gas
|
TXU
Gas Company, a former subsidiary of TXU Corp.
|
TXU
Mining
|
TXU
Mining Company LP, a subsidiary of TXU Energy Holdings
|
TXU
Portfolio Management
|
TXU
Portfolio Management Company LP, a subsidiary of TXU Energy
Holdings
|
US
|
United
States of America
|
US
GAAP
|
accounting
principles generally accepted in the US
|
US
Holdings
|
TXU
US Holdings Company, a subsidiary of TXU Corp. and parent of the TXU
Energy Holdings and TXU Electric Delivery businesses
|
PART
I
Items
1. and 2. BUSINESS and PROPERTIES
TXU
ENERGY COMPANY LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
TXU
Energy Holdings is a wholly-owned subsidiary of US Holdings, which is a
subsidiary of TXU Corp. TXU Energy Holdings is engaged in electricity generation
and retail and wholesale energy sales. TXU Energy Holdings is currently managed
as an integrated business; consequently, there are no reportable business
segments.
TXU
Energy Holdings’ operations are conducted principally through the following
subsidiaries: TXU Generation Company LP; TXU Portfolio Management Company
LP; TXU Energy Retail Company LP; and two coal mining subsidiaries.
At
December 31, 2004, TXU Energy Holdings had 3,862 full-time employees, including
1,751 in a collective bargaining unit.
BUSINESS
RESTRUCTURING
During
2004, management reviewed TXU Energy Holdings’ operations to identify and
implement strategic initiatives to improve operational and financial
performance. Among a number of actions, management completed the
following:
Divestitures ─ In
April 2004, TXU Energy Holdings distributed the assets of TXU Fuel, its gas
transportation subsidiary, to US Holdings at book value, including $16 million
of allocated goodwill. In June 2004, US Holdings completed the sale of the
assets of TXU Fuel to Energy Transfer Partners, L.P. for $500 million in cash.
The assets of TXU Fuel Company consisted of approximately 1,900 miles of
intrastate pipeline and a total system capacity of 1.3 Bcf/day. As part of the
transaction, TXU Energy Holdings entered into a transportation agreement,
intended to be market-price based, with the new owner to transport gas to TXU
Energy Holdings’ generation plants. Because of the continuing involvement in the
business through the transportation agreement, the business has not been
accounted for as a discontinued operation.
Other
Business Changes
— In May 2004, as part of an overall arrangement initiated by and
involving TXU Corp. and its subsidiaries, TXU Energy Holdings entered into a
services agreement with Capgemini Energy LP (Capgemini), a new company initially
providing business process support services to TXU Corp. only, but immediately
implementing a plan to offer similar services to other utility companies. Under
the ten-year agreement, over 2,500 employees (including approximately 1,100 from
TXU Energy Holdings) transferred from subsidiaries of TXU Corp. to Capgemini
effective July 1, 2004. Outsourced base support services performed by Capgemini
for a fixed fee, subject to adjustment for volumes or other factors, include
information technology, customer call center, billing, human resources, supply
chain and certain accounting activities.
TEXAS
ELECTRIC INDUSTRY RESTRUCTURING
RESTRUCTURING
LEGISLATION
As a
result of the 1999 Restructuring Legislation, on January 1, 2002, TXU Corp.
disaggregated (unbundled) its Texas electric utility business into a power
generation company, a retail electric provider and an electricity transmission
and distribution (delivery) utility. Unbundled electricity delivery utilities
within ERCOT, such as TXU Electric Delivery, remain regulated by the Public
Utility Commission of Texas (the Commission).
Effective
January 1, 2002, REPs affiliated with electricity delivery utilities were
required to charge price-to-beat rates, established by the Commission, to
residential and small business customers located in their historical service
territories. TXU Energy Holdings, whose REP is affiliated with an electricity
delivery utility, was required to charge the price-to-beat rate, adjusted for
fuel factor changes, to such classes of customers until the earlier of January
1, 2005 or the date on which 40% of the electricity consumed by customers in
that class is supplied by competing REPs. Currently, TXU Energy Holdings may
offer rates different from the price-to-beat rate to customers in that class,
but it must also continue to make the price-to-beat rate available for
residential and small business customers until January 1, 2007. In December
2003, the Commission found that TXU Energy Holdings had met the 40% requirement
to be allowed to offer alternatives to the price-to-beat rate for small business
customers in its historical service territory.
Under
amended Commission rules, effective in April 2003, affiliated REPs of utilities
are allowed to petition the Commission twice a year for a change in the fuel
factor component of their price-to-beat rates if the average price of natural
gas futures increases or decreases more than 5% (10% if the petition is filed
after November 15 of any year) from the level used to set the existing
price-to-beat fuel factor rate. The fuel factor adjustment mechanism is intended
to encourage full and fair competition among providers of electricity. With fuel
factor adjustments, the price-to-beat is not expected to be below the market
rate, and this mechanism allows for new competitors to enter the marketplace and
effectively compete for retail customers.
|
— |
TXU
Energy Holdings implemented two price-to-beat increases in 2003. The
first, requested in January and approved by the Commission and implemented
in March, raised the average monthly residential bill of a customer using
1,000 kilowatt hours by 12%. The second increase, requested in July and
approved and implemented in August, raised the average monthly residential
bill by 4%. |
|
— |
TXU
Energy Holdings also implemented two price-to-beat increases in 2004. The
first, requested in March and approved and implemented in May, raised the
average monthly residential bill by 3%. The second increase, requested in
June, approved in July and implemented in August, raised the average
monthly residential bill by 6%. |
Also,
effective January 1, 2002, power generation companies affiliated with
electricity delivery utilities may charge unregulated prices in connection with
ERCOT wholesale power transactions. Estimated costs associated with TXU Energy
Holdings’ nuclear power plant decommissioning obligations continue to be
recovered by TXU Electric Delivery as an electricity distribution fee surcharge
over the life of the plant.
REGULATORY
SETTLEMENT PLAN
On
December 31, 2001, US Holdings filed a Settlement Plan with the Commission. It
resolved all major pending issues related to US Holdings’ transition to
competition pursuant to the 1999 Restructuring Legislation. The Settlement Plan,
which became final and nonappealable in January 2003, does not eliminate TXU
Energy Holdings’ price-to-beat rates and related fuel adjustments.
The major
elements of the Settlement Plan are:
Excess
Mitigation Credit — Over
the two-year period ended December 31, 2003, TXU Electric Delivery implemented a
stranded cost excess mitigation credit in the amount of $389 million (originally
estimated to be $350 million), plus $26 million in interest, applied as a
reduction to distribution fees charged to all REPs, including TXU Energy
Holdings. The credit was funded through payments on a note receivable from TXU
Energy Holdings.
Regulatory
Asset Securitization — US
Holdings received a financing order authorizing the issuance of securitization
(transition) bonds in the aggregate principal amount of up to $1.3 billion to
recover regulatory asset stranded costs and other qualified costs. Accordingly,
TXU Electric Delivery Transition Bond Company LLC, a bankruptcy remote financing
subsidiary of TXU Electric Delivery, issued an initial $500 million of
securitization bonds in 2003 and the remaining $790 million in the first half of
2004. The principal and interest on the bonds are recoverable through revenues
as a transition charge to all REPs, including TXU Energy Holdings. There is no
remaining issuance authorization under the financing order.
Retail
Clawback Credit —A
retail clawback credit related to residential customers was implemented in
January 2004. In 2004, the Commission determined that the clawback would be
applied at a rate of $2.73 per customer each month, ending in December 2005.
This credit is being applied to distribution fees charged by TXU Electric
Delivery to all REPs, including TXU Energy Holdings, over the period. TXU Energy
Holdings funds the credit provided by TXU Electric Delivery.
Stranded
Costs and Fuel Cost Recovery — TXU
Energy Holdings’ stranded costs, not including regulatory assets, are fixed at
zero. US Holdings will not seek to recover its unrecovered fuel costs which
existed at December 31, 2001. Also, it will not conduct a final fuel cost
reconciliation, which would have covered the period from July 1998 until the
beginning of competition in January 2002.
PROVIDER OF
LAST RESORT (POLR)
The POLR
provides electric service only to customers who request POLR service, whose
selected REP goes out of business, or who are transferred to the POLR by other
REPs for reasons other than non-payment. Through a competitive bid process, the
Commission selected a POLR to serve for a two-year term beginning January 1,
2003, for several areas within Texas. In areas for which no bids were submitted,
the Commission selected the POLR by lottery. TXU Energy Holdings did not bid to
be the POLR, but was designated POLR through lottery for residential and small
business customers in certain West Texas service areas and for small business
customers in the Houston service area. TXU Energy Holdings’ obligation to serve
as POLR in those areas ceased on December 31, 2004. However, the REPs selected
by the Commission to assume the POLR obligation in those areas on January 1,
2005 initially objected to that selection. To ensure continuity of POLR service,
TXU Energy Holdings voluntarily agreed to continue providing POLR service in
those areas until March 31, 2005, at which time TXU Energy Holdings’ POLR
obligations will cease. Under the current rule, the Commission will use a
competitive bid process in late 2006 to determine POLR providers for 2007 and
2008.
DESCRIPTION
OF OPERATIONS
TXU
Energy Holdings serves more than 2.5 million retail electric customers, of which
2.3 million are in its historical service territory. This territory, which is
located in the north-central, eastern and western parts of Texas, has an
estimated population in excess of 7 million, about one-third of the population
of Texas, and comprises 92 counties and 370 incorporated municipalities,
including Dallas/Fort Worth and surrounding suburbs, as well as Waco, Wichita
Falls, Odessa, Midland, Tyler and Killeen. The Dallas/Fort Worth area is a
diversified commercial and industrial center with substantial banking,
insurance, telecommunications, electronics, aerospace, petrochemical and
specialized steel manufacturing, and automotive and aircraft assembly
operations. TXU Energy Holdings also provides retail electric service in other
areas of ERCOT now open to competition, including the Houston, Corpus Christi,
and lower Rio Grande Valley areas of Texas.
Texas is
one of the fastest growing states in the nation and has attracted a number of
competitors into a deregulated energy market. As a result, competition is
expected to continue to be robust.
The power
fleet in Texas consists of 19 owned or leased plants with generating capacity
fueled as follows: 2,300 MW
nuclear
(1 plant); 5,837 MW
coal/lignite (4 plants); and 10,228 MW gas/oil (14 plants). Of the total gas/oil
plant capacity, 1,028 MW represent units mothballed or no longer run for TXU
Energy Holdings’ benefit, 375 MW represent units under a reliability contract
with ERCOT and 2,516 MW represent units pending mothballing. TXU Energy Holdings
supplies its retail customer base from its power fleet as well as through
long-term power supply agreements and purchases in the wholesale markets. The
power generating plants and other important properties of TXU Energy Holdings
are located primarily on land owned in fee simple. TXU Energy Holdings has sold
and may from time to time sell generation assets to reduce its position in the
Texas market and provide funds for other investments or to reduce debt.
TXU
Energy Holdings is one of the largest purchasers of wind-generated energy in
Texas and the US. TXU Energy Holdings currently purchases energy from wind
projects with approximately 579 MW of capacity located in West Texas. TXU Energy
Holdings expects to continue to add additional wind generation to its portfolio
as commercial opportunities become available.
Business
Organization — Although
the TXU Energy Holdings segment is managed as an integrated business, for
purposes of operational accountability and performance management, the segment
has been divided into the TXU Power business and the TXU Energy business.
TXU Power
consists of the nuclear-powered and lignite/coal-fired production operations
(referred to in the aggregate as baseload production). TXU Energy consists of
the consumer, business and wholesale sales operations. The wholesale markets
operation is responsible for hedging and risk management activities designed to
mitigate commodity price risk for the segment as a whole.
TXU
Power
Nuclear-Powered
Production Assets — TXU
Power operates two baseload nuclear-fueled electricity generation units at the
Comanche Peak plant, each of which is designed for a capacity of 1,150 MW.
TXU
Power has on
hand, or has contracted for, enrichment services through mid-2006 and
fabrication services through 2011 for its nuclear units. TXU Power is finalizing
supply contracts for the purchase of uranium and conversion to meet its needs
through mid-2008 and does not anticipate any problems in completing the
contracts. TXU Power does not anticipate any difficulties procuring raw
materials and services beyond these dates.
TXU
Power’s onsite spent nuclear fuel storage capability is sufficient to
accommodate the operation of Comanche Peak through the year 2017, while
maintaining the capability to off-load the core of one of the nuclear-fueled
generating units.
Under
current regulatory licenses, nuclear decommissioning activities are projected to
begin in 2030 for Comanche Peak Unit 1 and 2033 for Unit 2 and common
facilities. Since January 1, 2002, projected decommissioning costs are being
recovered from TXU Electric Delivery’s customers through a delivery charge based
upon a 1997 site-specific study, adjusted for changes in the value of trust fund
assets, through rates placed into effect under the 2001 Unbundled Cost of
Service filing.
The
Comanche Peak nuclear-powered generation units were originally estimated to have
a useful life of 40 years, based on the life of the operating licenses granted
by the NRC. Over the last several years, the NRC has granted 20-year extensions
to the initial 40-year terms for several commercial power reactors. Based on
these extensions and current expectations of industry practice, the useful life
of the Comanche Peak nuclear-powered generation units is now estimated to be 60
years. TXU Power expects to file a license extension request in accordance with
timing and other provisions established by the NRC. (See Note 2 to Financial
Statements under Property,
Plant and Equipment, for a
discussion of the change in depreciable lives for accounting purposes).
Lignite/Coal-Fired
Production Assets —
Approximately 70% of the fuel used at TXU Power’s baseload lignite/coal-fired
generation plants in 2004 was supplied from owned in fee simple or leased proven
surface-minable lignite reserves dedicated to the Big Brown, Monticello and
Martin Lake generating plants, which were constructed adjacent to the reserves.
TXU Power utilizes owned and/or leased equipment to remove the overburden and
recover the lignite.
TXU Power
supplements its lignite fuel at Big Brown, Monticello and Martin Lake with
western coal from the Powder River Basin in Wyoming. The coal is purchased from
multiple suppliers under contracts of various lengths and is transported from
the Powder River Basin to TXU Power’s generating plants by railcar. Based on its
current usage, TXU Power believes that it has sufficient lignite reserves and
access to western coal resources for its generating needs in the foreseeable
future. During 2004, TXU Power secured a supply of western coal to satisfy the
majority of its purchased coal needs for the next five years.
One of
TXU Power’s key competitive strengths is its ability to produce electricity at
low variable costs in a market in which power prices are set by gas-fired
generation. New gas-fired capacity, while generally more efficient to operate
than existing gas/oil-fired capacity due to technological advances,
is subject
to the volatile and increasing cost of natural gas fuel. On the other hand,
baseload nuclear and lignite/coal-fired plants have lower variable production
costs than new gas-fired plants at current average market gas prices.
TXU
Energy
Competitive
Markets - Regulatory
restructuring in Texas has resulted in competitive markets within the state,
thus presenting additional opportunities for growth accompanied by the
introduction of competitive pressures. Texas is one of the fastest growing
states in the nation with a diverse and resilient economy and, as a result, has
attracted a number of competitors into the retail electricity market. TXU
Energy, as an active participant in this competitive market, is marketing its
services in Texas to add new customers and to retain its existing customers.
Based on
the latest data provided by ERCOT (November 2004), approximately 20% of all
customers in ERCOT areas open to customer choice had elected to switch
providers. At the present time, 67 REPs are certified to compete within the
state of Texas.
TXU
Energy believes that the scale derived from a large retail portfolio provides
the platform for a profitable operation by, among other things, reducing the
costs of service and billing per customer. TXU Energy emphasizes its
identification with the TXU brand and reputation and focuses on excellent
customer service as a way to continue to strengthen its reputation. TXU Energy
uses a value pricing approach by customizing its products to each customer
segment with service enhancements that are known to be valued by customers in
those segments. With its approach, TXU Energy intends to achieve substantially
higher customer loyalty and enhanced profit margins, while reducing the costs
associated with customers frequently switching suppliers.
TXU
Energy has invested in customer-related infrastructure and capabilities.
Together with its business support services vendor, Capgemini, TXU Energy uses
its customer relationships, customer service operations, technology operating
platforms, commercial operations, marketing, and customer loyalty to actively
compete to retain its customer base and to add customers.
Wholesale
Markets Operations - TXU
Energy optimizes the value of the TXU Energy Holdings portfolio by balancing
customer demand for energy with the supply of energy in an economically
efficient and effective manner. This effort includes hedging
and risk management as well as other value creation activities. Retail and
wholesale demand has generally been greater than volumes that can be
supplied by the baseload (nuclear and lignite/coal-fired) production; however,
the supply demand relationship will evolve over time as market fundamentals and
the retail competitive landscape change. The wholesale markets
operations act to provide additional supply balancing through the gas/oil-fired
generation assets or purchases of power. These operations manage the
commodity volume and price risks inherent in TXU Energy Holdings’ generation and
sales operations through supply structuring, pricing and hedging activities,
including hedging both future power sales and purchases of fuel supplies for the
generation plants. These operations are also responsible for the efficient
dispatch of power from the generation plants.
TXU
Energy manages fifteen gas/oil-fired plants owned by TXU Power, including a 122
MW plant located in Pedricktown, New Jersey that is held for sale. Significant
portions of the gas/oil generating plants have the ability to switch between gas
and fuel oil. Gas/oil fuel requirements for 2004 were provided through a mix of
contracts with producers at the wellhead and contracts with commercial
suppliers. Fuel oil can be stored at 13 of the principally gas-fueled generating
plants. At December 31, 2004, TXU Energy had fuel oil storage capacity
sufficient to accommodate approximately 5.5 million barrels of oil and had
approximately 830,000 barrels of oil in inventory. TXU Energy may sell, lease,
toll or mothball additional capacity as economic conditions warrant. Mothballed
plants can be restored to operation if economic conditions warrant it. TXU
Energy ceased use of nine leased combustion turbines (585 MW) in December 2004
and has no intention to use the units for its own benefit for the remaining
terms of the leases.
In its
risk management activities, TXU Energy enters into physical delivery contracts,
exchange traded and “over-the-counter” financial contracts as well as bilateral
contracts with customers. Physical delivery contracts relate to the purchase and
sale of electricity and gas primarily in the wholesale markets in Texas. TXU
Energy’s risk management activities also incorporate some speculative trading
activity.
TXU
Energy manages exposure to price risk within established transactional policies
and limits. TXU Energy targets best practices in risk management and risk
control by employing proven principles used by financial institutions. These
controls have been structured so that they are practical in application and
consistent with stated business objectives. These operations revalue exposures
daily using integrated energy systems to capture value and mitigate risks. A
risk management forum meets regularly to ensure that transactional practices
comply with its prior approval of commodities, instruments, exchanges and
markets. Transactional risks are monitored and limits are enforced to comply
with the established risk policy. TXU Energy has a strict disciplinary program
to address any violations of its risk management policy requirements and
periodically reviews these policies to ensure they are responsive to changing
market and business conditions. These policies are designed to protect earnings,
cash flows and credit ratings.
TXU
Energy’s natural gas operations in Texas include well-head production contracts,
transportation agreements and storage leases. Natural gas is purchased for
internal use in the generation of power, as well as for sale in wholesale
markets and to large business customers. Because of the correlation of natural
gas and power prices, TXU Energy’s natural gas operations provide opportunities
to hedge its margins on power sales.
Competitive
Strategy - TXU
Energy’s strategy is to defend and build its customer base in the competitive
Texas market through superior management of its asset portfolio. Achieving
market leadership, operational excellence, and customer satisfaction are all
critical elements for executing on that strategy.
Retail
competition has remained steady in Texas with several large participants broadly
extending their marketing across all customer segments and all geographic areas
of competition. TXU Energy has successfully executed similar marketing programs
while retaining the majority of its incumbent residential customer base. TXU
Energy’s residential customer focus is to control costs and reduce customer
churn through improvements in the customer experience.
In 2004,
TXU Energy believes that it made a significant step toward achieving superior
customer service and operational excellence through the establishment of a
business relationship with Capgemini. Further discussion of TXU Corp.’s services
agreement with Capgemini is included in Note 1 to Financial Statements.
TXU
Energy will continue to focus on sustaining its leading position in the Texas
market by providing superior customer service, innovative new products and
effective commodity risk management. TXU Energy is in a position to move quickly
toward capturing new opportunities outside of Texas as they arise.
ERCOT
Market — TXU
Energy Holdings believes that the ERCOT region presents an attractive
competitive electric service market due to the following factors:
|
· |
ERCOT’s
market rules support fair and robust competition, while providing
opportunities for TXU Energy Holdings to optimize its generation fleet
operations and purchased power
requirements; |
|
· |
peak
demand is expected to grow at an average rate of approximately 2.4% per
year; and |
|
· |
it
is a sizeable market with approximately 62 GW of peak demand and
approximately 33 GW of average demand. |
Reserve
margins calculated by ERCOT for the ERCOT market, based upon existing
operational capacity, planned new capacity with interconnection agreements, and
excluding capacity currently in, or planned for a mothballed state, are expected
to be 14.8% in 2005, 11.2% in 2006, 8.6% in 2007, 6.0% in 2008 and 3.4% in 2009.
ERCOT desires to maintain a reserve margin of 12.5% or higher. Accordingly,
these projected reserve margins may subsequently be adjusted by ERCOT to reflect
its pending decisions regarding whether to enter into Reliability Must Run
agreements (an agreement to run a unit that would not otherwise be operated
except as necessary to provide voltage support, stability or management of
transmission constraints) with units currently planned for mothballing.
To
encourage competition in the ERCOT region, each incumbent power generation
company owning 400 MW or more of installed generating capacity must annually
offer to sell at auction entitlements to 15% of the output of its installed
generating capacity. Such auction sales cannot be to an affiliated REP. The
obligation of TXU Energy Holdings to sell capacity entitlements at auction
continues until the earlier of January 1, 2007 or the date the Commission
determines that 40% or more of the electric power consumed by residential and
small business customers within the affiliated delivery utility certificated
service area before the onset of customer choice is provided by non-affiliated
REPs. In 2004, TXU Energy Holdings held capacity auctions in March and July for
2004 capacity, and in September and November for 2005 capacity. TXU Energy
Holdings met its capacity auction obligations for 2004. The next auctions for
the remaining 2005 capacity obligations are scheduled for March and July 2005.
Outside
Texas
— Energy
industry restructuring, although proceeding well in Texas, has not had similar
success in most other parts of the US. As early as 2000, optimism for national
legislation and increased opening of competitive markets began to alter the
strategy of many industry participants. The establishment of Regional
Transmission Organizations and open access for both wholesale and retail
customers was on the horizon. Together with increasing customer demand for lower
priced electricity and other energy services, these measures were expected to
have accelerated the industry’s movement toward a more competitive pricing and
cost structure.
Many
states, faced with this increasing pressure from legislative bodies (federal and
state) to become more competitive while adhering to certain continued regulatory
requirements, along with changing economic conditions and rapid technological
changes, put forth deregulation plans that have since been deferred or changed.
The result is delayed restructuring. New entry by retailers as well as by
merchant generators in states other than Texas has been slowed. The continued
uncertainty regarding many state and federal regulatory policies has delayed the
opening of new retail markets.
Customers — There
are no individually significant customers upon which TXU Energy Holdings’
business or results of operations are highly dependent.
REGULATION
AND RATES
See
Texas Electric
Industry Restructuring above
for a description of the significant regulatory provisions relating to the
deregulation of the Texas electric industry.
TXU
Energy Holdings is an exempt wholesale generator under the Federal Power Act and
is subject to the jurisdiction of the NRC with respect to its nuclear power
plant. NRC regulations govern the granting of licenses for the construction and
operation of nuclear power plants and subject such plants to continuing review
and regulation. TXU Energy Holdings also holds a power marketer license from
FERC.
See
Environmental
Matters
discussion below for environmental regulations and related matters.
ENVIRONMENTAL
MATTERS
Air
— The
federal Clean Air Act includes provisions which, among other things, place
limits on the sulfur dioxide (SO2) and
nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions produced by certain generation plants. In
addition to the new source performance standards applicable to SO2 and NOx,
the Clean Air Act requires that fossil-fueled plants have sufficient
SO2 emission
allowances and meet certain NOx emission standards. TXU Energy Holdings’
generation plants meet the SO2
allowance requirements and NOx emission
rates.
Recently,
the EPA issued a final rule to further reduce NOx and SO2 emissions
from power plants. The SO2 and NOx
reductions required under the Clean Air Implementation Rule (CAIR) are based on
a cap and trade approach (market-based) in which a cap is put on the total
quantity of emissions allowed in 28 eastern states (including Texas), emitters
are required to have allowances for each ton emitted, and emitters are allowed
to trade emissions under the cap. The CAIR reductions are proposed to be phased
in between 2010 and 2015.
On March
16, 2005, the EPA published a final rule requiring reductions of mercury from
coal-fired power plants. Based on a preliminary announcement from the EPA, the
rule will use a cap and trade approach on a nationwide basis. The mercury
reductions are proposed to be phased in between 2010 and 2018. TXU Energy
Holdings is in the process of reviewing the final rules and is unable to
determine what impact, if any, the implementation of these rules will have on
TXU Energy Holdings’ results of operations or financial position.
SO2
reductions required under the proposed regional haze/visibility rule (or
so-called BART rule) only apply to units built between 1962 and 1977. The
reductions would be required on a unit-by-unit basis. EPA has suggested that
CAIR may satisfy the BART reductions.
In
January 2004, the EPA issued a proposed rule to regulate mercury emissions from
power plants. It is expected that a final rule will be issued in March 2005 with
an implementation date in 2010. Two different regulatory approaches are
considered in the announcement and the final form of the rule is unknown as are
the final forms of the CAIR and BART rules. Compliance plans for all of these
rules will be coordinated. The least cost approach to compliance will be
developed. To comply with these rules, it is likely that some costs, which could
be material, will be incurred for installation of additional control equipment
and for facility operations and maintenance.
The
federal Clean Air Act requires each state to monitor air quality for compliance
with federal health standards. The standards for ozone (both the one-hour and
eight-hour) are not being achieved in several areas of Texas. The TCEQ has
adopted revisions to its State Implementation Plan (SIP) rules that require an
88% reduction in NOx emissions from electricity generation plants in the
Dallas-Fort Worth ozone non-attainment area and a 51% reduction in
NOx emissions
from electricity generation plants in East and Central Texas. Full compliance is
required by May 1, 2005. TXU Energy Holdings has installed all the pollution
control technology necessary to achieve the reductions in NOx required in 2005.
Additionally, the TCEQ is expected to propose new SIP rules by 2007 to deal with
8-hour ozone standards. These NOx reductions are expected to be less significant
in Texas than elsewhere because the most current data (for 2003) show that the
Texas NOx rate is 0.14 lb./mmBtu, which is approximately 50% below the national
average. These rules could require further NOx emission reductions from certain
TXU Energy Holdings facilities.
Major air
pollution control provisions of the 1999 Texas Restructuring Legislation
required a 50% reduction in NOx emissions and a 25% reduction in SO2
emissions from “grandfathered” electric utility generation plants. The first
compliance period was for the year beginning May 1, 2003 through April 30, 2004.
TXU Energy Holdings has obtained all permits required for the “grandfathered”
plants by the 1999 Restructuring Legislation and has completed all construction
programs to install control equipment to achieve the required reductions. TXU
Energy Holdings is in compliance with the requirements at the end of the first
compliance period.
The Bush
Administration is addressing greenhouse gas emissions through its greenhouse gas
emissions intensity reduction Climate VISION program. The Bush Administration
and EPA have proposed the Clear Skies legislative initiative calling for
reductions of SO2, NOx,
and mercury emissions from electricity generation facilities over a 15-year
period. Some legislative proposals for additional regulation of SO2, NOx,
mercury and carbon dioxide have been considered at the federal level and it is
expected that additional similar proposals will be made in the future. TXU
Energy Holdings continues to participate in a voluntary greenhouse gas emission
reduction program and since 1995 has reported the results of its program
annually to the U.S. Department of Energy. TXU Energy Holdings is also
participating in a new voluntary electric utility industry sector climate change
initiative in partnership with the Department of Energy. In October
2004, TXU Energy Holdings released an independent study by NERA Economic
Consulting in collaboration with Marc Goldsmith & Associates. The study
evaluated TXU Energy Holdings’ processes for following and evaluating air
emissions and climate policies and reviewed TXU Energy Holdings’ actions
regarding previous major air emissions policies and compliance. Additionally,
the study considered the financial consequences and related risks to TXU Energy
Holdings of prospective air emissions and climate change policies, including an
assessment of the financial effects of reducing emissions now in anticipation of
future requirements. The study concluded that TXU Energy Holdings has the
appropriate processes and procedures in place and uses appropriate economic
methodologies to evaluate financial consequences of environmental regulatory
policy changes and scenarios. The study also concluded that absent certain
specific circumstances, the owners of TXU Energy Holdings’ common members’
interests would not benefit if the company devoted major financial resources now
to reduce its carbon dioxide emissions in advance of uncertain future emission
regulations. In addition, the study concluded that TXU Energy Holdings’ efforts
have consistently resulted in compliance with air emission limits. The study is
available on TXU Corp.'s website at http://www.txucorp.com/responsibility/environment/reports/Env_Study100104.pdf.
TXU
Energy Holdings continues to assess the financial and operational risks posed by
future regulatory or policy changes pertaining to greenhouse gas emissions and
multiple emissions, but because these proposals are in the formative stages, TXU
Energy Holdings is unable to predict their future impacts on the financial
condition and operations of TXU Energy Holdings.
Water
— The TCEQ
and/or the EPA have jurisdiction over water discharges (including storm water)
from all domestic facilities. Facilities of TXU Energy Holdings are presently in
compliance with applicable state and federal requirements relating to discharge
of pollutants into the water. TXU Energy Holdings holds all required waste water
discharge permits from the TCEQ for facilities in operation and has applied for
or obtained necessary permits for facilities under construction. TXU Energy
Holdings believes it can satisfy the requirements necessary to obtain any
required permits or renewals. Clean Water Act Section 316(b) regulations
pertaining to existing water intake structures were published by the EPA in July
2004. As prescribed in the new regulations, TXU Energy Holdings is implementing
a monitoring program to determine the future actions that might need to be taken
to comply with these regulations. The results of this program will determine the
impact on TXU Energy Holdings.
Other
— Diversion,
impoundment and withdrawal of water for cooling and other purposes are subject
to the jurisdiction of the TCEQ. TXU
Energy Holdings possesses all necessary permits for these activities from the
TCEQ for its present operations.
Treatment,
storage and disposal of solid and hazardous waste are regulated at the state
level under the Texas Solid Waste Disposal Act and at the federal level under
the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976, as amended, and the Toxic
Substances Control Act. The EPA has issued regulations under the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976 and the Toxic Substances Control Act, and
the TCEQ has issued regulations under the Texas Solid Waste Disposal Act
applicable to facilities of TXU Energy Holdings. TXU Energy Holdings has
registered solid waste disposal sites and has obtained or applied for such
permits as are required by such regulations.
Under the
federal Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Act of 1980, as amended, the State of
Texas is required to provide, either on its own or jointly with other states in
a compact, for the disposal of all low-level radioactive waste generated within
the state. The State of Texas has agreed to a compact for a disposal facility
that would be located in Texas. That compact was ratified by Congress and signed
by the President in 1998. In 2003, the State of Texas enacted legislation
allowing a private entity to be licensed to accept low-level radioactive waste
for disposal. In August 2004, the State received a license application from
Waste Control Specialists LLC for review. TXU Energy Holdings intends to
continue to ship low-level waste material off-site for as long as an alternative
disposal site is available. Should existing off-site disposal become
unavailable, the low-level waste material will be stored on-site. TXU Energy
Holdings’ on-site storage capacity is expected to be adequate until other
off-site facilities become available. (See Power Production - Nuclear-Powered
Production Assets above.)
Environmental
Capital Expenditure -
Capital expenditures for TXU Energy Holdings’ environmental projects were $12.7
million in 2004 and are expected to be about $15.8 million in 2005.
Item
3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Legal
Proceedings — On
February 18, 2005, a lawsuit was filed by Utility Choice, L.P. and Cirro Group,
Inc. in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas,
Houston Division, against TXU Corp. and certain of its subsidiaries, as well as
various other wholesale market participants doing business in ERCOT, claiming
generally that defendants engaged in a variety of anticompetitive conduct,
including market manipulation in violation of antitrust and other laws. TXU
Corp. believes that claims against it and its subsidiary companies are without
merit, and TXU Corp. and its subsidiaries intend to vigorously defend the
lawsuit. TXU Corp. is, however, unable to estimate any possible loss or predict
the outcome of this action.
Between
October 19 and December 30, 2004, ten lawsuits were filed by purported customers
in various California superior courts against TXU Corp., TXU Energy Trading Co.
and TXU Energy Services and other marketers, traders, transporters and sellers
of natural gas. Plaintiffs allege that beginning at least by the summer of 2000,
defendants manipulated and fixed at artificially high levels natural gas prices
in California in violation of the Cartwright Act and other California state
laws. These lawsuits have been coordinated in the San Diego Superior Court with
numerous other natural gas actions as "In re Natural Gas Anti-Trust Cases I, II,
III, IV and V." TXU Corp. believes the claims against TXU Corp. and its
subsidiaries are without merit, and intends to vigorously defend the lawsuits.
TXU Corp. is, however, unable to estimate any possible loss or predict the
outcome of these actions.
On July
7, 2003, a lawsuit was filed by Texas Commercial Energy (TCE) in the United
States District Court for the Southern District of Texas, Corpus Christi
Division, against TXU Energy Holdings and certain of its subsidiaries, as well
as various other wholesale market participants doing business in ERCOT, claiming
generally that defendants engaged in market manipulation, in violation of
antitrust and other laws, primarily during the period of extreme weather
conditions in late February 2003. An amended complaint was filed in February
2004 that joined additional, unaffiliated defendants. Three retail electric
providers filed motions for leave to intervene in the action alleging claims
substantially identical to TCE’s. In addition, approximately 25 purported former
customers of TCE filed a motion to intervene in the action alleging claims
substantially identical to TCE’s, both on their own behalf and on behalf of a
putative class of all former customers of TCE. An order granting TXU Energy
Holdings’ Motion to Dismiss based on the filed rate doctrine was entered on June
24, 2004. TCE has appealed the dismissal; however, TXU Energy Holdings believes
the dismissal of the antitrust claims was proper and that it has not committed
any violation of the antitrust laws. The appeal remains pending before the Fifth
Circuit Court of Appeals. Further, the Commission’s investigation of the market
conditions in late February 2003 has not resulted in any finding adverse to TXU
Energy Holdings. Accordingly, TXU Energy Holdings believes that TCE’s and the
intervenors’ claims are without merit, and intends to vigorously defend the
lawsuit on appeal. TXU Energy Holdings is, however, unable to estimate any
possible loss or predict the outcome of this action.
On April
28, 2003, a lawsuit was filed by a former employee of TXU Portfolio Management
in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas, Dallas
Division, against TXU Corp., TXU Energy Holdings and TXU Portfolio Management.
The case is set for trial on June 6, 2005 and discovery in the case is
substantially complete. In the case, the plaintiff asserts claims under Section
806 of Sarbanes-Oxley arising from the termination of plaintiff’s employment and
claims for breach of contract relating to payment of certain bonuses. Plaintiff
seeks back pay, payment of bonuses and alternatively, reinstatement or future
compensation, including bonuses. TXU Energy Holdings believes the plaintiff’s
claims are without merit. The plaintiff was terminated as the result of a
reduction in force, not as a reaction to any concerns the plaintiff had
expressed, and plaintiff was not in a position to evaluate TXU Corp.’s financial
statements or assess the adequacy of TXU Corp.’s financial disclosures. Thus,
TXU Energy Holdings does not believe that there is any merit to the plaintiff’s
claims under Sarbanes-Oxley. TXU Energy Holdings disputes the plaintiff’s claims
and intends to vigorously defend the litigation. TXU Energy Holdings is,
however, unable to estimate any possible loss or predict the outcome of this
action.
On March
10, 2003, a lawsuit was filed by Kimberly P. Killebrew in the United States
District Court for the Eastern District of Texas, Lufkin Division, against TXU
Corp. and TXU Portfolio Management, asserting generally that defendants engaged
in manipulation of the wholesale electric market, in violation of antitrust and
other laws. This case was transferred to the Beaumont Division of the Eastern
District of Texas and on March 24, 2004 was transferred to the Northern District
of Texas, Dallas Division. This action is brought by an individual, alleging to
be a retail consumer of electricity, on behalf of herself and as a proposed
representative of a putative class of retail purchasers of electricity that are
similarly situated. Defendants have filed a motion to dismiss the lawsuit which
is pending before the court; however, as a result of the dismissal of the
antitrust claims in the litigation described above brought by TCE, the parties
have agreed to stay this litigation until the appeal in the TCE case has been
decided. TXU Energy Holdings believes that the plaintiff lacks standing to
assert any antitrust claims and that defendants have not violated antitrust laws
or other laws as claimed by plaintiff. Therefore, TXU Energy Holdings believes
that plaintiff’s claims are without merit and plans to vigorously defend the
lawsuit. TXU Energy Holdings is however, unable to estimate any possible loss or
predict the outcome of this action.
On March
18, 2005, TXU Corp. received a subpoena from the SEC. The subpoena requires TXU
Corp. to produce documents and other information for the period from January 1,
2001 to March 31, 2003 relating to, among other things, the financial distress
at TXU Europe during 2002 and the resulting financial condition of TXU Corp.,
TXU Corp.’s reduction of its quarterly dividend in October 2002, and the
following two previously disclosed claims against TXU Corp. and certain other
persons named in such claims: (i) a lawsuit brought in April 2003 by a former
employee of TXU Portfolio Management, William J. Murray (Murray Litigation) and
(ii) various consolidated lawsuits brought by various shareholders of TXU Corp.
during late 2002 and January 2003 (Shareholders’ Litigation). The documents
accompanying the subpoena state that (i) the SEC is conducting a fact-finding
inquiry for purposes of allowing it to determine whether there have been any
violations of the federal securities laws and (ii) the request does not mean the
SEC has concluded that TXU Corp. or any other person has violated the law.
Although
TXU Corp. cannot predict the outcome of the SEC inquiry, as previously
disclosed, TXU Corp. does not believe that there is any merit to the claims made
in the Murray Litigation and it intends to vigorously defend such litigation. In
addition, TXU Corp. has executed a memorandum of understanding regarding the
settlement of the Shareholders’ Litigation. TXU Corp. expects to execute a final
agreement containing the terms of such settlement during the second quarter of
2005.
TXU Corp.
intends to cooperate with the SEC and is in the process of responding to the
subpoena.
General
— In
addition to the above, TXU Energy Holdings is involved in various other legal
and administrative proceedings in the normal course of business the ultimate
resolution of which, in the opinion of management, should not have a material
effect upon its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Item
4. SUBMISSION
OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
None.
PART
II
Item
5. MARKET
FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES
OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Not
applicable. All of TXU Energy Holdings’ common membership interests are owned by
US Holdings.
Item
6. SELECTED
FINANCIAL DATA
The
information required hereunder is set forth under Selected Financial Data
included in Appendix A to this report.
Item
7. MANAGEMENT’S
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS
The
information required hereunder is set forth under Management’s Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in
Appendix A to this report.
Item
7A. QUANTITATIVE
AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The
information required hereunder is set forth in Management’s Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in Appendix A
to this report.
Item
8. FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The
information required hereunder for TXU Energy Holdings is set forth under
Statement of Responsibility, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Report, Statements of Consolidated Income, Statements of Consolidated
Comprehensive Income, Statements of Consolidated Cash Flows, Consolidated
Balance Sheets, Statements of Consolidated Members Interests and Notes to
Financial Statements included in Appendix A to this report.
Item
9. CHANGES
IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL
DISCLOSURE
None.
Item
9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
An
evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of TXU
Energy Holdings’ management, including the principal executive officer and
principal financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of
the disclosure controls and procedures in effect as of December 31, 2004. Based
on the evaluation performed, TXU Energy Holdings’ management, including the
principal executive officer and principal financial officer, concluded that the
disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
There
have been no changes in TXU Energy Holdings’ internal controls over financial
reporting for its operations that have occurred during the most recent
fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to
materially affect, TXU Corp.’s internal control over financial reporting.
Item
9B. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
PART
III
Item
10. DIRECTORS
AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
Item 10
is not presented herein as TXU Energy Holdings meets the conditions set forth in
General Instruction (I) (1) (a) and (b).
Item
11. EXECUTIVE
COMPENSATION
Item 11
is not presented herein as TXU Energy Holdings meets the conditions set forth in
General Instruction (I) (1) (a) and (b).
Item
12. SECURITY
OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
Item 12
is not presented herein as TXU Energy Holdings meets the conditions set forth in
General Instruction (I) (1) (a) and (b).
Item
13. CERTAIN
RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
Item 13
is not presented herein as TXU Energy Holdings meets the conditions set forth in
General Instruction (I) (1) (a) and (b).
Item
14. PRINCIPAL
ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
TXU
Energy Holdings has no Audit Committee of its own, but relies upon the TXU Corp.
Audit Committee (Committee). The Committee has adopted a policy relating to
engagement of TXU Corp.’s independent auditors. The policy provides that in
addition to the audit of the financial statements, related quarterly reviews and
other audit services, Deloitte & Touche LLP may be engaged to provide
nonaudit services as described herein. Prior to engagement, all services to be
rendered by the independent auditors must be authorized by the Committee in
accordance with preapproval procedures which are defined in the policy. The
preapproval procedures require (i) the annual review and preapproval by the
Committee of all anticipated audit and nonaudit services; and (ii) the quarterly
preapproval by the Committee of services, if any, not previously approved and
the review of the status of previously approved services. The Committee may also
approve certain ongoing nonaudit services not previously approved in the limited
circumstances provided for in the SEC rules. All services performed by the
independent auditor were preapproved.
The
policy defines those nonaudit services which Deloitte & Touche LLP may also
be engaged to provide as follows: (i) audit related services (e.g. due diligence
related to mergers, acquisitions and divestitures; employee benefit plan audits;
accounting and financial reporting standards consultation; internal control
reviews; and the like); (ii) tax services (e.g. Federal and state tax returns;
regulatory rulings preparation; general tax, merger, acquisition and divestiture
consultation and planning; and the like); and (iii) other services (e.g. process
improvement, review and assurance; litigation and rate case assistance; general
research; and the like). The policy prohibits the engagement of Deloitte &
Touche LLP to provide (i) bookkeeping or other services related to the
accounting records or financial statements of TXU Energy Holdings; (ii)
financial information systems design and implementation services; (iii)
appraisal or valuation services, fairness opinions, or contribution in-kind
reports; (iv) actuarial services; (v) internal audit outsourcing services; (vi)
management or human resources functions; (vii) broker-dealer, investment
advisor, or investment banking services; (viii) legal and expert services
unrelated to the audit; (ix) tax or financial planning advice to any officer of
TXU Corp. and its subsidiaries; and (x) any other services that the Public
Company Accounting Oversight Board determines, by regulation, to be
impermissible.
Compliance
with the Committee’s policy relating to the engagement of Deloitte & Touche
LLP will be monitored on behalf of the Committee by TXU Corp.’s chief internal
audit executive. Reports from Deloitte & Touche LLP and the chief internal
audit executive describing the services provided by the firm and fees for such
services will be provided to the Committee no less often than quarterly.
For the
years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, fees billed to TXU Energy Holdings by
Deloitte & Touche LLP, the member firms of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu and
their respective affiliates were as follows:
|
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Audit
Fees.
Fees for services necessary to perform the annual audit, review SEC
filings, fulfill statutory and other attest service requirements, provide
comfort letters and consents |
|
$ |
1,076,000 |
|
$ |
1,248,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Audit-Related
Fees. Fees
for services including employee benefit plan audits, due diligence related
to mergers, acquisitions and divestitures, accounting consultations and
audits in connection with acquisitions, internal control reviews, attest
services that are not required by statute or regulation, and consultation
concerning financial accounting and reporting standards |
|
|
868,000 |
|
|
165,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tax
Fees. Fees
for tax compliance, tax planning, and tax advice related to mergers and
acquisitions, divestitures, and communications with and requests for
rulings from taxing authorities |
|
|
72,000 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
All
Other Fees. Fees
for services including process improvement reviews,
forensic accounting reviews, litigation and rate case
assistance |
|
|
─ |
|
|
102,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
2,016,000 |
|
$ |
1,515,000 |
|
PART
IV
Item
15. EXHIBITS
AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
Page
(a) Documents
filed as part of this Report:
Financial
Statements (included in Appendix A to this report):
Selected
Financial Data |
|
|
A-2 |
|
Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition |
|
|
|
|
and
Results of Operations |
|
|
A-3 |
|
Statement
of Responsibility |
|
|
A-39 |
|
Report
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |
|
|
A-40 |
|
Statements
of Consolidated Income for each of the three years in the |
|
|
|
|
period
ended December 31, 2004 |
|
|
A-41 |
|
Statements
of Consolidated Comprehensive Income for each of the |
|
|
|
|
three
years in the period ended December 31, 2004 |
|
|
A-41 |
|
Statements
of Consolidated Cash Flows for each of the three years in |
|
|
|
|
the
period ended December 31, 2004 |
|
|
A-42 |
|
Consolidated
Balance Sheets, December 31, 2004 and 2003 |
|
|
A-43 |
|
Statements
of Consolidated Membership Interests for each of the three years in
|
|
|
|
|
the
period ended December 31, 2004 |
|
|
A-44 |
|
Notes
to Financial Statements |
|
|
A-45 |
|
The
consolidated financial statement schedules are omitted because of the absence of
the conditions under which they are required or because the required information
is included in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.
(b) Exhibits:
Included
in Appendix B to this report.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant
to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, TXU Energy Company LLC has duly caused this report to be signed on its
behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
|
TXU
ENERGY COMPANY LLC |
|
|
Date: March
21, 2005 |
|
|
By /s/ PAUL
O’MALLEY |
|
(Paul
O’Malley, Chairman of the Board,
President
and Chief Executive) |
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been
signed below by the following persons on behalf of TXU Corp. and in the
capacities and on the date indicated.
|
Signature
|
Title |
Date |
|
|
|
|
/s/ |
PAUL
O’MALLEY |
Principal
Executive |
|
|
(Paul
O’Malley, Chairman of the Board, |
Officer
and Manager |
March
21, 2005 |
|
President
and Chief Executive) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ |
KIRK
R. OLIVER |
Principal
Financial Officer |
March
21, 2005 |
|
(Kirk
R. Oliver, Executive Vice President |
and
Manager |
|
|
Chief
Financial Officer) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ |
STAN
SZLAUDERBACH |
Principal
Accounting Officer |
March
21, 2005 |
|
(Stan
Szlauderbach, Senior Vice President) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ |
DAVID
CAMPBELL |
Manager |
March
21, 2005 |
|
(David
Campbell) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ |
M.S.
GREENE |
Manager |
March
21, 2005 |
|
(M.S.
Greene) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ |
ERIC
H. PETERSON |
Manager |
March
21, 2005 |
|
(Eric
H. Peterson) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ |
C.
JOHN WILDER |
Manager |
March
21, 2005 |
|
(C.
John Wilder) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supplemental
Information to be Furnished with Reports Filed
Pursuant
to Section 15(d) of the Act by Registrants Which Have Not
Registered
Securities
Pursuant to Section 12 of the Act
No annual
report, proxy statement, form of proxy or other proxy soliciting material has
been sent to security holders of TXU Energy Company LLC during the period
covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December
31, 2004.
Appendix
A
TXU
ENERGY COMPANY LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
INDEX
TO FINANCIAL INFORMATION
December
31, 2004
Page
Selected
Financial Data |
|
|
A-2 |
|
Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations |
|
|
A-3 |
|
Statement
of Responsibility |
|
|
A-39 |
|
Report
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |
|
|
A-40 |
|
Financial
Statements: |
|
|
|
|
Statements
of Consolidated Income and Comprehensive Income |
|
|
A-41 |
|
Statements
of Consolidated Cash Flows |
|
|
A-42 |
|
Consolidated
Balance Sheets |
|
|
A-43 |
|
Statements
of Consolidated Membership Interests |
|
|
A-44 |
|
Notes
to Financial Statements |
|
|
A-45 |
|
TXU
ENERGY COMPANY LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
SELECTED
FINANCIAL DATA
|
|
Year
Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
2002 |
|
2001 |
|
2000 |
|
|
|
(Millions
of Dollars, except ratios) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
assets — end of year |
|
$ |
14,515 |
|
$ |
14,148 |
|
$ |
15,789 |
|
$ |
13,905 |
|
$ |
14,775 |
|
|
Property,
plant and equipment - net — end of year |
|
$ |
9,920 |
|
$ |
10,345 |
|
$ |
10,341 |
|
$ |
10,530 |
|
$ |
10,650 |
|
Capital
expenditures |
|
$ |
281 |
|
$ |
163 |
|
$ |
284 |
|
$ |
327 |
|
$ |
254 |
|
|
Capitalization
— end of year: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term
debt, less amounts due currently |
|
$ |
3,226 |
|
$ |
3,084 |
|
$ |
2,378 |
|
$ |
3,454 |
|
$ |
3,196 |
|
Exchangeable
preferred membership interests, net of discount |
|
|
511 |
|
|
497 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
Membership
interests |
|
|
3,591 |
|
|
3,999 |
|
|
4,273 |
|
|
4,212 |
|
|
4,121 |
|
Total |
|
$ |
7,328 |
|
$ |
7,580 |
|
$ |
6,651 |
|
$ |
7,666 |
|
$ |
7,317 |
|
|
Capitalization
ratios — end of year: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term
debt, less amounts due currently |
|
|
44.0 |
% |
|
40.7 |
% |
|
35.8 |
% |
|
45.1 |
% |
|
43.7 |
% |
Exchangeable
preferred membership interests, net of discount |
|
|
7.0 |
% |
|
6.6 |
% |
|
─ |
% |
|
─ |
% |
|
─ |
% |
Membership
interests |
|
|
49.0 |
% |
|
52.7 |
% |
|
64.2 |
% |
|
54.9 |
% |
|
56.3 |
% |
Total |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
100.0
|
% |
|
100.0
|
% |
|
100.0 |
% |
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Embedded
interest cost on long-term debt and exchangeable preferred |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
membership
interests—end of year (a) |
|
|
6.3 |
% |
|
7.2 |
% |
|
6.8 |
% |
|
4.5 |
% |
|
5.9 |
% |
|
Operating
revenues |
|
$ |
8,495 |
|
$ |
7,986 |
|
$ |
7,678 |
|
$ |
7,404 |
|
$ |
7,392 |
|
Income
from continuing operations before cumulative effect of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
changes in accounting principles |
|
|
408 |
|
|
497 |
|
|
322 |
|
|
591 |
|
|
581 |
|
Net
income |
|
|
378 |
|
|
421 |
|
|
270 |
|
|
507 |
|
|
576 |
|
|
Ratio
of earnings to fixed charges |
|
|
2.42 |
|
|
2.95 |
|
|
2.66 |
|
|
3.96 |
|
|
3.64 |
|
(a) Represents
the annual interest and amortization of any discounts, premiums, issuance costs
and any deferred gains/losses on
reacquisitions
divided by the carrying value of
the debt plus or minus the unamortized balance of any discounts, premiums,
issuance
costs and gains/losses on reacquisitions at the end of the year.
Certain
previously reported financial statistics reflect reclassifications to conform to
current year classifications.
Prior
year amounts have been reclassified to reflect the Pedricktown operations
as discontinued operations.
MANAGEMENT’S
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
BUSINESS
TXU
Energy Holdings is a wholly-owned subsidiary of US Holdings, which is a
subsidiary of TXU Corp. TXU Energy Holdings is engaged in electricity generation
and retail and wholesale energy sales.
TXU
Corp. Management Change and Restructuring Plan
Mr. C.
John Wilder, who was named president and chief executive of TXU Corp. in
February 2004, and senior management reviewed TXU Corp.’s operations during 2004
to identify and implement strategic initiatives designed to improve operational
and financial performance. Areas reviewed included:
|
· |
Noncore
business activities; |
|
· |
Cost
effectiveness of generation operations; |
|
· |
Administrative
cost structure, including organizational alignments and headcount;
and |
|
· |
Opportunities
to improve retail customer service. |
Management
believes that its actions in 2004 have resulted in sustainable profitability
improvements, principally through streamlining of the organization, optimization
of energy supply costs and improved customer retention. Certain of the actions
have resulted in unusual charges and credits impacting 2004 net income,
summarized as follows and discussed below in more detail:
|
|
Income
Statement |
|
Charge/(Credit)
to Earnings |
|
|
|
Classification |
|
Pretax |
|
After-tax |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Charges
related to leased equipment |
|
|
Other
deductions |
|
$ |
180 |
|
$ |
117 |
|
Software
write-off |
|
|
Other
deductions |
|
|
107 |
|
|
70 |
|
Employee
severance costs |
|
|
Other
deductions |
|
|
107 |
|
|
69 |
|
Power
purchase contract termination |
|
|
Other
deductions |
|
|
101 |
|
|
66 |
|
Spare
parts inventory write-down |
|
|
Other
deductions |
|
|
79 |
|
|
51 |
|
Outsourcing
transition costs |
|
|
Other
deductions |
|
|
10 |
|
|
6 |
|
Other
asset impairments |
|
|
Other
deductions |
|
|
6 |
|
|
4 |
|
Other
charges |
|
|
Operating
costs/SG&A |
|
|
8 |
|
|
6 |
|
Recognition
of deferred gain on plant sales |
|
|
Other
income |
|
|
(58 |
) |
|
(38 |
) |
Gain
on sale of undeveloped properties |
|
|
Other
income |
|
|
(19 |
) |
|
(12 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
$ |
521 |
|
$ |
339 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The
review of TXU Energy Holdings’ operations and formulation of strategic
initiatives is ongoing, though the phases of the plan expected to result in
restructuring charges are largely completed. Certain of the strategic
initiatives described below could result in additional charges that TXU Energy
Holdings is currently unable to predict. In addition, other new strategic
initiatives that could also materially affect TXU Energy Holdings’ financial
results are likely.
Following
is a discussion of the major activities associated with the restructuring plan:
Sale
of TXU Fuel
In April
2004, TXU Energy Holdings distributed the assets of TXU Fuel, its gas
transportation subsidiary, to US Holdings at book value, including $16 million
of allocated goodwill. In June 2004, US Holdings completed the sale of the
assets of TXU Fuel to Energy Transfer Partners, L.P. for $500 million in cash.
The assets of TXU Fuel Company consisted of approximately 1,900 miles of
intrastate pipeline and a total system capacity of 1.3 Bcf/day. As part of the
transaction, TXU Energy Holdings entered into a transportation agreement,
intended to be market-price based, with the new owner to transport gas to TXU
Energy Holdings’ generation plants. Because of the continuing involvement in the
business through the transportation agreement, the business has not been
accounted for as a discontinued operation.
Capgemini
Energy Outsourcing Agreement
In May
2004, as part of an overall arrangement initiated by and involving TXU Corp. and
its subsidiaries, TXU Energy Holdings entered into a services agreement with
Capgemini Energy LP (Capgemini), a new company initially providing business
process support services to TXU Corp. only, but immediately implementing a plan
to offer similar services to other utility companies. Under the ten-year
agreement, over 2,500 employees (including approximately 1,100 from TXU Energy
Holdings) transferred from subsidiaries of TXU Corp. to Capgemini effective July
1, 2004. Outsourced base support services performed by Capgemini for a fixed
fee, subject to adjustment for volumes or other factors, include information
technology, customer call center, billing, human resources, supply chain and
certain accounting activities.
As part
of the agreement, Capgemini was provided a royalty-free right, under an asset
license arrangement, to use TXU Corp.’s information technology assets,
consisting primarily of capitalized software. A portion of the software was in
development and had not yet been placed in service. As a result of outsourcing
its information technology activities, TXU Corp. no longer intends to develop
the software and from TXU Corp.’s perspective the software is abandoned. The
agreements with Capgemini do not require that any software in development be
completed and placed in service. Consequently, the carrying value of these
software projects was written off, resulting in a charge of $107 million ($70
million after-tax), related to TXU Energy Holdings’ portion of this software.
The remaining assets were transferred to a subsidiary of TXU Corp. at book value
in exchange for an interest in that subsidiary. Such interest is accounted for
by TXU Energy Holdings on the equity method, and TXU Energy Holdings recorded
equity losses (representing depreciation expense) of $5 million, reported in
other deductions.
TXU Corp.
(through the subsidiary) obtained a 2.9% limited partnership interest in
Capgemini in exchange for the asset license described above. TXU Corp. has the
right to sell (the “put option”) its interest and the licensed software to Cap
Gemini North America Inc. for $200 million, plus its share of Capgemini’s
undistributed earnings, upon expiration of the services agreement, or earlier
upon the occurrence of certain unexpected events. Cap Gemini North America Inc.
has the right to purchase these interests under the same terms and conditions.
The partnership interest has been recorded at an initial value of $2.9 million
and is being accounted for on the cost method.
TXU
Energy Holdings has recorded its share of the fair value of the put option,
estimated at $103 million, as a noncurrent asset. Of this amount, $98 million
was recorded as a reduction to the carrying value of the investment. This
accounting is in accordance with guidance related to sales and licensing of
internally developed software described in AICPA Statement of Position 98-1,
“Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software Developed or Obtained for
Internal Use.” The difference of $5 million, which represented the fair value of
the assumed cash distributions and gains while holding the partnership interest
for the period prior to exercise of the put, was recorded as a noncurrent
deferred credit. The remaining balance of the software is being amortized over
the estimated remaining useful lives.
Also as
part of the agreement, TXU Corp. agreed to indemnify Capgemini for severance
costs incurred by Capgemini for former TXU Corp. employees terminated within 18
months of their transfer to Capgemini. Accordingly, in the second quarter of
2004, TXU Energy Holdings recorded a $27 million ($18 million after-tax) charge
for its share of severance liabilities. In addition, TXU Corp. committed to pay
up to $25 million for costs associated with transitioning the outsourced
activities to Capgemini. During 2004, TXU Energy Holdings recorded its share of
transition expenses of $10 million ($6 million after-tax).
Generation
Facility Closures and Sales
In
December 2004, TXU Energy Holdings committed to immediately cease operating for
its own benefit nine leased gas-fired combustion turbines, and recorded a charge
of $157 million ($102 million after-tax). The charge represents the present
value of the future lease payments related to the turbines, net of estimated
sublease proceeds. The leases expire in 2017 and 2018. TXU Energy Holdings is
currently evaluating opportunities with respect to the turbines, including
subleasing the turbines to third parties or decommissioning the turbines. During
this evaluation period, the turbines will be available to ERCOT only for system
reliability purposes.
In
November 2004, TXU Energy Holdings announced plans to deactivate, or mothball,
eight gas-fired operating units due to electric industry market conditions in
Texas. The units were more than 30 years old and had operated only sparingly
during the last two years. The facility closures resulted in employee severance
costs of $7 million ($5 million after-tax).
In the
second quarter of 2004, TXU Energy Holdings initiated a plan to sell the
Pedricktown, New Jersey 122 MW power production facility and exit the related
power supply and gas transportation agreements. Accordingly, TXU Energy Holdings
recorded an impairment charge of $26 million ($17 million after-tax) to write
down the facility to estimated fair market value. The results of the business
and the impairment charge are reported in discontinued operations, as discussed
in Note 4 to Financial Statements.
In March
2004, TXU Energy Holdings announced the planned permanent retirement, completed
in the second quarter of 2004, of eight gas-fired operating units. TXU Energy
Holdings also temporarily closed four other gas-fired units and placed them
under evaluation for retirement. A majority of the 12 units were designated as
“peaking units” and operated only during the summer for many years and had
operated only sparingly during the last two years. TXU Energy Holdings also
closed its Winfield North Monticello lignite mine in Texas, as it was no longer
economical to operate when compared to the cost of purchasing coal to fuel the
adjacent generation facility. A total charge of $8 million ($5 million
after-tax) was recorded for employee severance costs and impairments related to
the various facility closures.
As a
result of the various actions in 2004, TXU Energy Holdings will permanently or
temporarily deactivate over 40% of its gas-fired generating capacity in Texas,
representing 4,572 MW of capacity.
Other
Actions Related to Generation Operations
In
December 2004, TXU Energy Holdings executed an agreement to terminate, for a
payment of $172 million, an existing power purchase and tolling agreement that
would have expired in 2006. The agreement was entered into in connection with
the sale of two generation plants to the counterparty in 2001. As a result of
the transaction, TXU Energy Holdings recorded a charge of $101 million ($66
million after-tax). The charge represents the payment amount less the remaining
out-of-the-money liability related to the agreement originally recorded at its
inception. TXU Energy Holdings also recorded a gain of $58 million ($38 million
after-tax), representing the remaining deferred gains from the sale of the two
plants.
In
October 2004, TXU Energy Holdings entered into an agreement to terminate the
operating lease for certain mining equipment for approximately $28 million in
cash, effective November 1, 2004. The lease termination resulted in a charge of
$21 million ($14 million after-tax). TXU Energy Holdings entered into a
short-term lease with an unrelated third party for the equipment, which is
expected to be taken out of service at the expiration of the lease.
As part
of a review of its generation asset portfolio in the second quarter of 2004, TXU
Energy Holdings completed a review of its spare parts and equipment inventory to
determine the appropriate level of such inventory. The review included nuclear,
coal and gas-fired generation-related facilities. As a result of this review,
TXU Energy Holdings recorded a charge of $79 million ($51 million after-tax), to
reflect excess inventory on hand and to write down carrying values to scrap
values.
Organizational
Realignment and Headcount Reductions
During
2004, management completed a comprehensive organizational review, including an
analysis of staffing requirements. As a result, TXU Energy Holdings completed a
self-nomination severance program and other involuntary severance actions, and
recorded severance charges totaling $65 million ($41 million after-tax). This
amount includes $26 million in allocated corporate services severance charges.
Consolidation
of Real Estate
Currently,
TXU Corp. owns or leases more than 1.3 million square feet in various management
and support office locations, which exceeds its anticipated needs. TXU Corp. has
evaluated alternatives to reduce current office space and intends to consolidate
into its existing headquarters building in Dallas, Texas, enhancing the facility
to enable better employee communication and collaboration and cost
effectiveness. TXU Energy Holdings recorded $2 million ($1 million after-tax) in
exit fees related to existing leased facilities in 2004. Implementation of this
initiative is expected to result in additional charges in 2005 affecting TXU
Energy Holdings, but the amounts are not yet estimable.
KEY
CHALLENGES AND INITIATIVES
Following
is a discussion of the key challenges facing management and the initiatives
currently underway to manage such challenges:
Competitive
Markets and Customer Retention
In the
Texas market, 2004 was the third full year of retail competitive activity, and
that activity has impacted customer counts and sales volumes. The area
representing TXU Energy Holdings’ historical service territory prior to
deregulation, largely in north Texas, consisted of approximately 3 million
electricity consumers (measured by meter counts) as of year-end 2004. TXU Energy
Holdings currently has approximately 2.3 million customers in that territory and
has acquired approximately 200,000 customers in other competitive areas in
Texas. Total customer counts declined 2.3% in 2004, 4.3% in 2003 and 0.5% in
2002. Retail sales volumes declined 12% in both 2004 and 2003 and 9% in 2002,
reflecting competitive activity in the business market segment and to a lesser
extent in the residential market, as well as milder summer weather in 2004.
While wholesale sales volumes have increased significantly, gross margins have
been compressed by the loss of higher-margin retail sales volumes. In responding
to the competitive landscape, TXU Energy Holdings is focusing on the following
key initiatives:
|
· |
TXU
Energy Holdings’ customer retention strategy remains focused on delivering
world-class customer service and improving the overall customer
experience. In line with this strategy, TXU Energy Holdings continues to
implement several call center and other major initiatives to improve
customer service, including a simplified interactive voice response
process, an enhanced service level program and an upgraded online presence
to interact with customers over the internet.
|
|
· |
TXU
Energy Holdings has improved out-of-territory margins by reducing both its
cost to serve and cost to acquire customers. Cost-to-serve improvements
were achieved through the Capgemini arrangement, while cost-to-acquire
reductions were achieved by suspending mass-media spending and
prioritizing remaining marketing expenditures to focus on shorter-term
return requirements. TXU Energy Holdings is now focusing on rebalancing
the customer mix towards high-value customers and reducing bad debt
expenses. |
|
· |
Business
initiatives in the small and medium-business segment are focused largely
on more targeted programs to protect the existing highest-value customers
and to recapture customers who have switched. Tactical programs being put
into place include improved customer service, the development of new
product offerings and the establishment of a new direct-sales force for
customers with demand of 200 kilowatts and above.
|
|
· |
While
TXU Energy Holdings is evaluating strategic alternatives for the
large-business segment, it remains focused on driving profitability by
targeting customers with the highest economic potential and delivering
with a low-cost model. Initiatives include a more disciplined contracting
and pricing approach, a comprehensive hedging strategy to better protect
against pricing volatility, improved economic segmentation of the
large-business market to provide for more targeted sales and marketing
efforts and more effective deployment of the direct-sales
force. |
Natural
Gas Price & Market Heat-Rate Exposure
Wholesale
electricity prices in the Texas market generally move with the price of natural
gas because marginal demand is generally met with gas-fired generation plants.
Wholesale electricity prices also move with market heat rates, which are a
measure of the efficiency of the marginal supplier (generally gas plants) in
generating electricity. Market heat rates are currently near historical lows
following the substantial increase in more efficient gas-fired generation
capacity in Texas in the early 2000’s. In contrast, natural gas prices increased
significantly in recent years, but historically the price has fluctuated due to
the effects of weather, changes in industrial demand and supply availability,
and other economic factors.
Consequently,
sales price management and hedging activities are critical to the profitability
of the business. TXU Energy Holdings continues to have price flexibility in the
large business market and in all markets outside of its historical service
territory. With respect to residential and small and medium business customers
in the historical service territory, TXU Energy Holdings must offer regulated
price-to-beat rates until January 1, 2007, but such rates can be adjusted up or
down twice a year at TXU Energy Holdings’ option, subject to approval by the
Commission, based on changes in natural gas prices. Effective January 1, 2004
for the small and medium business market and January 1, 2005 for the residential
market in the historical service territory, TXU Energy Holdings has had
flexibility to offer prices other than the regulated price-to-beat rate, so long
as it continues to also offer the price-to-beat rate. The challenge in adjusting
these rates is determining the appropriate timing, considering past and
projected movements in natural gas prices, such that margin levels can be
sustained while remaining competitive with other retailers who have price
flexibility. In response to rising natural gas prices, TXU Energy Holdings
increased the price-to-beat rates twice in both 2004 and 2003.
One of
TXU Energy Holdings’ cost advantages, particularly in a time of historically
high natural gas prices, is its nuclear-powered and coal/lignite-fired
generation assets. Variable costs of this baseload generation, which provided
approximately 50% of supply volumes in 2004, have in recent history been, and
are expected to be, less than the costs of gas-fired generation. Consequently,
maintaining the efficiency and reliability of the baseload assets is of critical
importance in managing gross margin risk. Completing scheduled maintenance
outages at the nuclear-powered facility on a timely basis, for example, is a
critical management process.
TXU
Energy Holdings is both a producer and a buyer of wholesale electricity. The
generation operations supply power to the wholesale market and the retail
business, which also purchases power in the wholesale market. The combination of
these two businesses provides a partial natural hedge against near-term price
volatility in wholesale electricity and natural gas markets. With this natural
hedge and TXU Energy Holdings’ wholesale market positions, for 2005 TXU Energy
Holdings’ portfolio position is substantially balanced with respect to changes
in natural gas prices, given TXU Energy Holdings’ projections of baseload unit
availability and customer churn and assuming no changes in the price-to-beat
rates. The primary sensitivity to natural gas prices over the near term derives
from the price-to-beat structure for residential and small business customers;
higher gas prices could trigger higher price-to-beat rates and potentially
increased profitability, and vice versa. In the near term, TXU Energy Holdings
has more significant exposure to changes in market heat rates than natural gas
prices, in part due to TXU Energy Holdings’ 8,825 MW of active gas-fired
generation capacity in Texas that TXU Energy Holdings currently dispatches for
its own use. TXU Energy Holdings expects that increases in heat rates would
increase the profitability of its overall market position and its gas-fired
generation fleet, and vice versa.
Over the
longer term, TXU Energy Holdings’ exposure to changes in natural gas prices and
market heat rates is expected to increase. The magnitude of this exposure is
determined by several key assumptions including, but not limited to, baseload
generation capacity factors, gas plant availability, the size of the retail
business (both large business and residential), and the levels and stability of
margins in the retail business. In the unlikely case that TXU Energy Holdings’
retail price changes exactly and immediately mirrored changes in wholesale
electricity markets, TXU Energy Holdings could experience an approximate $245
million reduction in annual pretax earnings for every $0.50 per million British
thermal units reduction in natural gas prices (approximate 8% change in current
price) sustained over a full year. In the same scenario of retail price linkage
to wholesale markets, if natural gas prices and other nonprice conditions
remained unchanged, but ERCOT electricity prices declined by $5/MWh (approximate
10% change in current price) for a full year because of declining market heat
rates, TXU Energy Holdings could experience an approximate $320 million
reduction in annual pretax earnings.
TXU
Energy Holdings’ longer term approach to managing this risk focuses on:
|
· |
Improving
customer service to increase customer retention;
|
|
· |
Refining
retail pricing strategy to more appropriately reflect the magnitude and
costs of natural gas price risk; |
|
· |
Reducing
fixed costs to better withstand gross margin volatility;
and |
|
· |
Employing
disciplined hedging and risk management strategies, through physical and
financial energy-related (power and natural gas) contracts to partially
hedge gross margins. |
See
additional discussion of risk measures under “Commodity Price
Risk”.
Cost
Exposure Related to Nuclear Asset Outages
TXU
Energy Holdings is currently undertaking a strategic review of its nuclear
assets, comprised of two electricity generating units at Comanche Peak, each
with a capacity of 1,150 MW. The objectives of this strategic review are to
evaluate potential means to reduce the cost exposure associated with outages of
these facilities and improve the long-term availability and certainty of
electricity supply for customers. The nuclear generation facilities represent
TXU Energy Holdings’ lowest marginal cost source of electricity. Assuming both
nuclear generating units experienced an outage, the negative impact to gross
margin is estimated to be $2 million per day. TXU Energy Holdings continues to
identify and evaluate various potential initiatives as part of this review. The
review is expected to be completed in 2005, and no determination has been made
as to the likelihood of implementing any of the initiatives. Also see discussion
of nuclear insurance in Note 15 to Financial Statements.
CRITICAL
ACCOUNTING POLICIES
TXU
Energy Holdings’ significant accounting policies are detailed in Note 2 to
Financial Statements. TXU Energy Holdings follows accounting principles
generally accepted in the US. In applying these accounting policies in the
preparation of TXU Energy Holdings’ consolidated financial statements,
management is required to make estimates and assumptions about future events
that affect the reporting of assets and liabilities at the balance sheet dates
and revenue and expense during the periods covered. The
following is a summary of certain critical accounting policies of TXU Energy
Holdings that are impacted by judgments and uncertainties and under which
different amounts might be reported using different assumptions or estimation
methodologies.
Financial
Instruments and Mark-to-Market Accounting — TXU
Energy Holdings enters into financial instruments, including options, swaps,
futures, forwards and other contractual commitments primarily to manage
commodity price and interest rate risks. In accordance with SFAS 133, the fair
values of derivatives are recognized on the balance sheet and changes in the
fair values are recognized in earnings. This recognition is referred to as
“mark-to-market” accounting. However, if certain criteria are met, TXU Energy
Holdings may elect the normal purchase and sale exception or may designate the
derivative as a cash flow or fair value hedge. As these elections can reduce the
volatility in earnings resulting from fluctuations in fair value, results of
operations could be materially affected by such elections. A cash flow hedge
mitigates the risk associated with variable future cash flows (e.g., a future
sale at market prices), while a fair value hedge mitigates risk associated with
fixed future cash flows (e.g., debt with fixed interest rate payments).
In
accounting for cash flow hedges, derivative assets and liabilities are recorded
on the balance sheet at fair value with an offset in other comprehensive income.
Amounts remain in other comprehensive income, provided the underlying
transactions remain probable of occurring, and are reclassified into earnings as
the underlying transactions occur. Fair value hedges are recorded as derivative
assets or liabilities with an offset to the carrying value of the related asset
or liability. Any ineffectiveness associated with the hedges is recorded in
earnings.
Mark-to-market
accounting recognizes changes in the value of financial instruments as reflected
by market price fluctuations. In the energy market, the availability of quoted
market prices is dependent on the type of commodity (e.g., natural gas,
electricity, etc.), time period specified and location of delivery. In computing
the mark-to-market valuations, each market segment is split into liquid and
illiquid periods. The liquid period varies by region and commodity. Generally,
the liquid period is supported by broker quotes and frequent trading activity.
In illiquid periods, little or no market information may exist, and the fair
value is estimated through market modeling techniques.
For those
periods where quoted market prices are not available, forward price curves are
developed based on the available information or through the use of industry
accepted modeling techniques and practices based on market fundamentals (e.g.,
supply/demand, replacement cost, etc.). TXU Energy Holdings does not recognize
net gains in illiquid periods.
Prior to
October 2002, TXU Energy Holdings accounted for energy-related contracts,
whether or not derivatives under SFAS 133, that were deemed to be entered into
for trading purposes under the guidance from EITF 98-10. See Note 3 to Financial
Statements for discussion of the rescission of EITF 98-10 and the cumulative
effect of changes in accounting principles.
In the
fourth quarter of 2004, TXU Energy Holdings reviewed its approach to evaluating
the economic performance of its large business customer sales operations. TXU
Energy Holdings decided to no longer elect the normal sale exception for fixed
price sales contracts entered into after December 1, 2004, and as part of its
risk management activities, will use hedging transactions to mitigate the risk
of gross margin exposure. Both the sales contracts and the hedging instruments
are now marked-to-market. The day-one gains on the marked sales contracts are
amortized over the lives of the contracts, which average between twelve and
eighteen months. The effect of marking-to-market the sales contracts in 2004 was
a pretax loss of $3 million.
The net
effect of mark-to-market accounting under SFAS 133, including hedge
ineffectiveness, totaled $109 million, $100 million and $113 million of
unrealized losses in 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively. The 2003 amount excludes
the cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles discussed in Note 3 to
Financial Statements.
Revenue
Recognition — TXU
Energy Holdings records revenue from electricity sales under the accrual method.
Revenues
are recognized when power is provided to customers on the basis of periodic
cycle meter readings and include an estimated accrual for the value provided
from the meter reading date to the end of the period. The unbilled revenue is
calculated at the end of the period based on estimated daily consumption after
the meter read date to the end of the period. For retail electric sales,
estimated daily consumption is derived using historical customer profiles
adjusted for weather and other measurable factors affecting consumption.
Calculations of unbilled revenues during certain interim periods are generally
subject to more estimation variability than at year-end because of seasonal
changes in demand. Unbilled
revenues reflected in accounts receivable totaled $387 million, $388 million and
$425 million at December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively.
Realized
and unrealized gains and losses from transacting in energy-related contracts,
principally for the purpose of hedging margins on sales of energy, are reported
as a component of revenues. As discussed above under “Financial Instruments and
Mark-to-Market Accounting”, recognition of unrealized gains and losses involves
elections, assumptions and estimates that could have a significant effect on
reported revenues and earnings.
Accounting
for Contingencies —
The
financial results of TXU Energy Holdings may be affected by judgments and
estimates related to loss contingencies. Accruals for loss contingencies are
recorded when management determines that it is probable that an asset has been
impaired or a liability has been incurred and that such economic loss can be
reasonably estimated. Such determinations are subject to interpretations of
current facts and circumstances, forecasts of future events and estimates of the
financial impacts of such events.
A
significant contingency that TXU Energy Holdings accounts for is the loss
associated with uncollectible trade accounts receivable. The determination of
such bad debt expense is based on factors such as historical write-off
experience, aging of accounts receivable balances, changes in operating
practices, regulatory rulings, general economic conditions and customers'
behaviors. With the opening of the Texas electricity market to competition, many
historical measures used to estimate bad debts may be less reliable. The
changing environment, including recent regulatory changes that allow REPs to
disconnect nonpaying customers, and customer churn due to competitor actions has
added a level of complexity to the estimation process. Bad debt expense totaled
$91 million, $114 million and $155 million for the years ended December 31,
2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively.
In
connection with the opening of the Texas market to competition, the Texas
Legislature established a retail clawback provision intended to incent
affiliated REPs of utilities to actively compete for customers outside their
historical service territories. A retail clawback liability arises unless 40% of
the electricity consumed by residential and small business customers in the
affiliated REP’s historical service territory is supplied by competing REPs
after the first two years of competition. This threshold was reached for small
business customers in 2003, but not for residential customers. The amount of the
liability is equal to the number of such customers retained by TXU Energy
Holdings as of January 1, 2004, less the number of new customers from outside
the historical service territory, multiplied by $90. The credit, which is funded
by TXU Energy Holdings, is applied to delivery fees charged by TXU Electric
Delivery to REPs, including TXU Energy Holdings, over a two-year period
beginning January 1, 2004. In 2002, TXU Energy Holdings recorded a charge to
cost of energy sold and delivery fees of $185 million ($120 million after-tax)
to accrue an estimated retail clawback liability. In 2003, TXU Energy Holdings
reduced the accrual by $12 million ($8 million after-tax), to reflect the
calculation of the estimated liability applicable only to residential customers
in accordance with the Settlement Plan. In 2004, TXU Energy Holdings further
reduced the estimated liability by $12 million ($8 million after-tax) to reflect
revised estimates of customer counts. The balance of the liability at December
31, 2004 was $82 million.
ERCOT
Settlements - ERCOT’s
responsibilities include the balancing and settlement of electricity volumes and
related ancillary services among the various participants in the deregulated
Texas market. ERCOT settles balancing energy with market participants through a
load and resource imbalance charge or credit for any differences between actual
and scheduled volumes. Ancillary services and various fees are allocated to
market participants based on each participant’s load.
Initial
settlement information is due from ERCOT within 17 days after the operating day,
final settlement is due from ERCOT within two months and true-up settlements are
due from ERCOT within six months after the operating day. All periods continue
to be subject to a dispute resolution process. During 2003, the ERCOT settlement
process was delayed several times to address operational data management
problems among ERCOT, the transmission and distribution service providers and
the REPs, which arose as a result of new processes and systems associated with
the opening of the market to competition. These operational data management
issues were resolved during 2004.
As a
result of time lags in ERCOT settlements, TXU Energy Holdings’ operating
revenues and costs of energy sold contain estimates for load and resource
imbalance charges or credits with ERCOT and for ancillary services and related
fees that are subject to change and may result in charges or credits impacting
future reported results of operations. The amounts recorded represent the best
estimate of these settlements based on available information. During 2004, TXU
Energy Holdings recorded a net expense of $4 million to adjust amounts
previously recorded for 2003, 2002, and 2001 ERCOT settlements. During 2003, TXU
Energy Holdings recorded a net expense of $20 million to adjust amounts
previously recorded for 2002 and 2001 ERCOT settlements.
Impairment
of Long-Lived Assets — TXU
Energy Holdings evaluates long-lived assets for impairment whenever indications
of impairment exist, in accordance with the requirement of SFAS 144. One of
those indications is a current expectation that “more likely than not” a
long-lived asset will be sold or otherwise disposed of significantly before the
end of its previously estimated useful life. In this circumstance, impairment
would be evaluated based on the current market price of the asset. For TXU
Energy Holdings’ baseload generation assets, another indication would be a
significant drop in natural gas prices. In this circumstance, the impairment
test would be based on future undiscounted cash flow associated with the asset,
in accordance with SFAS 144. The determination of the existence of these and
other indications of impairment involves judgments that are subjective in nature
and may require the use of estimates in forecasting future results and cash
flows related to an asset or group of assets. Further, the unique nature of TXU
Energy Holdings’ property, plant and equipment, which includes a fleet of
generation assets using different fuels and individual plants that have varying
utilization rates, requires the use of significant judgments in determining the
existence of impairment indications and grouping assets for impairment testing.
TXU
Energy Holdings’ most significant long-lived asset in terms of carrying value is
its Comanche Peak nuclear generation facility. The net book value of the
facility was $7.5 billion at December 31, 2004. TXU Energy Holdings believes
that the net book value of the facility significantly exceeds the estimated
current market value. However, TXU Energy Holdings estimates that future
undiscounted cash flows from the facility significantly exceed net book value.
Significant assumptions used in this analysis are forward price curves for
natural gas and power, market heat rates (the amount of natural gas required to
produce a given amount of power) and production estimates. A
significant decline in forward price curves for natural gas and/or heat rates
could trigger an evaluation of impairment of the facility. TXU Energy Holdings
has conservatively estimated that a sustained structural decline in natural gas
prices of at least 40% would need to occur before any risk of impairment would
arise, assuming market heat rates remain unchanged.
In 2002,
TXU Energy Holdings recorded an impairment charge of $237 million ($154 million
after-tax), reported in other deductions, for the writedown of two generation
plant construction projects as a result of weaker wholesale electricity market
conditions and reduced planned developmental capital spending. Fair value was
determined based on appraisals of property and equipment.
Depreciation — The
depreciable lives of plant and equipment are based on management’s
estimates/determinations of the assets’ economically useful lives. To the extent
that the actual lives differ from these estimates there would be an impact on
the amount of depreciation charged to the financial statements. As is common in
the industry, TXU Energy Holdings records depreciation expense using composite
depreciation rates that reflect blended estimates of the lives of major asset
components, as compared to depreciation expense calculated on an
asset-by-asset-basis.
Effective
January 1, 2004, the estimates of depreciable lives of lignite-fired generation
facilities were extended an average of nine years to better reflect the useful
lives of the assets, and depreciation rates for the Comanche Peak nuclear
generating plant were decreased as a result of an increase in the estimated
lives of boiler and turbine generator components of the plant by an average of
five years. The net impact of these changes was a reduction in depreciation
expense of $44 million ($29 million after-tax) in 2004.
Effective
April 1, 2003, the estimates of the depreciable lives of the Comanche Peak
nuclear generating plant and several gas generation plants were extended to
better reflect the useful lives of the assets. At the same time, depreciation
rates were increased on lignite and gas generation facilities to reflect
investments in emissions control equipment. The net impact of these changes was
a reduction in depreciation expense of an additional $12 million ($8 million
after-tax) in 2004 and $37 million ($24 million after-tax) in 2003.
The
Comanche Peak nuclear-powered generation units were originally estimated to have
a useful life of 40 years, based on the life of the operating licenses granted
by the NRC. Over the last several years, the NRC has granted 20-year extensions
to the initial 40-year terms for several commercial power reactors. Based on
these extensions and current expectations of industry practice, the useful life
of the Comanche Peak nuclear-powered generation units is now estimated to be 60
years. TXU Energy Holdings expects to file a license extension request in
accordance with timing and other provisions established by the NRC.
TXU
Energy Holdings continues to review estimates of depreciable lives and in 2005
expects to adjust composite depreciation rates related to the lignite-fired
facilities, resulting in lower future depreciation expense.
Retirement
and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans— TXU
Energy Holdings is a participating employer in the pension plan sponsored by TXU
Corp. TXU Energy Holdings also participates with TXU Corp. and other
subsidiaries of TXU Corp. to offer health care and life insurance benefits to
eligible employees and their eligible dependents upon the retirement of such
employees. Reported costs of providing noncontributory pension and other
postretirement benefits are dependent upon numerous factors, assumptions and
estimates.
These
costs are impacted by actual employee demographics (including age, compensation
levels and employment periods), the level of contributions made to retiree plans
and earnings on plan assets. TXU Corp.’s retiree plan assets are primarily made
up of equity and fixed income investments. Changes made to the provisions of the
plans may also impact current and future benefit costs. Fluctuations in actual
equity market returns as well as changes in general interest rates may result in
increased or decreased benefit costs in future periods. Benefit costs may also
be significantly affected by changes in key actuarial assumptions, including
anticipated rates of return on plan assets and the discount rates used in
determining the projected benefit obligation.
In
accordance with accounting rules, changes in benefit obligations associated with
these factors may not be immediately recognized as costs on the income
statement, but are recognized in future years over the remaining average service
period of plan participants. As such, significant portions of benefit costs
recorded in any period may not reflect the actual level of cash benefits
provided to plan participants. Costs allocated from the plans are also impacted
by movement of employees between participating companies. TXU Energy
Holdings recorded allocated pension costs and other postretirement benefit costs
and had funding requirements for these plans as summarized in the following
table:
|
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
2002 |
|
Pension
costs under SFAS 87 (a) |
|
$ |
28 |
|
$ |
20 |
|
$ |
3 |
|
Other
postretirement benefit costs under SFAS 106 (a) |
|
|
29
|
|
|
38 |
|
|
29 |
|
Total |
|
$ |
57 |
|
$ |
58 |
|
$ |
32 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Funding
of pension and other postretirement benefit plans |
|
$ |
30 |
|
$ |
29 |
|
$ |
20 |
|
________________
(a) Includes
amounts capitalized as part of construction projects.
Additional
data regarding pension and other postretirement benefit plans:
|
· |
During
2004, the discount rate assumption for the pension and other
postretirement benefit plans was revised as a result of remeasurements
required to be completed by TXU Corp. as a result of the Capgemini
transaction and divestures and changing interest rates. For the first half
of 2004, the discount rate was 6.25%. The rate used for the third quarter
was 6.5%, and the rate used in the fourth quarter was 6.0%. The discount
rate for 2005 is expected to be 6.0%. |
|
· |
During
2004, the expected rate of return remained at 8.5% for the pension plan
assets and 8.01% for the other postretirement benefit plan. The rate of
return for 2005 is expected to be 8.75% for the pension plan and 8.66% for
the other postretirement benefit plan. |
TXU
Electric Delivery and TXU Energy Holdings entered into an agreement, effective
January 1, 2005, whereby on a prospective basis TXU Electric Delivery assumed
responsibility for pension and other postretirement benefit costs for applicable
TXU Energy Holdings’ active and retired employees (i.e., former employees of the
pre-deregulation regulated utility) related to the period prior to the
unbundling of TXU Corp.’s electric utility business and the deregulation of the
Texas electricity industry effective January 1, 2002. TXU Energy Holdings is
currently determining the impact of this agreement to its pension and other
postretirement benefit costs. Although costs are expected to decrease, TXU
Energy Holdings cannot provide a reasonable estimate at this time.
See Note
11 to Financial Statements for additional information on pension and other
postretirement benefit plans.
Stock-based
compensation —
TXU Corp.
grants awards of restricted stock and performance units paid in stock under its
Long Term Incentive Compensation Plan (LTIP). The awards ultimately distributed
are base on the performance of TXU Corp. stock versus peer company stock
performance over a future period (generally three years) and the number of
shares ultimately awarded varies depending upon that relative performance. TXU
Corp. early adopted SFAS 123R in the fourth quarter of 2004, which provides for
the recognition of expense related to LTIP awards based on the grant-date fair
value of those awards. Under the previous accounting rule (APB 25), expense
recognition was based on the current estimate of shares expected to be awarded
and the current market value of shares; consequently, recorded LTIP was subject
to significant volatility. LTIP expense recorded in 2004 under SFAS 123R and
reported in SG&A expenses totaled $25 million. See Note 9 to Financial
Statements.
The
determination of fair value of LTIP awards at grant date is based on valuation
techniques involving a number of assumptions. The more significant assumptions
and the related sensitivities are as follows:
|
Range |
Increase/(Decrease)
in
LTIP expense |
Assumption |
Low |
Base |
High |
Low |
High |
Expected
number of shares distributable per award |
.7
shares |
.8
shares |
.9
shares |
$2 |
$(3) |
Discount
for risk during vesting period |
13% |
15% |
17% |
$1 |
$(1) |
Discount
for liquidation restrictions |
24% |
30% |
36% |
$5 |
$(5) |
RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
Accounting
Changes —
TXU
Energy Holdings participates in the TXU Corp. Long-term Incentive Compensation
Plan. Under this plan, TXU Corp.
grants awards of restricted stock and performance units payable in stock to
management employees. During
2004, TXU Corp. reviewed a number of alternatives with respect to its management
incentive compensation programs, including potential changes to levels and
criteria of awards under the stock-based program. The review is ongoing and
changes are likely for the 2005 awards. In
December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS 123R, which addresses accounting for
stock-based compensation. TXU Corp. elected to early adopt this new standard
because its application better reflects the underlying economic cost of the
awards. TXU Corp. adopted the standard effective with results for the fourth
quarter of 2004 in accordance with the “modified retrospective” transition rules
of the standard. The adoption resulted in the recognition by TXU Energy Holdings
of a cumulative effect of change in accounting principle of a $4 million
after-tax credit. See Note 9 to Financial Statements for additional discussion.
Assuming TXU Corp. had taken no other actions to reduce the expense for the 2004
year, TXU Energy Holdings would have recorded an additional $41 million ($27
after-tax) of expense under the previous accounting rules (APB 25) as compared
to the expense under SFAS 123R.
Sales
Volume and Customer Count Data
|
|
Year
Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
2002 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sales
volumes: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retail
electricity sales volumes (GWh): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Historical
service territory (a): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Residential |
|
|
30,897 |
|
|
34,082 |
|
|
36,967 |
|
Small
business (b) |
|
|
10,476 |
|
|
12,673 |
|
|
15,480 |
|
Total
historical service territory |
|
|
41,373 |
|
|
46,755 |
|
|
52,447 |
|
Other
territories (a): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Residential |
|
|
3,089 |
|
|
1,899 |
|
|
725 |
|
Small
business (b) |
|
|
363 |
|
|
313 |
|
|
427 |
|
Total
other territories |
|
|
3,452 |
|
|
2,212 |
|
|
1,152 |
|
Large
business and other customers |
|
|
25,466 |
|
|
30,955 |
|
|
36,982 |
|
Total
retail electricity |
|
|
70,291 |
|
|
79,922 |
|
|
90,581 |
|
Wholesale
electricity sales volumes |
|
|
48,309 |
|
|
36,809 |
|
|
29,353 |
|
Total
retail and wholesale electricity sales volumes |
|
|
118,600 |
|
|
116,731 |
|
|
119,934 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average
volume (kWh) per retail customer (c): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Residential |
|
|
15,619 |
|
|
15,959 |
|
|
16,272 |
|
Small
business |
|
|
34,095 |
|
|
39,728 |
|
|
47,235 |
|
Large
business and other customers |
|
|
351,542 |
|
|
421,203 |
|
|
450,674 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weather
(service territory average) - percent of normal
(d): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percent
of normal: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cooling
degree days |
|
|
89.9 |
% |
|
95.7 |
% |
|
99.8 |
% |
Heating
degree days |
|
|
89.2 |
% |
|
98.1 |
% |
|
102.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Customer
counts: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retail
electricity customers (end of period and in thousands)
(e): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Historical
service territory (a): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Residential |
|
|
1,951 |
|
|
2,059 |
|
|
2,204 |
|
Small
business (b) |
|
|
309 |
|
|
316 |
|
|
328 |
|
Total
historical service territory |
|
|
2,260 |
|
|
2,375 |
|
|
2,532 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
territories (a): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Residential |
|
|
194 |
|
|
148 |
|
|
98 |
|
Small
business (b) |
|
|
6 |
|
|
5 |
|
|
5 |
|
Total
other territories |
|
|
200 |
|
|
153 |
|
|
103 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Large
business and other customers |
|
|
76 |
|
|
69 |
|
|
78 |
|
Total
retail electricity customers |
|
|
2,536 |
|
|
2,597 |
|
|
2,713 |
|
|
(a) |
Historical
service and other territory data for 2003 and 2002 are best estimates.
|
|
(b) |
Customers
with demand of less than 1 MW annually. |
|
(c) |
Calculated
using average number of customers for period.
|
|
(d) |
Weather
data is obtained from Weatherbank, Inc., an independent company that
collects and archives weather data from reporting stations of the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (a federal agency under the US
Department of Commerce). |
|
(e) |
Based
on number of meters. |
Revenue
and Market Share Data
|
|
Year
Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
2002 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating
revenues (millions of dollars): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retail
electricity revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Historical
service territory (a): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Residential |
|
$ |
3,164 |
|
$ |
3,152 |
|
$ |
3,044 |
|
Small
business (b) |
|
|
1,103 |
|
|
1,213 |
|
|
1,312 |
|
Total
historical service territory |
|
|
4,267 |
|
|
4,365 |
|
|
4,356 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
territories (a): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Residential |
|
|
298 |
|
|
159 |
|
|
64 |
|
Small
business (b) |
|
|
34 |
|
|
25 |
|
|
18 |
|
Total
other territories |
|
|
332 |
|
|
184 |
|
|
82 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Large
business and other customers |
|
|
1,771 |
|
|
1,935 |
|
|
2,085 |
|
Total
retail electricity revenues |
|
|
6,370 |
|
|
6,484 |
|
|
6,523 |
|
Wholesale
electricity revenues |
|
|
1,886 |
|
|
1,258 |
|
|
841 |
|
Hedging
and risk management activities |
|
|
(103 |
) |
|
30 |
|
|
147 |
|
Other
revenues |
|
|
342 |
|
|
214 |
|
|
167 |
|
Total
operating revenues |
|
$ |
8,495 |
|
$ |
7,986 |
|
$ |
7,678 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hedging
and risk management activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
unrealized mark-to-market losses |
|
$ |
(109 |
) |
$ |
(100 |
) |
$ |
(113 |
) |
Realized
gains |
|
|
6 |
|
|
130 |
|
|
260 |
|
Total |
|
$ |
(103 |
) |
$ |
30 |
|
$ |
147 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average
revenues per MWh: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Residential |
|
$ |
101.88 |
|
$ |
92.02 |
|
$ |
82.44 |
|
Small
business |
|
$ |
104.87 |
|
$ |
95.38 |
|
$ |
81.75 |
|
Large
business and other customers |
|
$ |
69.54 |
|
$ |
62.51 |
|
$ |
56.93 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Estimated
share of ERCOT retail markets (c): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Historical
service territory (a): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Residential
(d) |
|
|
81 |
% |
|
86 |
% |
|
95 |
% |
Small
business (d) |
|
|
78 |
% |
|
82 |
% |
|
89 |
% |
Total
ERCOT: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Residential |
|
|
44 |
% |
|
46 |
% |
|
49 |
% |
Small
business |
|
|
31 |
% |
|
32 |
% |
|
35 |
% |
Large
business and other customers |
|
|
33 |
% |
|
37 |
% |
|
43 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
__________________________
(a) Historical
service and other territory data for 2003 and 2002 are best
estimates.
(b) Customers
with demand of less than 1 MW annually.
(c) Based on
number of meters, except large business which is based upon annualized
consumption.
(d) Estimated
market share is based on the number of customers that have choice.
Cost
of Energy Sold Data
|
|
Year
Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
2002 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fuel
and purchased power costs (cost of energy sold) per
MWh: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nuclear
generation |
|
$ |
4.31 |
|
$ |
4.49 |
|
$ |
4.61 |
|
Lignite/coal
generation |
|
$ |
12.96 |
|
$ |
12.53 |
|
$ |
12.65 |
|
Gas/oil
generation and purchased power |
|
$ |
47.95 |
|
$ |
46.12 |
|
$ |
34.06 |
|
Average
total electricity supply |
|
$ |
29.02 |
|
$ |
28.73 |
|
$ |
23.61 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Delivery
fees per MWh |
|
$ |
21.75 |
|
$ |
18.93 |
|
$ |
19.45 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Production
and purchased power volumes (GWh): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nuclear
(baseload) |
|
|
18,979 |
|
|
17,717 |
|
|
16,557 |
|
Lignite/coal
(baseload) |
|
|
42,339 |
|
|
41,311 |
|
|
38,181 |
|
Gas/oil |
|
|
4,726 |
|
|
13,250 |
|
|
19,572 |
|
Purchased
power |
|
|
56,007 |
|
|
49,915 |
|
|
50,546 |
|
Total
energy supply |
|
|
122,051 |
|
|
122,193 |
|
|
124,856 |
|
Less
line loss and other |
|
|
3,451 |
|
|
5,462 |
|
|
4,922 |
|
Net
energy supply volumes |
|
|
118,600 |
|
|
116,731 |
|
|
119,934 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Baseload
capacity factors (%): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nuclear |
|
|
94.3 |
% |
|
88.1 |
% |
|
82.2 |
% |
Lignite/coal |
|
|
86.2 |
% |
|
84.7 |
% |
|
78.0 |
% |
TXU
Energy Holdings
2004
compared to 2003
Operating
revenues increased $509 million, or 6%, to $8.5 billion in 2004. Retail
electricity revenues decreased $114 million, or 2%, to $6.4 billion. This
decline reflected a $781 million decrease attributable to a 12% drop in sales
volumes, driven by the effect of competitive activity and milder weather
primarily in the summer, partially offset by a $667 million increase due to
higher average pricing. Lower business market volumes also reflected a strategy
to target higher margin customer segments. Higher pricing reflected increased
price-to-beat rates, reflecting regulatory-approved fuel factor increases and
higher pricing in the competitive business market, both resulting from higher
natural gas prices. Retail electricity customer counts at December 31, 2004
declined 2.3% from December 31, 2003. Wholesale electricity revenues grew $628
million, or 50%, to $1.9 billion reflecting a $393 million increase attributable
to a 31% rise in sales volumes and a $235 million increase due to the effect of
increased natural gas prices on wholesale prices. Higher wholesale electricity
sales volumes reflected, principally during the first half of the year, the
establishment of the new northeast zone in ERCOT. Because TXU Energy Holdings
has a generation plant and a relatively small retail customer base in the new
zone, wholesale sales volumes increased, and wholesale power purchases also
increased to meet retail sales demand in other zones and minimize congestion
costs. Completion of transmission projects later in the year reduced congestion
costs, resulting in normalized sales and purchase volumes. The increase in
wholesale sales volumes also reflected a partial shift in TXU Energy Holdings’
customer base from retail to wholesale services, particularly in the business
market.
Net
results from hedging and risk management activities, which are reported in
revenues and include both realized and unrealized gains and losses, declined
$133 million from a net gain of $30 million in 2003 to a net loss of $103
million in 2004. Results from these activities included the net effect of
recording unrealized gains and losses under mark-to-market accounting, versus
settlement accounting, of $109 million in net losses in 2004 and $100 million in
net losses in 2003. Because the hedging activities are intended to mitigate the
risk of commodity price movements on revenues and cost of energy sold, the
changes in such results should not be viewed in isolation, but rather taken
together with the effects of pricing and cost changes on gross margin. The
decline included $22 million in mark-to-market losses associated with required
2004 capacity auctions, $19 million in increased reserves, primarily reflecting
the release in 2003 of liquidity reserves related to retail contracts settled
and $26 million of increased cash flow accounting hedge ineffectiveness. The
comparison also reflected $34 million of gas storage and retail gas business
margin in 2003, primarily related to businesses sold in late 2003, and $18
million due to a favorable settlement with a counterparty in 2003. The majority
of TXU Energy Holdings’ natural gas physical sales and purchases are in the
wholesale markets and essentially represent hedging activities. These activities
are accounted for on a net basis with the exception of retail sales to business
customers, which effective October 1, 2003 are reported gross in accordance with
new accounting rules and totaled $126 million in revenues for the first nine
months of 2004. The increase in other revenues of $128 million to $342 million
in 2004 was primarily driven by this change.
Gross
Margin
|
|
|
|
Year
Ended |
|
|
|
December
31, |
|
|
|
2004 |
|
%
of Revenue |
|
2003 |
|
%
of Revenue |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating
revenues |
|
$ |
8,495 |
|
|
100 |
% |
$ |
7,986 |
|
|
100 |
% |
Costs
and expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost
of energy sold and delivery fees |
|
|
5,265 |
|
|
62 |
% |
|
5,117 |
|
|
64 |
% |
Operating
costs |
|
|
704 |
|
|
8 |
% |
|
685 |
|
|
8 |
% |
Depreciation
and amortization |
|
|
327 |
|
|
4 |
% |
|
368 |
|
|
5 |
% |
Gross
margin |
|
$ |
2,199 |
|
|
26 |
% |
$ |
1,816 |
|
|
23 |
% |
Gross
margin is considered a key operating metric as it measures the effect of changes
in sales volumes and pricing versus the variable and fixed costs of energy sold,
whether generated or purchased, as well as the variable and fixed costs to
deliver energy.
Gross
margin increased $383 million, or 21%, to $2.2 billion in 2004. Higher gross
margin reflected initiatives taken to respond to higher natural gas prices,
including retail pricing actions and more cost effective sourcing of power. The
gross margin increase reflected higher retail and wholesale prices partially
offset by the effect of lower retail volumes, lower results from hedging and
risk management activities and increased delivery fees. The average cost per MWh
of power produced and purchased was about even with 2003, as higher purchased
power costs due to rising natural gas prices were largely offset by lower cost
of power produced due to reduced utilization of high heat rate gas-fired
generation and higher lignite and nuclear facility output. Delivery fees
increased on a per MWh basis due to a lower retail clawback credit applied to
delivery fees in 2004 compared to the excess mitigation credit applied in 2003,
as well as increased transition charges related to the issuance of regulatory
asset securitization bonds by TXU Electric Delivery.
Operating
costs increased $19 million, or 3%, to $704 million in 2004. The increase
reflected $30 million in incremental testing, inspection and component repair
costs associated with the planned outage for refueling at the nuclear facility
and planned lignite/coal plant outages, $11 million in higher incentive
compensation expense, an increase of $4 million in ad valorem taxes due to
higher gas prices and a $4 million increase in property insurance premiums.
Operating costs reflected a decline of $16 million related to customer care
support services previously provided to TXU Gas (largely offset by lower related
revenues), and $14 million due to the absence of the gas transportation
subsidiary sold in June 2004 (largely offset by higher costs of energy sold
related to gas-fired production).
Depreciation
and amortization (including amounts shown in the gross margin table above)
decreased $57 million, or 14%, to $350 million. The decrease was driven by
extensions of estimated average depreciable lives of lignite and nuclear
generation facilities’ assets to better reflect their useful lives, partially
offset by the effect of mining activity and the related asset retirement
obligation and the effect of the transfer of information technology assets,
principally capitalized software, to a TXU Corp. affiliate in connection with
the Capgemini transaction. Depreciation and amortization included in gross
margin represents depreciation of assets directly used in the generation of
electricity.
SG&A
expenses increased by $31 million, or 5%, to $667 million reflecting $72 million
in higher incentive compensation expense due to improved performance of the
business and achievement of certain targets related to trading activities,
partially offset by $24 million in lower bad debt expense reflecting stricter
disconnect policies, more focused collection activities, targeted customer
marketing and lower accounts receivable balances, $8 million from various cost
reduction initiatives and $4 million in reduced marketing costs outside the
historical service territory.
Other
income increased by $62 million to $110 million in 2004. Other income in 2004
included $58 million of the remaining unamortized gain on the 2002 sale of two
generation plants recognized as a result of the termination of an existing power
purchase and tolling agreement discussed above under “Business Restructuring and
Other Actions” and a $19 million gain on the sale of undeveloped land. Other
income in both 2004 and 2003 reflected $30 million in amortization of the gain
on the 2002 sale of two generation plants. The 2003 period also included a $9
million gain on the sale of contracts related to retail gas activities outside
of Texas.
Other
deductions increased $588 million to $610 million in 2004. Other deductions in
2004 consist largely of $180 million in lease-related charges primarily related
to generation and mining assets taken, or to be taken, out of service, $107
million in software write-offs, $107 million for employee severance, $101
million in termination costs for an existing power purchase and tolling
agreement and $79 million for spare parts inventory writedowns, all discussed
above under “Business Restructuring and Other Actions.”
Interest
income increased by $23 million to $31 million in 2004 primarily due to higher
average advances to affiliates.
Interest
expense and related charges increased by $30 million, or 9%, to $353 million in
2004. The increase reflected $40 million due to higher average debt levels and
$12 million representing higher interest reimbursement to TXU Electric Delivery
for carrying costs related to securitized regulatory assets, partially offset by
$21 million due to lower average interest rates.
The
effective income tax rate decreased to 28.4% in 2004 from 31.7% in 2003 driven
by the effects of ongoing tax benefits of depletion allowances and amortization
of investment tax credits on a lower income base in 2004.
Income
from continuing operations before cumulative effect of changes in accounting
principles decreased $89 million to $408 million in 2004, reflecting the net
restructuring related charges reported in other deductions and other income and
higher SG&A expenses, partially offset by the higher gross margin. Net
pension and postretirement benefit costs reduced net income by $36 million in
both 2004 and 2003.
Loss from
discontinued operations (see Note 4 to Financial Statements) was $34 million in
2004 compared to $18 million in 2003. The 2004 loss reflected a $17 million
after-tax impairment charge related to the Pedricktown, New Jersey generation
facility, a $6 million after-tax charge to settle a contract dispute in the
strategic retail services business and $6 million after-tax in costs to complete
various strategic retail services contracts.
2003
compared to 2002
Effective
with reporting for 2003, results for the TXU Energy Holdings segment exclude
expenses incurred by the US Holdings parent company in order to present the
segment on the same basis as the results of the business are evaluated by
management. Prior year amounts are presented on this revised basis.
Operating
revenues increased $308 million, or 4%, to $8.0 billion in 2003. Total retail
and wholesale electricity revenues rose $378 million, or 5%, to $7.7 billion.
This growth reflected higher retail and wholesale pricing, partially offset by
the effects of a mix shift to lower-price wholesale sales and a 3% decline in
total sales volumes. Retail electricity revenues decreased $39 million, or 1%,
to $6.5 billion reflecting a $768 million decline attributable to a 12% drop in
sales volumes, driven by the effect of competitive activity in the business
market, largely offset by a $730 million increase due to higher pricing. Higher
prices reflected increased price-to-beat rates, due to approved fuel factor
increases, and higher contract pricing in the competitive large business market,
both resulting from higher natural gas prices. Retail electricity customer
counts declined 4.3% from year-end 2002. Wholesale electricity revenues grew
$417 million, or 50%, to $1.3 billion reflecting a $223 million increase
attributable to a 25% rise in sales volumes and a $194 million increase due to
the effect of increased natural gas prices on wholesale prices. Higher wholesale
electricity sales volumes reflected a partial shift in the customer base from
retail to wholesale services, particularly in the business market.
Net gains
from hedging and risk management activities, which are reported in revenues and
include both realized and unrealized gains and losses, declined $117 million to
$30 million in 2003. Changes in these results reflect market price movements on
commodity contracts entered into to hedge gross margin; the comparison to 2002
also reflects a decline in activities in markets outside of Texas. Because the
hedging activities are intended to mitigate the risk of commodity price
movements on revenues and cost of energy sold, the changes in such results
should not be viewed in isolation, but rather taken together with the effects of
pricing and cost changes on gross margin. Results from these activities include
net unrealized losses arising from mark-to-market accounting of $100 million in
2003 and $113 million in 2002. The majority of TXU Energy Holdings’ natural gas
physical sales and purchases are in the wholesale markets and essentially
represent hedging activities. These activities are accounted for on a net basis
with the exception of retail sales to business customers, which effective
October 1, 2003 are reported gross in accordance with new accounting rules and
totaled $39 million in revenues since that date. The increase in other revenues
of $47 million to $214 million in 2003 was driven by this change.
Gross
Margin
|
|
|
|
Year
Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2003 |
|
%
of Revenue |
|
2002 |
|
%
of Revenue |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating
revenues |
|
$ |
7,986 |
|
|
100 |
% |
$ |
7,678 |
|
|
100 |
% |
Costs
and expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost
of energy sold and delivery fees |
|
|
5,117 |
|
|
64 |
% |
|
4,771 |
|
|
62 |
% |
Operating
costs |
|
|
685 |
|
|
9 |
% |
|
698 |
|
|
9 |
% |
Depreciation
and amortization |
|
|
368 |
|
|
4 |
% |
|
408 |
|
|
5 |
% |
Gross
margin |
|
$ |
1,816 |
|
|
23 |
% |
$ |
1,801 |
|
|
24 |
% |
The
depreciation and amortization expense reported in the gross margin amounts above
excluded $39 million and $42 million of such expense for the years ended
December 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively, related to assets that are not
directly used in the generation of electricity.
Gross
margin increased $15 million, or 1%, to $1.8 billion in 2003. The gross margin
comparison was favorably impacted by $197 million due to regulatory-related
retail clawback accrual adjustments (a $185 million charge in 2002 and a $12
million credit in 2003), as described in Note 14 to Financial Statements, and
$53 million in lower operating costs and depreciation and amortization.
Adjusting for these effects, margin declined $235 million, driven by the effect
of lower retail sales volumes. The combined effect of higher costs of energy
sold and lower results from hedging and risk management activities was
essentially offset by higher sales prices. Higher costs of energy sold were
driven by higher natural gas prices, but were mitigated by increased sourcing of
retail and wholesale sales demand from TXU Energy Holdings’ baseload
(nuclear-powered and coal-fired) generation plants. Baseload supply of sales
demand increased by five percentage points to 51% in 2003. The balance of sales
demand in 2003 was met with gas-fired generation and purchased power.
Operating
costs decreased $13 million, or 2%, to $685 million in 2003. The decline
reflected $20 million due to one scheduled outage for nuclear generation unit
refueling and maintenance in 2003 compared to two in 2002 and $15 million from
various cost reduction initiatives, partially offset by $27 million in higher
employee benefits and insurance costs.
Depreciation
and amortization (including amounts shown in the gross margin table above)
decreased $43 million, or 10%, to $407 million largely due to the effect of
adjusted depreciation rates related to the generation fleet effective April
2003. The adjusted rates reflect an extension in the estimated average
depreciable life of the nuclear generation facility’s assets of approximately 11
years (to 2041) to better reflect its useful life, partially offset by higher
depreciation rates for lignite and gas facilities to reflect investments in
emissions equipment made in recent years.
SG&A
expenses declined $138 million, or 18%, to $636 million in 2003. Lower staffing
and related administrative expenses contributed approximately $95 million to the
decrease, reflecting cost reduction and productivity enhancing initiatives and a
focus on activities in the Texas market. Lower SG&A expenses also reflected
a $40 million decline in bad debt expense. In the retail electricity business,
the effect of enhanced credit and collection activities was largely offset by
increased write-offs arising from disconnections now allowed under new
regulatory rules and increased churn of non-paying customers. The decrease in
bad debt expense primarily reflected the wind down of retail gas (business
customer supply) activities outside of Texas and the recording of related
reserves in 2002.
Other
income increased $15 million to $48 million in 2003. Other income in both
periods included approximately $30 million of amortization of a gain on the sale
of two generation plants in 2002. The 2003 period also included a $9 million
gain on the sale of contracts related to retail gas activities outside of Texas.
Other
deductions decreased $232 million to $22 million in 2003, reflecting a $237
million ($154 million after-tax) writedown in 2002 of an investment in two
generation plant construction projects. In addition, both periods include
several individually immaterial items.
Interest
expense and related charges increased $108 million, or 50%, to $323 million in
2003. The increase reflected $108 million due to higher average interest rates
as short-term borrowings were replaced with higher-rate long-term financing. An
$11 million full-year effect of the amortization of the discount on the
exchangeable subordinated notes issued in 2002 (subsequently exchanged by TXU
Energy Holdings for exchangeable preferred membership interests), was largely
offset by the effect of lower average short-term debt levels.
The
effective income tax rate increased to 31.7% in 2003 from 26.7% in 2002. The
increase was driven by the effect of comparable (to 2002) tax benefit amounts of
depletion allowances and amortization of investment tax credits on a higher
income base in 2003. (See Note 10 for analysis of the effective tax rate.)
Income
from continuing operations before cumulative effect of changes in accounting
principles increased $175 million, or 54%, to $497 million in 2003. Results in
2002 included impairment charges related to generation plant construction
projects and an accrual for retail clawback of $154 million after-tax and $120
million after-tax, respectively. Excluding these items, earnings declined on
gross margin compression due to lower retail sales volumes as well as higher
interest expense, partially offset by lower SG&A expenses. Net pension and
postretirement benefit costs reduced net income by $36 million in 2003 and by
$21 million in 2002.
Energy-Related
Commodity Contracts and Mark-to-Market Activities
The table
below summarizes the changes in commodity
contract assets and liabilities for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and
2002. The net changes in these assets and liabilities, excluding “cumulative
effect of change in accounting principle” and “other activity” as described
below, represent the net effect of recording unrealized gains/(losses) under
mark-to-market accounting for positions in the commodity contract portfolio.
These positions consist largely of economic hedge transactions, with speculative
trading representing a small fraction of the activity.
|
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
2002 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance
of net commodity contract assets at beginning of year |
|
$ |
108 |
|
$ |
316 |
|
$ |
371 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cumulative
effect of change in accounting principle (1) |
|
|
─ |
|
|
(75 |
) |
|
─ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Settlements
of positions included in the opening balance (2) |
|
|
(59 |
) |
|
(145 |
) |
|
(225 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unrealized
mark-to-market valuations of positions held at end of period (3)
|
|
|
(31 |
) |
|
9 |
|
|
153 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
activity (4) |
|
|
5 |
|
|
3 |
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance
of net commodity contract assets at end of year |
|
$ |
23 |
|
$ |
108 |
|
$ |
316 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
__________________________
(1) Represents
a portion of the pre-tax cumulative effect of the rescission of EITF 98-10 (see
Note 3 to Financial Statements).
(2) Represents
unrealized mark-to-market valuations of these positions recognized in earnings
as of the beginning of the period.
(3) There
were no significant changes in fair value attributable to changes in valuation
techniques. Includes $14 million in origination gains recognized in 2002 related
to nonderivative wholesale contracts.
(4) Includes
initial values of positions involving the receipt or payment of cash or other
consideration, such as option premiums, the amortization of such values and
reflects the exit of certain retail gas activities in 2003. Also reflects $71
million of contract-related liabilities to Enron Corporation reclassified to
other current liabilities in 2002. These activities have no effect on unrealized
mark-to-market valuations.
The
decline in net commodity contract assets over the last three years reflects an
accounting rule change issued in 2003 that limited mark-to-market accounting to
agreements that met the definition of a derivative. Certain energy contracts
previously marked-to-market were not derivatives (see Note 2 to Financial
Statements). The decline also reflected reduced trading activities following the
sale of retail gas operations outside of Texas in 2003 and the appropriate use
of normal and cash flow hedge designations in the remaining contract portfolio.
In
addition to the net effect of recording unrealized mark-to-market gains and
losses that are reflected in changes in commodity contract assets and
liabilities, similar effects arise in the recording of unrealized
ineffectiveness mark-to-market gains and losses associated with
commodity-related cash flow hedges. These effects are reflected in the balance
sheet as changes in cash flow hedge and other derivative assets and liabilities.
The total net effect of recording unrealized gains and losses under
mark-to-market accounting is summarized as follows (excludes cumulative effect
of change in accounting principle):
|
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
2002 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unrealized
gains/(losses) in mark-to-market commodity contract portfolio |
|
$ |
(90 |
) |
$ |
(136 |
) |
$ |
(72 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ineffectiveness
gains/(losses) related to cash flow hedges |
|
|
(19 |
) |
|
36 |
|
|
(41 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
unrealized gains/(losses) associated with energy-related |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
commodity
contracts |
|
$ |
(109 |
) |
$ |
(100 |
) |
$ |
(113 |
) |
These
amounts are included in the “hedging and risk management activities” component
of revenues as presented in the TXU Energy Holdings segment data.
As a
result of guidance provided in EITF 02-3, TXU Energy Holdings has not
recognized origination gains on energy contracts in 2003 or 2004. TXU Energy
Holdings recognized origination gains on retail sales contracts of $40 million
in 2002. Because of the short-term nature of these contracts, a portion of these
gains would have been recognized on a settlement basis in the year the
origination gain was recorded.
Maturity
Table — Of the
net commodity contract asset balance above at December 31, 2004, the amount
representing unrealized mark-to-market net gains that have been recognized in
current and prior years’ earnings is $31 million. The offsetting net liability
of $8 million included in the December 31, 2004 balance sheet is comprised
principally of amounts representing current and prior years’ net receipts of
cash or other consideration, including option premiums, associated with contract
positions, net of any amortization. The following table presents the unrealized
mark-to-market balance at December 31, 2004, scheduled by contractual settlement
dates of the underlying positions.
|
|
Maturity
dates of unrealized net mark-to-market balances at December 31,
2004 |
|
Source
of fair value |
|
Maturity
less than
1
year |
|
Maturity
of
1-3
years |
|
Maturity
of
4-5
years |
|
Maturity
in
Excess
of
5
years |
|
Total |
|
Prices
actively quoted |
|
$ |
59 |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
59 |
|
Prices
provided by other |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
external
sources |
|
|
─ |
|
|
(38 |
) |
|
8 |
|
|
(3 |
) |
|
(33 |
) |
Prices
based on models |
|
|
5 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
|
5 |
|
Total |
|
$ |
64 |
|
$ |
(38 |
) |
$ |
8 |
|
$ |
(3 |
) |
$ |
31 |
|
Percentage
of total fair value |
|
|
207 |
% |
|
(123 |
)% |
|
26 |
% |
|
(10 |
)% |
|
100 |
% |
As the
above table indicates, 84% of the unrealized mark-to-market valuations at
December 31, 2004 mature within three years. This is reflective of the terms of
the positions and the methodologies employed in valuing positions for periods
where there is less market liquidity and visibility. The “prices actively
quoted” category reflects only exchange traded contracts with active quotes
available. The “prices provided by other external sources” category represents
forward commodity positions at locations for which over-the-counter broker
quotes are available. Over-the-counter quotes for power and natural gas
generally extend through 2005 and 2010, respectively. The “prices based on
models” category contains the value of all non-exchange traded options, valued
using industry accepted option pricing models. In addition, this category
contains other contractual arrangements which may have both forward and option
components. In many instances, these contracts can be broken down into their
component parts and modeled as simple forwards and options based on prices
actively quoted. As the modeled value is ultimately the result of a combination
of prices from two or more different instruments, it has been included in this
category.
COMPREHENSIVE
INCOME — Continuing Operations
Cash flow
hedge activity reported in other comprehensive income from continuing operations
included:
|
|
Year
Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
2002 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
flow hedge activity (net of tax): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
change in fair value of hedges - gains/(losses): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commodities |
|
$ |
(86 |
) |
$ |
(137 |
) |
$ |
(96 |
) |
Financing
- interest rate swaps |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
|
(63 |
) |
|
|
|
(86 |
) |
|
(137 |
) |
|
(159 |
) |
Losses
realized in earnings (net of tax): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commodities |
|
|
32 |
|
|
162 |
|
|
15 |
|
Financing
- interest rate swaps |
|
|
6 |
|
|
5 |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
38 |
|
|
167 |
|
|
17 |
|
Effect
of cash flow hedges reported in comprehensive results related
to |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
continuing
operations |
|
$ |
48 |
|
$ |
30 |
|
$ |
(142 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TXU
Energy Holdings has historically used, and expects to continue to use,
derivative financial instruments that are highly effective in offsetting future
cash flow volatility in interest rates and energy commodity prices. The amounts
included in accumulated other comprehensive income are expected to offset the
impact of rate or price changes on forecasted transactions. Amounts in
accumulated other comprehensive income include (i) the value of the cash flow
hedges (for the effective portion), based on current market conditions and (ii)
the value of dedesignated and terminated cash flow hedges at the time of such
dedesignation, less amortization, providing the transaction that was hedged is
still probable. The effects of the hedge will be recorded in the statement of
income as the hedged transactions are actually settled.
Other
comprehensive income also included adjustments related to minimum pension
liabilities. Minimum pension liability adjustments were a gain of $11 million
($7 million after-tax) in 2004, a gain of $37 million ($25 million after-tax) in
2003 and a loss of $60 million ($39 million after-tax) in 2002. The gain in 2003
reflected the impact of improved returns on plan assets. The minimum pension
liability represents the difference between the excess of the accumulated
benefit obligation over the plans’ assets and the liability in the balance
sheet. The recording of the liability did not affect TXU Energy Holdings’
financial covenants in any of its credit agreements.
Gains and
losses on cash flow hedges are realized in earnings as the underlying hedged
transactions are settled.
See also
Note 13 to Financial Statements.
FINANCIAL
CONDITION
LIQUIDITY
AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Cash
Flows —
Cash
flows provided by operating activities for 2004 decreased $251 million to $1.1
billion compared to 2003. The decrease reflected unfavorable working capital
(accounts receivable, accounts payable and inventories) changes of $275 million
(including $93 million in decreased funding under the accounts receivable sale
program), $126 million in higher tax payments and $77 million in higher interest
payments, partially offset by the effect of $102 million in 2003 payments
related to counterparty default events and the termination and liquidation of
outstanding positions and improved earnings in 2004 after adjusting for noncash
unusual charges. The
unfavorable working capital changes were due largely to the effect of higher
collections in 2003 following billing delays experienced during the transition
to competition.
Cash
flows provided by operating activities in 2003 increased to $1.4 billion
compared to $994 million in 2002. The increase in cash flows provided by
operating activities of $375 million, or 38%, reflected favorable working
capital changes of $524 million, partially offset by payments of $102 million
related to counterparty default events and the termination and liquidation of
outstanding positions. The improved working capital primarily reflected the
effect of billing and collection delays in 2002, due to data compilation and
reconciliation issues among ERCOT and the market participants in the newly
deregulated market, and includes $75 million in increased funding under the
accounts receivable sale program.
Cash
flows used in financing activities for 2004 were $700 million compared to $1.7
billion for 2003 and $407 million for 2002. The activity in 2004 primarily
reflected distributions to US Holdings of $700 million and repayments of
advances to affiliates of $363 million, partially offset by net cash provided by
net issuances and repayments of borrowings including premiums and discounts of
$365 million. The activity in 2003 reflected repayments of advances to
affiliates of $1.6 billion and distributions to US Holdings of $750 million,
partially offset by net cash provided by net issuances and repayments of
borrowings including premiums and discounts of $791 million. The activity in
2002 reflected distributions to US Holdings of $777 million and cash used by net
issuances and repayments of borrowings including premiums and discounts of $619
million, partially offset by advances from affiliates of $1.2 billion.
Cash
flows used in investing activities were $341 million in 2004 and $202 million in
2003. Investing activities provided cash flows of $36 million in 2002. Capital
expenditures, including nuclear fuel, totaled $368 million in 2004, $207 million
in 2003 and $336 million in 2002. The $161 million increase in capital
expenditures in 2004 was driven by increased spending on generation projects and
security improvements. Proceeds from the sale of land provided $29 million in
2004 and the sale of certain retail commercial and industrial gas operations
provided $14 million in 2003. Proceeds from asset sales in 2002 of $443 million
reflected the sale of two generation plants in Texas.
Financing
Activities
Capital
Resources —Over the next twelve months, TXU Energy Holdings and
its subsidiaries will need to fund ongoing working capital requirements and
maturities of debt. TXU Energy Holdings and its subsidiaries have funded or
intend to fund these requirements through cash on hand, cash flows from
operations, short-term credit facilities and the issuance of long-term debt or
other securities.
Long-term
Debt Activity — During
the year ended December 31, 2004, TXU Energy Holdings and its subsidiaries
issued, reacquired, or made scheduled principal payments on long-term debt as
follows:
|
|
Issuances |
|
Retirements |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pollution
control revenue bonds |
|
|
— |
|
|
222 |
|
Senior
notes |
|
|
800 |
|
|
400 |
|
Other
long-term debt |
|
|
— |
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$ |
800 |
|
$ |
630 |
|
See Note
7 to Financial Statements for further detail of debt issuance and retirements,
financing arrangements and capitalization.
Credit
Facilities — At March
7, 2005, TXU Energy Holdings had access to credit facilities totaling $3.0
billion of which $2.2 billion was unused. These credit facilities are used for
working capital and general corporate purposes and to support issuances of
letters of credit. In January 2005, TXU Corp.’s $425 million credit facility was
terminated and $419 of related outstanding letters of credit were effectively
transferred to other facilities of TXU Energy Holdings. See Note 6 to Financial
Statements for details of the arrangements.
Capitalization — The
capitalization ratios of TXU Energy Holdings at December 31, 2004, consisted of
long-term debt (less amounts due currently) of 44.0%, preferred membership
interests held by TXU Corp. (net of unamortized discount balance of $239
million) of 7.0% and common membership interests of 49.0%.
Short-term
Borrowings — At
December 31, 2004, TXU Energy Holdings had outstanding short-term borrowings
consisting of bank borrowings of $210 million at a weighted average interest
rate of 5.25%. At December 31, 2003, TXU Energy Holdings had no outstanding
short-term borrowings.
Sale
of Receivables — TXU
Corp. has established an accounts receivable securitization program. The
activity under this program is accounted for as a sale of accounts receivable in
accordance with SFAS 140. Under the program, subsidiaries of TXU Corp.
(originators) sell trade accounts receivable to TXU Receivables Company, a
consolidated wholly-owned bankruptcy remote direct subsidiary of TXU Corp.,
which sells undivided interests in the purchased accounts receivable for cash to
special purpose entities established by financial institutions. All new trade
receivables under the program generated by the originators are continuously
purchased by TXU Receivables Company with the proceeds from collections of
receivables previously purchased. Funding to TXU Energy Holdings under the
program totaled $411 million and $504 million at December 31, 2004 and 2003,
respectively. See Note 6 to Financial Statements for a more complete description
of the program including the financial impact on earnings and cash flows for the
periods presented and the contingencies that could result in termination of the
program.
Restricted
Cash — See
discussion in Note 16 to Financial Statements.
Credit
Ratings — Current
credit ratings for TXU Corp. and certain of its subsidiaries are presented
below:
|
TXU
Corp. |
US
Holdings |
TXU
Electric Delivery |
TXU
Electric Delivery |
TXU
Energy Holdings |
|
(Senior
Unsecured) |
(Senior
Unsecured) |
(Secured) |
(Senior
Unsecured) |
(Senior
Unsecured) |
S&P |
BBB- |
BBB- |
BBB |
BBB- |
BBB |
Moody’s |
Ba1 |
Baa3 |
Baa1 |
Baa2 |
Baa2 |
Fitch |
BBB- |
BBB- |
A-/BBB+ |
BBB+ |
BBB |
TXU
Electric Delivery’s first mortgage bonds are rated A- and its senior secured
notes are rated BBB+ by Fitch. Moody’s and Fitch currently maintain a stable
outlook for TXU Corp., US Holdings, TXU Energy Holdings and TXU Electric
Delivery. S&P currently maintains a negative outlook for each such entity.
These
ratings are investment grade, except for Moody’s rating of TXU Corp.’s senior
unsecured debt, which is one notch below investment grade.
A rating
reflects only the view of a rating agency, and is not a recommendation to buy,
sell or hold securities. Any rating can be revised upward or downward at any
time by a rating agency if such rating agency decides that circumstances warrant
such a change.
Financial
Covenants, Credit Rating Provisions and Cross Default
Provisions — The
terms of certain financing arrangements of TXU Energy Holdings contain financial
covenants that require maintenance of specified fixed charge coverage ratios and
leverage ratios and/or contain minimum net worth covenants. As of December 31,
2004, TXU Energy Holdings was in compliance with all such applicable covenants
were complied with.
Material
Credit Rating Covenants
TXU
Energy Holdings has provided a guarantee of the obligations under TXU Corp.’s
lease of its headquarters building (approximately $120 million at December 31,
2004). In the event of a downgrade of TXU Energy Holdings’ credit rating to
below investment grade, a letter of credit would need to be provided within 30
days of any such rating decline.
TXU
Energy Holdings has entered into certain commodity contracts and lease
arrangements that in some instances give the other party the right, but not the
obligation, to request TXU Energy Holdings to post collateral in the event that
its credit rating falls below investment grade. Based on its current commodity
contract positions, if TXU Energy Holdings were downgraded to below investment
grade by specified rating agencies, counterparties would have the option to
request TXU Energy Holdings to post additional collateral of up to approximately
$181 million at December 31, 2004. The amount TXU Energy Holdings could be
required to post under these transactions depends in part on the value of the
contracts at that time.
Under the
terms of leases aggregating $154 million in remaining lease payments, if TXU
Energy Holdings’ credit rating were downgraded to below investment grade by any
specified rating agency, TXU Energy Holdings could be required to sell the
assets, assign the leases to a new obligor that is investment grade, post a
letter of credit or defease the leases.
ERCOT
also has rules in place to assure adequate credit worthiness for parties that
schedule power on the ERCOT System. Under those rules, if TXU Energy Holdings’
credit rating were downgraded to below investment grade by any specified rating
agency, TXU Energy Holdings could be required to post collateral of
approximately $46 million.
Other
arrangements of TXU Corp., including credit facilities, contain terms pursuant
to which the interest rates charged under the agreements may be adjusted
depending on the credit ratings of TXU Corp. or its subsidiaries.
Material
Cross Default Provisions
Certain
financing arrangements contain provisions that would result in an event of
default if there were a failure under other financing arrangements to meet
payment terms or to observe other covenants that would result in an acceleration
of payments due. Such provisions are referred to as “cross default” provisions.
A default
by TXU Energy Holdings or TXU Electric Delivery or any subsidiary thereof in
respect of indebtedness in a principal amount in excess of $50 million would
result in a cross default under the $2.5 billion joint credit facilities
expiring in June 2005, 2007 and 2009. Under these credit facilities, a default
by TXU Energy Holdings or any subsidiary thereof would cause the maturity of
outstanding balances under such facility to be accelerated as to TXU Energy
Holdings but not as to TXU Electric Delivery. Also, under this credit facility,
a default by TXU Electric Delivery or any subsidiary thereof would cause the
maturity of outstanding balances under such facility to be accelerated as to TXU
Electric Delivery but not as to TXU Energy Holdings.
A default
by US Holdings or any subsidiary thereof on financing arrangements of $50
million or more would result in a cross default under the TXU Mining (a
subsidiary of TXU Energy Holdings) $30 million senior notes agreement, which has
a $1 million cross default threshold.
TXU
Energy Holdings has entered into certain mining and related equipment leasing
arrangements aggregating $68 million that would terminate upon the default of
any other obligations of TXU Energy Holdings owed to the lessor.
The
accounts receivable securitization program also contains a cross default
provision with a threshold of $50 million applicable to each of the originators
under the program. TXU Receivables Company and TXU Business Services Company
each have a cross default threshold of $50 thousand. If either an originator,
TXU Business Services or TXU Receivables Company defaults on indebtedness of the
applicable threshold, the facility could terminate.
TXU
Energy Holdings enters into energy-related and financial contracts, the master
forms of which contain provisions whereby an event of default or acceleration of
settlement would occur if TXU Energy Holdings were to default under an
obligation in respect of borrowings in excess of thresholds, which vary, stated
in the contracts.
Other
arrangements, including leases, have cross default provisions, the triggering of
which would not result in a significant effect on liquidity.
Long-term Contractual
Obligations and Commitments — The
following table summarizes TXU Energy Holdings’ contractual cash obligations as
of December 31, 2004 (see Notes 7 and 15 to Financial Statements for additional
disclosures regarding these obligations).
Contractual
Cash Obligations |
|
Less
Than
One Year |
|
One
to Three
Years |
|
Three
to Five
Years |
|
More
Than Five
Years |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term
debt - principal |
|
$ |
30 |
|
$ |
400 |
|
$ |
250 |
|
$ |
2,553 |
|
Long-term
debt - interest(a) |
|
|
175 |
|
|
328 |
|
|
301 |
|
|
1,899 |
|
Operating
and capital leases (b) |
|
|
73 |
|
|
150 |
|
|
145 |
|
|
396 |
|
Obligations
under commodity purchase and services agreements (c) |
|
|
2,648 |
|
|
2,306 |
|
|
1,082 |
|
|
1,394 |
|
Total
contractual cash obligations |
|
$ |
2,926 |
|
$ |
3,184 |
|
$ |
1,778 |
|
$ |
6,242 |
|
__________________
(a) Includes
net amounts payable under interest rate swaps. Variable interest payments and
net amounts payable under
interest
rate swaps are calculated based on interest rates in effect at December 31,
2004.
(b) Includes
short-term noncancelable leases.
(c) |
Includes
capacity payments, gas take-or-pay contracts, coal contracts, business
services outsourcing and other purchase commitments. Amounts presented for
variable priced contracts assumed the year-end 2004 price remained in
effect for all periods except where contractual price adjustment or
index-based prices were specified. |
The
following contractual obligations were excluded from the table above:
· contracts
between affiliated entities and intercompany debt;
· individual
contracts that have an annual cash requirement of less than $1 million (however,
multiple contracts with one counterparty that are more than $1 million on an
aggregated basis have been included);
· contracts
that are cancelable without payment of a substantial cancellation
penalty;
· employment
contracts with management; and
· projected
funding for TXU Corp.’s pension and other postretirement benefit
plans.
OFF
BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
See
discussion above under Sale
of Receivables and in
Note 6 to Financial Statements.
Also see
Note 15 to Financial Statements regarding guarantees.
COMMITMENTS
AND CONTINGENCIES
Consistent
with industry practices, TXU Energy Holdings has decided to replace the four
steam generators in one of the two generation units of the Comanche Peak nuclear
plant in order to maintain the operating efficiency of the unit. An agreement
for the manufacture and delivery of the equipment was completed in October 2003
and delivery is scheduled for late 2006. Estimated project capital requirements,
including purchase and installation, are $175 million to $225 million, of which
$9 million was paid in 2004. Cash outflows of approximately $80 million are
expected to occur in 2005 and the remaining spending is expected to occur in
2006 and 2007.
REGULATION
AND RATES
Price-to-Beat
Rates ─ Under the
1999 Restructuring Legislation, TXU Energy Holdings was required to charge a
price-to-beat rate established by the Commission to residential customers in the
historical service territory through December 31, 2004. As of January 1, 2005,
TXU Energy Holdings can offer rates other than the price-to-beat to residential
customers, but must make service at the price-to-beat price available until
January 1, 2007. TXU Energy Holdings must continue to make price-to-beat rates
available to small business customers; however, it may continue to offer rates
other than price-to-beat, since it met the requirements of the 40% threshold
target calculation in December 2003. The fuel factor component of the
price-to-beat rate can be adjusted upward or downward twice a year, subject to
approval by the Commission, for changes in the market price of natural gas.
TXU
Energy Holdings implemented two price-to-beat increases in 2003. The first,
requested in January and approved by the Commission and implemented in March,
raised the average monthly residential bill of a customer using 1,000 kilowatt
hours by 12%. The second increase, requested in July and approved and
implemented in August, raised the average monthly residential bill by
4%.
TXU
Energy Holdings also implemented two price-to-beat increases in 2004. The first,
requested in March and approved and implemented in May, raised the average
monthly residential bill of a customer by 3%. The second increase, requested in
June and approved in July and implemented in August, raised the average monthly
residential bill by 6%.
Other
Commission Matters — On May
27, 2004, the Commission opened an investigation to gather information regarding
TXU Electric Delivery’s and its affiliates’ compliance with the Commission’s
affiliate code of conduct rules. Conversations with the Commission indicate that
this investigation was prompted in large part by TXU Electric Delivery’s change
in its legal corporate name from Oncor Electric Delivery Company back to TXU
Electric Delivery Company. Those discussions indicate a reasonable expectation
that the Commission would focus its investigation on TXU Energy Holdings’
implementation of a disclaimer rule that requires TXU Energy Holdings to place a
disclaimer in certain advertisements and on business cards to explain the
distinction between TXU Energy Holdings and TXU Electric Delivery. TXU Energy
Holdings has received no formal or informal request for information in this
investigation.
TXU
Energy Holdings, along with several ERCOT wholesale market participants, has
filed an appeal at the Court of Appeals for the Third District of Texas (Austin)
contesting certain aspects of a recently adopted Commission rule regarding
enforcement standards applicable to the wholesale power market. TXU Energy
Holdings believes that certain portions of the rule as adopted are
unconstitutionally vague and other portions may exact an unconstitutional taking
of private property without just compensation. The Court of Appeals heard oral
arguments in the case on December 15, 2004. There is no statutory deadline by
which the court must act on the appeal.
In August
2004, TXU Energy Holdings proposed a tiered pricing program for out-of-territory
customers (i.e., those customers outside of the historical service territory)
that would provide the lowest prices to customers that TXU Energy Holdings has
determined will pose the lowest risk of poor payment behavior, and higher prices
to customers who will pose a higher risk of poor payment behavior. TXU Energy
Holdings’ proposed tiered pricing program would have made use of credit
information obtained from a credit reporting agency to make the payment risk
determination. On September 8, 2004, the Texas Office of Public Utility Counsel
(OPC) filed a complaint at the Commission alleging generally that the use of
credit information is unlawfully discriminatory. Subsequently, on September 14,
2004, TXU Energy Holdings filed its response to the OPC complaint and in that
response, in addition to asserting that the proposed pricing plan is lawful,
notified the Commission that, pursuant to the Commission Staff’s request, TXU
Energy Holdings would suspend implementation of the proposed tiered pricing
program for at least 45 days, so that TXU Energy Holdings could engage in
discussions with Commission Staff, OPC, and others regarding other tools to
address the pressing issue of bad debt write-offs. OPC requested, and the
Commission granted, the dismissal of the complaint without prejudice to
refiling. Discussions began shortly thereafter and are continuing. TXU Energy
Holdings has not yet implemented the proposed tiered pricing program.
ERCOT
Market Issues - The
Texas Public Utility Regulatory Act (PURA) and the Commission are subject to
“sunset review” by the Texas Legislature in the 2005 legislative session. Sunset
review entails, generally, a comprehensive review of the need for and efficacy
of an administrative agency (e.g., the Commission), along with an evaluation of
the advisability of any changes to that agency’s authorizing legislation (e.g.,
PURA). As part of the sunset review process, the legislative Sunset Advisory
Commission has recommended that the Legislature reauthorize the Commission for
at least six years, and has recommended other changes to PURA that are not
expected to have a material impact upon TXU Energy Holdings’ operations. The
Legislature could consider and enact other changes to PURA, but TXU Energy
Holdings cannot predict whether any such changes might have a material impact on
its operations.
In
addition to sunset review, the Texas Legislature and other Texas governmental
entities have initiated investigations into alleged improprieties regarding some
contracting practices of ERCOT, the nongovernmental entity that has operational
control of the electric grid for much of Texas. To date, these activities have
not resulted in actions that are expected to have a material impact on TXU
Energy Holdings’ operations, but TXU Energy Holdings cannot predict whether the
culmination of these or other governmental activities that may affect the ERCOT
market may result in any such material adverse effect.
Wholesale
market design - In August
2003, the Commission adopted a rule that, if fully implemented, would alter the
wholesale market design in ERCOT. The rule requires ERCOT:
|
· |
to
use a stakeholder process to develop a new wholesale market
model; |
|
· |
to
operate a voluntary day-ahead energy
market; |
|
· |
to
directly assign all congestion rents to the resources that caused the
congestion; |
|
· |
to
use nodal energy prices for resources; |
|
· |
to
provide information for energy trading hubs by aggregating
nodes; |
|
· |
to
use zonal prices for loads; and |
|
· |
to
provide congestion revenue rights (but not physical rights).
|
Under the
rule, the proposed market design and associated cost-benefit analysis was to be
filed with the Commission by November 1, 2004 and is to be implemented by
October 1, 2006. On October 28, 2004 the Commission adopted a rule change that
would delay the filing date for the proposed market design from November 1, 2004
to March 18, 2005. Additionally, the Commission approved an extension until
December 31, 2004 for the filing of the cost-benefit analysis. The third-party
consultant produced its cost-benefit analysis at the end of November 2004 and it
was filed by ERCOT with the Commission in December. TXU Energy Holdings is
currently unable to predict the cost or impact of implementing any proposed
change to the current wholesale market design.
On
December 8, 2004 the Commission Staff opened a project (PUC Project No. 30513)
to facilitate an ongoing informal fact-finding review of the electric wholesale
market activities of TXU Energy Holdings and its affiliates. Commission Staff
indicated that it “created this project because of substantial concerns publicly
expressed by the Commission and market participants about TXU’s recent
activities.” TXU Energy Holdings’ discussions with Commission staff and the
requests for information indicate that the informal review is focused on TXU
Energy Holdings’ offers to sell balancing energy services in ERCOT. Balancing
energy constitutes only about five to ten percent of the energy sold at
wholesale in ERCOT. TXU Energy Holdings has been fully cooperating with the
Commission Staff in its review and has fully responded to Commission Staff’s
requests for information. As indicated in those responses, TXU Energy Holdings
believes that its activities in the electric wholesale market are both
reasonable and lawful.
Summary —
Although TXU Energy Holdings cannot predict future regulatory or legislative
actions or any changes in economic and securities market conditions, no changes
are expected in trends or commitments, other than those discussed in this
report, which might significantly alter its basic financial position, results of
operations or cash flows.
QUANTITATIVE
AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK
Market
risk is the risk that TXU Energy Holdings may experience a loss in value as a
result of changes in market conditions affecting commodity prices and interest
rates, which TXU
Energy Holdings is exposed to in the ordinary course of business. TXU
Energy Holdings’ exposure to market risk is affected by a number of factors,
including the size, duration and composition of its energy and financial
portfolio, as well as volatility and liquidity of markets. TXU
Energy Holdings enters into financial instruments such as interest rate swaps to
manage interest rate risks related to its indebtedness, as well as exchange
traded, over-the-counter contracts and other contractual commitments to manage
commodity price risk as part of its wholesale markets management activities.
RISK
OVERSIGHT
TXU
Energy Holdings’ wholesale markets management operation manages the market,
credit and operational risk related to commodity prices of the unregulated
energy business within limitations established by senior management and in
accordance with TXU Corp.’s overall risk management policies. Interest rate
risks are managed centrally by the corporate treasury function. Market risks are
monitored daily by risk management groups that operate and report independently
of the wholesale markets management operations, utilizing industry accepted
practices and analytical methodologies. These techniques measure the risk of
change in value of the portfolio of contracts and the hypothetical effect on
this value from changes in market conditions and include, but are not limited
to, Value at Risk (VaR) methodologies.
TXU Corp.
has a corporate risk management organization that is headed by a Chief Risk
Officer. The Chief Risk Officer, through his designees, enforces all applicable
risk limits, including the respective policies and procedures to ensure
compliance with such limits and evaluates the risks inherent in the various
businesses of TXU Energy Holdings and their associated transactions. Key risk
control activities include, but are not limited to, credit review and approval,
operational and market risk measurement, validation of transaction capture,
portfolio valuation and daily portfolio reporting, including mark-to-market
valuation, VaR and other risk measurement metrics.
COMMODITY
PRICE RISK
TXU
Energy Holdings is subject to the inherent risks of market fluctuations in the
price of electricity, natural gas and other energy-related products marketed and
purchased. TXU Energy Holdings actively manages its portfolio of owned
generation assets, fuel supply and retail sales load to mitigate the near-term
impacts of these risks on its results of operations. TXU Energy Holdings, as
well as any participant in the market, cannot fully manage the long-term value
impact of structural declines or increases in natural gas, power and oil prices
and spark spreads (differences between the market price of electricity and its
cost of production).
Also see
discussion of Natural
Gas Price & Market Heat-Rate Exposure under
“Key Challenges and Initiatives” above.
In
managing energy price risk, TXU Energy Holdings enters into short- and long-term
physical contracts, exchange traded and over-the-counter financial contracts as
well as bilateral contracts with customers. TXU Energy Holdings’ risk management
activities also incorporate some speculative trading activity. The
operation continuously monitors the valuation of identified risks and adjusts
the portfolio based on current market conditions. Valuation adjustments or
reserves are established in recognition that certain risks exist until full
delivery of energy has occurred, counterparties have fulfilled their financial
commitments and related financial instruments have either matured or are closed
out.
TXU
Energy Holdings strives to use consistent assumptions regarding forward market
price curves in evaluating and recording the effects of commodity price risk.
TXU
Energy Holdings continuously reviews its disclosed risk analysis metrics. In the
course of this review, it was determined that the Portfolio VaR metric would no
longer be disclosed as it is not a meaningful measure of actionable commodity
price risk. Portfolio VaR represented the estimated potential loss in value, due
to changes in market conditions, of the entire energy portfolio, including owned
generation assets, estimates of retail sales load and all contractual positions.
Other metrics that measure the effect of such risk on earnings, cash flows and
the value of its mark-to-market contract portfolio continue to be disclosed. TXU
Energy Holdings may in the future add or eliminate other metrics in its
disclosures of risks.
VaR
Methodology — A VaR
methodology is used to measure the amount of market risk that exists within the
portfolio under a variety of market conditions. The resultant VaR produces an
estimate of a portfolio’s potential for loss given a specified confidence level
and considers among other things, market movements utilizing standard
statistical techniques given historical and projected market prices and
volatilities. Stress testing of market variables is also conducted to simulate
and address abnormal market conditions.
The use
of this method requires a number of key assumptions, such as use of (i) an
assumed confidence level; (ii) an assumed holding period (i.e. the time
necessary for management action, such as to liquidate positions); and (iii)
historical estimates of volatility and correlation data.
VaR
for Energy Contracts Subject to Mark-to-Market
Accounting — This
measurement estimates the potential loss in value, due to changes in market
conditions, of all energy-related contracts subject to mark-to-market
accounting, based on a specific confidence level and an assumed holding period.
Assumptions in determining this VaR include using a 95% confidence level and a
five-day holding period. A probabilistic simulation methodology is used to
calculate VaR, and is considered by management to be the most effective way to
estimate changes in a portfolio’s value based on assumed market conditions for
liquid markets.
|
|
December
31, |
|
December
31, |
|
|
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
Period-end
MtM VaR |
|
$ |
20 |
|
$ |
15 |
|
Average
Month-end MtM VaR |
|
$ |
20 |
|
$ |
25 |
|
Earnings
at Risk (EaR) — EaR
measures the estimated potential loss of expected pretax earnings for the year
presented due to changes in market conditions. EaR metrics include the owned
generation assets, estimates of retail load and all contractual positions except
for accrual positions expected to be settled beyond the fiscal year. Assumptions
include using a 95% confidence level over a five-day holding period under normal
market conditions.
Cash
Flow at Risk (CFaR) — CFaR
measures the estimated potential loss of expected cash flow over the next six
months, due to changes in market conditions. CFaR metrics include all owned
generation assets, estimates of retail load and all contractual positions that
impact cash flow during the next six months. Assumptions include using a 99%
confidence level over a six-month holding period under normal market conditions.
|
|
December
31, |
|
December
31, |
|
|
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
EaR |
|
$ |
24 |
|
$ |
15 |
|
CFaR |
|
$ |
116 |
|
$ |
67 |
|
INTEREST
RATE RISK
The table
below provides information concerning TXU Energy Holdings’ financial instruments
as of December 31, 2004 and 2003 that are sensitive to changes in interest
rates. The weighted average rate is based on the rate in effect at the reporting
date. Capital leases and the effects of unamortized premiums and discounts are
excluded from the table. See Note 7 to Financial Statements for a discussion of
changes in debt obligations.
|
|
Expected
Maturity Date |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Million
of Dollars, Except Percentages) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2004 |
|
|
|
2003 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
There- |
|
2004 |
|
Fair |
|
2003 |
|
Fair |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
2006 |
|
2007 |
|
2008 |
|
2009 |
|
After |
|
Total |
|
Value |
|
Total |
|
Value |
|
Long-term
debt
(including
current maturities) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed
rate |
|
$ |
30 |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
250 |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
2,178 |
|
$ |
2,458 |
|
$ |
2,637 |
|
$ |
2,668 |
|
$ |
2,878 |
|
Average
interest rate |
|
|
6.88 |
% |
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
|
6.13 |
% |
|
─ |
|
|
6.42 |
% |
|
6.40 |
% |
|
─ |
|
|
6.32 |
% |
|
─ |
|
Variable
rate |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
400 |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
375 |
|
$ |
775 |
|
$ |
714 |
|
$ |
395 |
|
$ |
395 |
|
Average
interest rate |
|
|
─ |
|
|
2.84 |
% |
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
|
1.79 |
% |
|
2.33 |
% |
|
─ |
|
|
1.24 |
% |
|
─ |
|
Exchangeable
preferred membership interests (a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed
rate |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
750 |
|
$ |
750 |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
750 |
|
$ |
1.580 |
|
Average
interest rate |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
|
9 |
% |
|
9 |
% |
|
─ |
|
|
9.00 |
% |
|
─ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest
rate swaps
(notional
amounts) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed
to variable |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
250 |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
250 |
|
$ |
(5 |
) |
$ |
500 |
|
$ |
10 |
|
Average
pay rate |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
|
4.85 |
% |
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
|
4.85 |
% |
|
─ |
|
|
3.31 |
% |
|
─ |
|
Average
receive rate |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
|
6.13 |
% |
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
|
6.13 |
% |
|
─ |
|
|
7.00 |
% |
|
─ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) Exchanged for preferred
membership interest in 2003 and repurchased by TXU Corp. in
2004.
CREDIT
RISK
Credit
Risk — Credit
risk relates to the risk of loss associated with non-performance by
counterparties. TXU Energy Holdings maintains credit risk policies with regard
to its counterparties to minimize overall credit risk. These policies require an
evaluation of a potential counterparty’s financial condition, credit rating, and
other quantitative and qualitative credit criteria and specify authorized risk
mitigation tools, including but not limited to use of standardized agreements
that allow for netting of positive and negative exposures associated with a
single counterparty. TXU Energy Holdings has standardized documented processes
for monitoring and managing its credit exposure, including methodologies to
analyze counterparties’ financial strength, measurement of current and potential
future credit exposures and standardized contract language that provides rights
for netting and set-off. Credit enhancements such as parental guarantees,
letters of credit, surety bonds and margin deposits are also utilized.
Additionally, individual counterparties and credit portfolios are managed to
preset limits and stress tested to assess potential credit exposure. This
evaluation results in establishing credit limits or collateral requirements
prior to entering into an agreement with a counterparty that creates credit
exposure to TXU Energy Holdings Additionally, TXU Energy Holdings has
established controls to determine and monitor the appropriateness of these
limits on an ongoing basis. Any prospective material adverse change in the
payment history or financial condition of a counterparty or downgrade of its
credit quality will result in the reassessment of the credit limit with that
counterparty. This process can result in the subsequent reduction of the credit
limit or a request for additional financial assurances.
Credit
Exposure — TXU
Energy Holdings’ gross exposure to credit risk related to trade accounts
receivable as well as commodity contract assets and other derivative assets that
arise primarily from hedging activities totaled $2.008 billion at December 31,
2004.
A large
share of gross assets subject to credit risk represents accounts receivable from
the retail sale of electricity to residential and small business customers. The
risk of material loss (after consideration of allowances) from nonperformance by
these customers is unlikely based upon historical experience. Allowances for
uncollectible accounts receivable are established for the potential loss from
nonpayment by these customers based on historical experience and market or
operational conditions.
Most of
the remaining trade accounts receivable are with large business customers and
hedging counterparties. These counterparties include major energy companies,
financial institutions, electric utilities, independent power producers, oil and
gas producers and energy trading companies. The exposure to credit risk from
these customers and counterparties, excluding credit collateral, as of December
31, 2004, is $983 million net of standardized master netting contracts and
agreements that provide the right of offset of positive and negative credit
exposures with individual customers and counterparties. When considering
collateral currently held by TXU Energy Holdings (cash, letters of credit and
other security interests), the net credit exposure is $784 million. Of this
amount, approximately 80% of the associated exposure is with investment grade
customers and counterparties, as determined using publicly available information
including major rating agencies’ published ratings and TXU Energy Holdings’
internal credit evaluation process. Those customers and counterparties without
an S&P rating of at least BBB- or similar rating from another major rating
agency are rated using internal credit methodologies and credit scoring models
to estimate an S&P equivalent rating. TXU Energy Holdings routinely monitors
and manages its credit exposure to these customers and counterparties on this
basis.
TXU
Energy Holdings is also exposed to credit risk related to the Capgemini put
option with a carrying value of $103 million as discussed in Note 1 to Financial
Statements.
The
following table presents the distribution of credit exposure as of December 31,
2004, for trade accounts receivable from large business customers, commodity
contract assets and other derivative assets that arise primarily from hedging
activities, by investment grade and noninvestment grade, credit quality and
maturity.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exposure
by Maturity |
|
|
|
Exposure
before Credit Collateral |
|
Credit
Collateral |
|
Net
Exposure |
|
2
years or less |
|
Between
2-5
years |
|
Greater
than 5 years |
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment
grade |
|
$ |
780 |
|
$ |
149 |
|
$ |
631 |
|
$ |
465 |
|
$ |
89 |
|
$ |
77 |
|
$ |
631 |
|
Noninvestment
grade |
|
|
203 |
|
|
50 |
|
|
153 |
|
|
112 |
|
|
22 |
|
|
19 |
|
|
153 |
|
Totals |
|
$ |
983 |
|
$ |
199 |
|
$ |
784 |
|
$ |
577 |
|
$ |
111 |
|
$ |
96 |
|
$ |
784 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment
grade |
|
|
79 |
% |
|
75 |
% |
|
80 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Noninvestment
grade |
|
|
21 |
% |
|
25 |
% |
|
20 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TXU
Energy Holdings had no exposure to any customer or counterparty greater than 10%
of the net exposure of $784 million at December 31, 2004. Additionally,
approximately 74% of the credit exposure, net of collateral held, has a maturity
date of two years or less. TXU Energy Holdings does not anticipate any material
adverse effect on its financial position or results of operations as a result of
nonperformance by any customer or counterparty.
RISK
FACTORS THAT MAY AFFECT FUTURE RESULTS
Some
important factors, in addition to others specifically addressed in this
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations, that could have a material impact on TXU Energy Holdings’
operations, financial results and financial condition, and could cause TXU
Energy Holdings’ actual results or outcomes to differ materially from any
projected outcome contained in any forward-looking statement in this report,
include:
The
implementation of performance improvement initiatives identified by management
may not produce the desired results and may result in disruptions arising from
employee displacements and the rapid pace of changes to organizational structure
and operating practices and processes. Most notably, TXU Energy Holdings is
subject to the risk that the joint venture outsourcing arrangement with
Capgemini may not produce the desired cost savings as well as potential
transition costs, which would likely be significant, in the event TXU Energy
Holdings needed to switch to another vendor if Capgemini failed to perform its
obligations to TXU Energy Holdings.
ERCOT is
the independent system operator that is responsible for maintaining reliable
operation of the bulk electric power supply system in the ERCOT region. Its
responsibilities include the clearing and settlement of electricity volumes and
related ancillary services among the various participants in the deregulated
Texas market. Because of new processes and systems associated with the opening
of the market to competition, which continue to be improved, there have been
delays in finalizing these settlements. As a result, TXU Energy Holdings is
subject to settlement adjustments from ERCOT related to prior periods, which may
result in charges or credits impacting future reported results of operations.
TXU
Energy Holdings’ businesses operate in changing market environments influenced
by various legislative and regulatory initiatives regarding deregulation,
regulation or restructuring of the energy industry, including deregulation of
the production and sale of electricity. TXU Energy Holdings will need to adapt
to these changes and may face increasing competitive pressure.
TXU Energy
Holdings’ businesses are subject to changes in laws (including PURA, the Federal
Power Act, as amended, the Atomic Energy Act, as amended, the Public Utility
Regulatory Policies Act of 1978, as amended, the Clean Air Act, as amended, and
the Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935, as amended) and changing
governmental policy and regulatory actions (including those of the Commission,
the FERC, the EPA and the NRC) with respect to matters including, but not
limited to, market structure and design, operation of nuclear power facilities,
construction and operation of other power generation facilities, recovery of
purchased gas costs, decommissioning costs and present or prospective wholesale
and retail competition. In particular, PURA and the Commission will be subject
to sunset review by the Texas Legislature during this 2005 legislative session.
See “ERCOT Market Issues” and “Wholesale Market Design” above.
TXU
Energy Holdings, along with other market participants, is subject to oversight
by the Commission. In that connection, TXU Energy Holdings and other market
participants may be subject to various competition-related rules and
regulations, including but not limited to possible price-mitigation rules, as
well as rules related to market behavior.
TXU
Energy Holdings is not guaranteed any rate of return on its capital investments
in unregulated businesses. TXU Energy Holdings markets and trades power,
including power from its own production facilities, as part of its wholesale
markets management operation. TXU Energy Holdings’ results of operations are
likely to depend, in large part, upon prevailing retail rates, which are set, in
part, by regulatory authorities, and market prices for electricity, gas and coal
in its regional market and other competitive markets. Market prices may
fluctuate substantially over relatively short periods of time. Demand for
electricity can fluctuate dramatically, creating periods of substantial under-
or over-supply. During periods of over-supply, prices might be depressed. Also,
at times there may be political pressure, or pressure from regulatory
authorities with jurisdiction over wholesale and retail energy commodity and
transportation rates, to impose price limitations, bidding rules and other
mechanisms to address volatility and other issues in these markets.
Some of
the fuel for TXU Energy Holdings’ power production facilities is purchased under
short-term contracts or on the spot market. Prices of fuel, including natural
gas, may also be volatile, and the price TXU Energy Holdings can obtain for
power sales may not change at the same rate as changes in fuel costs. In
addition, TXU Energy Holdings purchases and sells natural gas and other energy
related commodities, and volatility in these markets may affect TXU Energy
Holdings’ costs incurred in meeting its obligations.
Volatility
in market prices for fuel and electricity may result from:
· severe or
unexpected weather conditions;
· seasonality;
· changes
in electricity usage;
· illiquidity
in the wholesale power or other markets;
· transmission
or transportation constraints, inoperability or inefficiencies;
· availability
of competitively priced alternative energy sources;
· changes
in supply and demand for energy commodities;
· changes
in power production capacity;
· outages
at TXU Energy Holdings’ power production facilities or those of its competitors;
· changes
in production and storage levels of natural gas, lignite, coal and crude oil and
refined products;
· natural
disasters, wars, sabotage, terrorist acts, embargoes and other catastrophic
events; and
· federal,
state, local and foreign energy, environmental and other regulation and
legislation.
All but
one of TXU Energy Holdings’ facilities for power production are located in the
ERCOT region, a market with limited interconnections to other markets.
Electricity prices in the ERCOT region are correlated to gas prices because
gas-fired plant is the marginal cost unit during the majority of the year in the
ERCOT region. Accordingly, the contribution to earnings and the value of TXU
Energy Holdings’ baseload power production is dependent in significant part upon
the price of gas. TXU Energy Holdings cannot fully hedge the risk associated
with dependency on gas because of the expected useful life of TXU Energy
Holdings’ power production assets and the size of its position relative to
market liquidity.
To manage
its near-term financial exposure related to commodity price fluctuations, TXU
Energy Holdings routinely enters into contracts to hedge portions of its
purchase and sale commitments, weather positions, fuel requirements and
inventories of natural gas, lignite, coal, refined products, and other
commodities, within established risk management guidelines. As part of this
strategy, TXU Energy Holdings routinely utilizes fixed-price forward physical
purchase and sales contracts, futures, financial swaps and option contracts
traded in the over-the-counter markets or on exchanges. However, TXU Energy
Holdings can normally cover only a small portion of the exposure of its assets
and positions to market price volatility, and the coverage will vary over time.
To the extent TXU Energy Holdings has unhedged positions, fluctuating commodity
prices can materially impact TXU Energy Holdings’ results of operations and
financial position, either favorably or unfavorably.
Although
TXU Energy Holdings devotes a considerable amount of management time and effort
to the establishment of risk management procedures as well as the ongoing review
of the implementation of these procedures, the procedures it has in place may
not always be followed or may not always function as planned and cannot
eliminate all the risks associated with these activities. As a result of these
and other factors, TXU Energy Holdings cannot predict with precision the impact
that risk management decisions may have on its business, results of operations
or financial position.
TXU
Energy Holdings might
not be able to satisfy all of its guarantees and indemnification obligations,
including those related to hedging and risk management activities, if they were
to come due at the same time.
TXU
Energy Holdings’ hedging and risk management activities are exposed to the risk
that counterparties that owe TXU Energy Holdings money, energy or other
commodities as a result of market transactions will not perform their
obligations. The likelihood that certain counterparties may fail to perform
their obligations has increased due to financial difficulties, brought on by
various factors including improper or illegal accounting and business practices,
affecting some participants in the industry. Some of these financial
difficulties have been so severe that certain industry participants have filed
for bankruptcy protection or are facing the possibility of doing so. Should the
counterparties to these arrangements fail to perform, TXU Energy Holdings might
be forced to acquire alternative hedging arrangements or honor the underlying
commitment at then-current market prices. In such event, TXU Energy Holdings
might incur losses in addition to amounts, if any, already paid to the
counterparties. ERCOT market participants are also exposed to risks that another
ERCOT market participant may default in its obligations to pay ERCOT for power
taken in the ancillary services market, in which case such costs, to the extent
not offset by posted security and other protections available to ERCOT, may be
allocated to various nondefaulting ERCOT market participants.
The
current credit ratings for TXU Energy Holdings’ long-term debt are investment
grade. A rating reflects only the view of a rating agency, and it is not a
recommendation to buy, sell or hold securities. Any rating can be revised upward
or downward at any time by a rating agency if such rating agency decides that
circumstances warrant such a change. If S&P, Moody’s or Fitch were to
downgrade TXU Energy Holdings’ ratings, borrowing costs would increase and the
potential pool of investors and funding sources would likely decrease. If the
downgrade were below investment grade, liquidity demands would be triggered by
the terms of a number of commodity contracts, leases and other agreements.
Most of
TXU Energy Holdings’ large customers, suppliers and counterparties require
sufficient creditworthiness in order to enter into transactions. If TXU Energy
Holdings’ ratings were to decline to below investment grade, costs to operate
the power business would increase because counterparties may require the posting
of collateral in the form of cash-related instruments, or counterparties may
decline to do business with TXU Energy Holdings.
In
addition, as discussed in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the terms of certain
of TXU Energy Holdings’ financing and other arrangements contain provisions that
are specifically affected by changes in credit ratings and could require the
posting of collateral, the repayment of indebtedness or the payment of other
amounts.
The
operation of power production facilities involves many risks, including start up
risks, breakdown or failure of facilities, lack of sufficient capital to
maintain the facilities, the dependence on a specific fuel source or the impact
of unusual or adverse weather conditions or other natural events, as well as the
risk of performance below expected levels of output or efficiency, the
occurrence of any of which could result in lost revenues and/or increased
expenses. A significant portion of TXU Energy Holdings’ facilities was
constructed many years ago. In particular, older generating equipment, even if
maintained in accordance with good engineering practices, may require
significant capital expenditures to keep it operating at peak efficiency. The
risk of increased maintenance and capital expenditures arises from (a) increased
starting and stopping of generation equipment due to the volatility of the
competitive market, (b) any unexpected failure to produce power, including
failure caused by breakdown or forced outage, and (c) repairing damage to
facilities due to storms, natural disasters, wars, terrorist acts and other
catastrophic events. Further, TXU Energy Holdings’ ability to successfully and
timely complete capital improvements to existing facilities or other capital
projects is contingent upon many variables and subject to substantial risks.
Should any such efforts be unsuccessful, TXU Energy Holdings could be subject to
additional costs and/or the write-off of its investment in the project or
improvement.
Insurance,
warranties or performance guarantees may not cover all or any of the lost
revenues or increased expenses, including the cost of replacement power.
Likewise, TXU Energy Holdings’ ability to obtain insurance, and the cost of and
coverage provided by such insurance, could be affected by events outside its
control.
The
ownership and operation of nuclear facilities, including TXU Energy Holdings’
ownership and operation of the Comanche Peak generation plant, involve certain
risks. These risks include: mechanical or structural problems; inadequacy or
lapses in maintenance protocols; the impairment of reactor operation and safety
systems due to human error; the costs of storage, handling and disposal of
nuclear materials; limitations on the amounts and types of insurance coverage
commercially available; and uncertainties with respect to the technological and
financial aspects of decommissioning nuclear facilities at the end of their
useful lives. The following are among the more significant of these
risks:
|
· |
Operational
Risk -
Operations at any nuclear power production plant could degrade to the
point where the plant would have to be shut down. Over the next three
years, certain equipment at Comanche Peak is expected to be replaced. The
cost of these actions is currently expected to be material and could
result in extended outages. If this were to happen, the process of
identifying and correcting the causes of the operational downgrade to
return the plant to operation could require significant time and expense,
resulting in both lost revenue and increased fuel and purchased power
expense to meet supply commitments. Rather than incurring substantial
costs to restart the plant, the plant may be shut down. Furthermore, a
shut-down or failure at any other nuclear plant could cause regulators to
require a shut-down or reduced availability at Comanche Peak.
|
|
· |
Regulatory
Risk -
The NRC may modify, suspend or revoke licenses and impose civil penalties
for failure to comply with the Atomic Energy Act, the regulations under it
or the terms of the licenses of nuclear facilities. Unless extended, the
NRC operating licenses for Comanche Peak Unit 1 and Unit 2 will expire in
2030 and 2033, respectively. Changes in regulations by the NRC could
require a substantial increase in capital expenditures or result in
increased operating or decommissioning costs.
|
|
· |
Nuclear
Accident Risk -
Although the safety record of Comanche Peak and other nuclear reactors
generally has been very good, accidents and other unforeseen problems have
occurred both in the US and elsewhere. The consequences of an accident can
be severe and include loss of life and property damage. Any resulting
liability from a nuclear accident could exceed TXU Energy Holdings’
resources, including insurance coverage. |
TXU
Energy Holdings is subject to extensive environmental regulation by governmental
authorities. In operating its facilities, TXU Energy Holdings is required to
comply with numerous environmental laws and regulations, and to obtain numerous
governmental permits. TXU Energy Holdings may incur significant additional costs
to comply with these requirements. If TXU Energy Holdings fails to comply with
these requirements, it could be subject to civil or criminal liability and
fines. Existing environmental regulations could be revised or reinterpreted, new
laws and regulations could be adopted or become applicable to TXU Energy
Holdings or its facilities, and future changes in environmental laws and
regulations could occur, including potential regulatory and enforcement
developments related to air emissions.
TXU
Energy Holdings may not be able to obtain or maintain all required environmental
regulatory approvals. If there is a delay in obtaining any required
environmental regulatory approvals or if TXU Energy Holdings fails to obtain,
maintain or comply with any such approval, the operation of its facilities could
be stopped or become subject to additional costs. Further, at some of TXU Energy
Holdings’ older facilities, including baseload lignite and coal plants, it may
be uneconomical for TXU Energy Holdings to install the necessary equipment,
which may cause TXU Energy Holdings to shut down those facilities.
In
addition, TXU Energy Holdings may be responsible for any on-site liabilities
associated with the environmental condition of facilities that it has acquired
or developed, regardless of when the liabilities arose and whether they are
known or unknown. In connection with certain acquisitions and sales of assets,
TXU Energy Holdings may obtain, or be required to provide, indemnification
against certain environmental liabilities. Another party could fail to meet its
indemnification obligations to TXU Energy Holdings.
The Texas
electricity market was deregulated as of January 1, 2002. Competition has
resulted, and may continue to result in, declines in customer counts and sales
volumes.
While TXU
Energy Holdings may now offer prices other than the price-to-beat, it is
obligated to offer the price to beat to its residential and small business
customers in the historical service territory through January 1, 2007. The
results of TXU Energy Holdings’ retail electric operations in its historical
service territory are largely dependent upon the amount of headroom available to
TXU Energy Holdings in its price-to-beat rate. The margin or “headroom”
available in the price-to-beat rate for any REP equals the difference between
the price-to-beat rate and the sum of delivery charges and the price that REP
pays for power. Headroom may be a positive or a negative number. Since headroom
is dependent, in part, on power production and purchase costs, TXU Energy
Holdings does not know nor can it estimate the amount of headroom that it will
have in its price-to-beat rate. There is no assurance that future adjustments to
TXU Energy Holdings’ price-to-beat rate will be adequate to cover future
increases in its costs of electricity to serve its price-to-beat rate customers
or that TXU Energy Holdings’ price-to-beat rate will not result in negative
headroom in the future.
In most
retail electric markets outside the historical service territory, TXU Energy
Holdings’ principal competitor may be the retail affiliate of the local
incumbent utility company. The incumbent retail affiliates have the advantage of
long-standing relationships with their customers. In addition to competition
from the incumbent utilities and their affiliates, TXU Energy Holdings may face
competition from a number of other energy service providers, or other energy
industry participants, who may develop businesses that will compete with TXU
Energy Holdings and nationally branded providers of consumer products and
services. Some of these competitors or potential competitors may be larger and
better capitalized than TXU Energy Holdings. If there is inadequate margin in
these retail electric markets, it may not be profitable for TXU Energy Holdings
to enter these markets.
TXU
Energy Holdings depends on transmission and distribution facilities owned and
operated by other utilities, as well as its affiliates' facilities, to
deliver the electricity it produces and sells to consumers, as well as to other
REPs. If transmission capacity is inadequate, TXU Energy Holdings’ ability to
sell and deliver electricity may be hindered, it may have to forgo sales or it
may have to buy more expensive wholesale electricity that is available in the
capacity-constrained area. In particular, during some periods transmission
access is constrained to some areas of the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex. TXU
Energy Holdings expects to have a significant number of customers inside these
constrained areas. The cost to provide service to these customers may exceed the
cost to provide service to other customers, resulting in lower headroom. In
addition, any infrastructure failure that interrupts or impairs delivery of
electricity to TXU Energy Holdings’ customers could negatively impact the
satisfaction of its customers with its service.
TXU
Energy Holdings offers its customers a bundle of services that include, at a
minimum, the electric commodity itself plus transmission, distribution and
related services. The prices TXU Energy Holdings charges for this bundle of
services or for the various components of the bundle, either of which may be
fixed by contract with the customer for a period of time, could fall below TXU
Energy Holdings’ underlying cost to obtain the commodities or services.
Research
and development activities are ongoing to improve existing and alternative
technologies to produce electricity, including gas turbines, fuel cells,
microturbines and photovoltaic (solar) cells. It is possible that advances in
these or other alternative technologies will reduce the costs of electricity
production from these technologies to a level that will enable these
technologies to compete effectively with electricity production from traditional
power plants like TXU Energy Holdings’. While demand for electric energy
services is generally increasing throughout the US, the rate of construction and
development of new, more efficient power production facilities may exceed
increases in demand in some regional electric markets. Consequently, where TXU
Energy Holdings has facilities, the market value of TXU Energy Holdings’ power
production facilities could be significantly reduced. Also, electricity demand
could be reduced by increased conservation efforts and advances in technology,
which could likewise significantly reduce the value of TXU Energy Holdings’
facilities. Changes in technology could also alter the channels through which
retail electric customers buy electricity.
TXU
Energy Holdings is a
holding company and conducts its operations primarily through wholly-owned
subsidiaries. Substantially all of TXU Energy Holdings’ consolidated assets are
held by these subsidiaries. Accordingly, TXU Energy Holdings’ cash flows and
ability to meet its obligations and to pay distributions are largely dependent
upon the earnings of its subsidiaries and the distribution or other payment of
such earnings to TXU Energy Holdings in the form of distributions, loans or
advances, and repayment of loans or advances from TXU Energy Holdings. The
subsidiaries are separate and distinct legal entities and have no obligation to
provide TXU Energy Holdings with funds for its payment obligations, whether by
distributions, loans or otherwise.
The
inability to raise capital on favorable terms, particularly during times of
uncertainty in the financial markets, could impact TXU Energy Holdings’ ability
to sustain and grow its businesses, which are capital intensive, and would
increase its capital costs. TXU Energy Holdings relies on access to financial
markets as a significant source of liquidity for capital requirements not
satisfied by cash on hand or operating cash flows. TXU Energy Holdings’ access
to the financial markets could be adversely impacted by various factors, such
as:
|
· |
changes
in credit markets that reduce available credit or the ability to renew
existing liquidity facilities on acceptable terms;
|
|
· |
inability
to access commercial paper markets; |
|
· |
a
deterioration of TXU Energy Holdings’ credit or a reduction in TXU Energy
Holdings’ credit ratings; |
|
· |
extreme
volatility in TXU Energy Holdings’ markets that increases margin or credit
requirements; |
|
· |
a
material breakdown in TXU Energy Holdings’ risk management procedures;
|
|
· |
prolonged
delays in billing and payment resulting from delays in switching customers
from one REP to another; and |
|
· |
the
occurrence of material adverse changes in TXU Energy Holdings’ businesses
that restrict TXU Energy Holdings’ ability to access its liquidity
facilities. |
A lack of
necessary capital and cash reserves could adversely impact the evaluation of TXU
Energy Holdings’ credit worthiness by counterparties and rating agencies, and
would likely increase its capital costs. Further, concerns on the part of
counterparties regarding TXU Energy Holdings’ liquidity and credit could limit
its wholesale markets management activities.
As a
result of the energy crisis in California during 2001, the recent volatility of
natural gas prices in North America, the bankruptcy filing by Enron Corporation,
accounting irregularities of public companies, and investigations by
governmental authorities into energy trading activities, companies in the
regulated and nonregulated utility businesses have been under a generally
increased amount of public and regulatory scrutiny. Accounting irregularities at
certain companies in the industry have caused regulators and legislators to
review current accounting practices and financial disclosures. The capital
markets and ratings agencies also have increased their level of scrutiny.
Additionally, allegations against various energy trading companies of “round
trip” or “wash” transactions, which involve the simultaneous buying and selling
of the same amount of power at the same price and delivery location and provide
no true economic benefit, power market manipulation and inaccurate power and
commodity price reporting have had a negative effect on the industry. TXU Energy
Holdings believes that it is complying with all applicable laws, but it is
difficult or impossible to predict or control what effect events and
investigations in the energy industry may have on TXU Energy Holdings’ financial
condition or access to the capital markets. Additionally, it is unclear what
laws and regulations may develop, and TXU Energy Holdings cannot predict the
ultimate impact of any future changes in accounting regulations or practices in
general with respect to public companies, the energy industry or its operations
specifically. Any such new accounting standards could negatively impact reported
financial results.
The
issues and associated risks and uncertainties described above are not the only
ones TXU Energy Holdings may face. Additional issues may arise or become
material as the energy industry evolves.
FORWARD
LOOKING STATEMENTS
This
report and other presentations made by TXU Energy Holdings contain
“forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. All statements, other than statements of
historical facts, that are included in this report, or made in presentations, in
response to questions or otherwise, that address activities, events or
developments that TXU Energy Holdings expects or anticipates to occur in the
future, including such matters as projections, capital allocation and cash
distribution policy, future capital expenditures, business strategy, competitive
strengths, goals, future acquisitions or dispositions, development or operation
of power production assets, market and industry developments and the growth of
US Holdings’ business and operations (often, but not always, through the use of
words or phrases such as “will likely result,” “are expected to,” “will
continue,” “is anticipated,” “estimated,” “projection,” “target,” “outlook”),
are forward-looking statements. Although TXU Energy Holdings believes that in
making any such forward-looking statement its expectations are based on
reasonable assumptions, any such forward-looking statement involves
uncertainties and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the discussion of
risk factors discussed above under “RISK FACTORS THAT MAY AFFECT FUTURE RESULTS”
and the following important factors, among others, that could cause the actual
results of Energy to differ materially from those projected in such
forward-looking statements:
· |
prevailing
governmental policies and regulatory actions, including those of the FERC,
the |
Commission
and the NRC, with respect to:
· |
allowed
rates of return; |
· |
industry,
market and rate structure; |
· |
purchased
power and recovery of investments; |
· |
operations
of nuclear generating facilities; |
· |
acquisitions
and disposal of assets and facilities; |
· |
operation
and construction of facilities; |
· |
present
or prospective wholesale and retail
competition; |
· |
changes
in tax laws and policies; and |
· |
changes
in and compliance with environmental and safety laws and
policies; |
· |
continued
implementation of, and “sunset provisions” regarding, the restructuring
legislation passed by the Texas legislature in
1999; |
· |
legal
and administrative proceedings and
settlements; |
· |
general
industry trends; |
· |
power
costs (including repair costs) and
availability; |
· |
weather
conditions and other natural phenomena, and acts of sabotage, wars or
terrorist activities; |
· |
unanticipated
population growth or decline, and changes in market demand and demographic
patterns; |
· |
changes
in business strategy, development plans or vendor relationships;
|
· |
TXU
Energy Holdings’ ability to implement the initiatives that are part of its
restructuring, operational improvement and cost reduction program, and the
terms which those initiatives are executed; |
· |
competition
for retail and wholesale customers; |
· |
access
to adequate transmission facilities to meet changing
demands; |
· |
pricing
and transportation of crude oil, natural gas and other
commodities; |
· |
unanticipated
changes in interest rates, commodity prices or rates of inflation or
foreign exchange rates; |
· |
unanticipated
changes in operating expenses, liquidity needs and capital
expenditures; |
· |
commercial
bank market and capital market conditions; |
· |
competition
for new energy development and other business
opportunities; |
· |
inability
of various counterparties to meet their obligations with respect to TXU
Energy Holdings’ financial instruments; |
· |
changes
in technology used by and services offered by TXU Energy
Holdings; |
· |
significant
changes in TXU Energy Holdings’ relationship with its employees, including
the availability of qualified personnel, and the potential adverse effects
if labor disputes or grievances were to
occur; |
· |
significant
changes in critical accounting policies material to TXU Energy Holdings;
and |
· |
actions
of rating agencies. |
Any
forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which such statement is
made, and TXU Energy Holdings undertakes no obligation to update any
forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on
which such statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated
events. New factors emerge from time to time and it is not possible for TXU
Energy Holdings to predict all of such factors, nor can it assess the impact of
each such factor or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors,
may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any
forward-looking statement.
TXU
ENERGY COMPANY LLC
STATEMENT
OF RESPONSIBILITY
The
management of TXU Energy Company LLC is responsible for the preparation,
integrity and objectivity of the consolidated financial statements of TXU Energy
Company LLC and other information included in this report. The consolidated
financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States of America. As appropriate, the
statements include amounts based on informed estimates and judgments of
management.
The
management of TXU Energy Company LLC is responsible for establishing and
maintaining a system of internal control, which includes the internal controls
and procedures for financial reporting, that is designed to provide reasonable
assurance, on a cost-effective basis, that assets are safeguarded, transactions
are executed in accordance with management's authorization and financial records
are reliable for preparing consolidated financial statements. Management
believes that the system of control provides reasonable assurance that errors or
irregularities that could be material to the consolidated financial statements
are prevented or would be detected within a timely period. Key elements in this
system include the effective communication of established written policies and
procedures, selection and training of qualified personnel and organizational
arrangements that provide an appropriate division of responsibility. This system
of control is augmented by an ongoing internal audit program designed to
evaluate its adequacy and effectiveness. Management considers the
recommendations of the internal auditors and independent auditors concerning TXU
Energy Company LLC’s system of internal control and takes appropriate actions
which are cost effective in the circumstances. Management believes that, as of
December 31, 2004, TXU Energy Company LLC’s system of internal control was
adequate to accomplish the objectives discussed herein.
The
independent registered public accounting firm of Deloitte & Touche LLP is
engaged to audit, in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in
the United States of America, the consolidated financial statements of TXU
Energy Company LLC and its subsidiaries and to issue their report
thereon.
/s/ Paul O’
Malley
|
/s/ Kirk R.
Oliver
|
Paul
O’Malley, Chairman of the Board, President |
Kirk
R. Oliver, Executive Vice President |
and
Chief Executive |
and
Chief Financial Officer |
REPORT
OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To
the Board of Directors and Members of
TXU
Energy Company LLC:
We have
audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of TXU Energy Company LLC
and subsidiaries (TXU Energy Holdings) as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, and the
related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, cash flows and
membership interests for each of the three years in the period ended December
31, 2004. These financial statements are the responsibility of TXU Energy
Holdings’ management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these
financial statements based on our audits.
We
conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that
we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether
the financial
statements are free of material misstatement. TXU Energy Holdings is not
required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal
control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal
control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that
are appropriate in the circumstances but not for the purpose of expressing an
opinion on the effectiveness of TXU Energy Holdings’ internal control over
financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An
audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts
and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles
used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the
overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our
opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material
respects, the financial position of TXU Energy Holdings and subsidiaries as of
December 31, 2004 and 2003, and the results of their operations and their cash
flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2004, in
conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of
America.
As
discussed in Note 3 to the Financial Statements, TXU Energy Holdings changed its
method of accounting for stock based compensation with the election to early
adopt Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (revised 2004)
Share-Based
Payment.
As
discussed in Note 3 to the Notes to Financial Statements, TXU Energy Holdings
changed its method of accounting for certain contracts with the rescission of
Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 98-10, Accounting
for Contracts Involved in Energy Trading and Risk Management
Activities.
DELOITTE
& TOUCHE LLP
Dallas,
Texas
March 21,
2005
TXU
ENERGY COMPANY LLC
STATEMENTS
OF CONSOLIDATED INCOME
|
|
Year
Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
2002 |
|
|
|
Millions
of Dollars |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating
revenues |
|
$ |
8,495 |
|
$ |
7,986 |
|
$ |
7,678 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Costs
and expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost
of energy sold and delivery fees |
|
|
5,265 |
|
|
5,117 |
|
|
4,771 |
|
Operating
costs |
|
|
704 |
|
|
685 |
|
|
698 |
|
Depreciation
and amortization |
|
|
350 |
|
|
407 |
|
|
450 |
|
Selling,
general and administrative expenses |
|
|
667 |
|
|
636 |
|
|
774 |
|
Franchise
and revenue-based taxes |
|
|
117 |
|
|
124 |
|
|
120 |
|
Other
income |
|
|
(110 |
) |
|
(48 |
) |
|
(33 |
) |
Other
deductions |
|
|
610 |
|
|
22 |
|
|
254 |
|
Interest
income |
|
|
(31 |
) |
|
(8 |
) |
|
(10 |
) |
Interest
expense and related charges |
|
|
353 |
|
|
323 |
|
|
215 |
|
Total
costs and expenses |
|
|
7,925 |
|
|
7,258 |
|
|
7,239 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
from continuing operations before income taxes and
cumulative |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
effect
of changes in accounting principles |
|
|
570 |
|
|
728 |
|
|
439 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
tax expense |
|
|
162 |
|
|
231 |
|
|
117 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
from continuing operations before cumulative effect of changes
in |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
accounting
principles |
|
|
408 |
|
|
497 |
|
|
322 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss
from discontinued operations, net of tax effect |
|
|
(34 |
) |
|
(18 |
) |
|
(52 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cumulative
effect of changes in accounting principles, net of tax effect |
|
|
4 |
|
|
(58 |
) |
|
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
income |
|
$ |
378 |
|
$ |
421 |
|
$ |
270 |
|
STATEMENTS
OF CONSOLIDATED COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
|
|
Year
Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
2002 |
|
|
|
Millions
of Dollars |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Components
related to continuing operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
from continuing operations before cumulative effect of
changes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
in
accounting principles |
|
$ |
408 |
|
$ |
497 |
|
$ |
322 |
|
Other
comprehensive income (loss), net of tax effects |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Minimum
pension liability adjustments (net of tax (expense) benefit
of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$(4),
$(12) and $21) |
|
|
7 |
|
|
25 |
|
|
(39 |
) |
Cash
flow hedges: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
change in fair value of derivatives (net of tax benefit of $46,
$74 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
and
$86) |
|
|
(86 |
) |
|
(137 |
) |
|
(159 |
) |
Amounts
realized in earnings during the period (net of tax expense |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
of
$20, $90 and $9) |
|
|
38 |
|
|
167 |
|
|
17 |
|
Total |
|
|
(41 |
) |
|
55 |
|
|
(181 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Comprehensive
income related to continuing operations |
|
|
367 |
|
|
552 |
|
|
141 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Comprehensive
loss related to discontinued operations |
|
|
(34 |
) |
|
(18 |
) |
|
(52 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cumulative
effect of changes in accounting principles, net of tax effect |
|
|
4 |
|
|
(58 |
) |
|
─ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Comprehensive
income |
|
$ |
337 |
|
$ |
476 |
|
$ |
89 |
|
See Notes
to Financial Statements.
TXU
ENERGY COMPANY LLC
STATEMENTS
OF CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOWS
|
|
Year
Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
2002 |
|
|
|
Millions
of Dollars |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
flows — operating activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
from continuing operations before cumulative |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
effect
of changes in accounting principles |
|
$ |
408 |
|
$ |
497 |
|
$ |
322 |
|
Adjustments
to reconcile income from continuing operations before |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cumulative
effect of changes in accounting principles to cash
provided |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
by
operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation
and amortization |
|
|
414 |
|
|
469 |
|
|
499 |
|
Bad
debt expense |
|
|
91 |
|
|
114 |
|
|
155 |
|
Deferred
income taxes and investment tax credits ─ net |
|
|
─ |
|
|
11 |
|
|
(93 |
) |
Losses
on early extinguishment of debt |
|
|
1 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
Net
gain from sale of assets |
|
|
(107 |
) |
|
(45 |
) |
|
(30 |
) |
Net
effect of unrealized mark-to-market valuations of commodity
contracts |
|
|
109 |
|
|
100 |
|
|
113 |
|
Asset
writedowns and lease-related charges |
|
|
371 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
237 |
|
Changes
in regulatory-related liabilities |
|
|
(79 |
) |
|
(12 |
) |
|
185 |
|
Stock-based
compensation expense |
|
|
25 |
|
|
10 |
|
|
(1 |
) |
Net
equity loss from unconsolidated affiliates |
|
|
5 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
Changes
in operating assets and liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Affiliate
accounts receivable/payable ─ net |
|
|
(21 |
) |
|
(41 |
) |
|
201 |
|
Accounts
receivable ─ trade |
|
|
(197 |
) |
|
197 |
|
|
(603 |
) |
Impact
of sale of accounts receivable program |
|
|
(93 |
) |
|
75 |
|
|
1 |
|
Inventories |
|
|
20 |
|
|
(58 |
) |
|
(96 |
) |
Accounts
payable ─ trade |
|
|
159 |
|
|
(30 |
) |
|
116 |
|
Margin
deposits |
|
|
34 |
|
|
25 |
|
|
(6 |
) |
Commodity
contract assets and liabilities ─ net |
|
|
(5 |
) |
|
24 |
|
|
(45 |
) |
Other
net assets |
|
|
34 |
|
|
(214 |
) |
|
4 |
|
Other
net liabilities |
|
|
(51 |
) |
|
247 |
|
|
35 |
|
Cash
provided by operating activities |
|
|
1,118 |
|
|
1,369 |
|
|
994 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
flows — financing activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issuances
of long-term debt |
|
|
800 |
|
|
1,820 |
|
|
811 |
|
Retirements/repurchases
of debt |
|
|
(630 |
) |
|
(711 |
) |
|
(1,683 |
) |
Increase
(decrease) in notes payable to banks |
|
|
210 |
|
|
(282 |
) |
|
282 |
|
Net
change in advances from affiliates |
|
|
(363 |
) |
|
(1,618 |
) |
|
1,169 |
|
Decrease
in note payable to TXU Electric Delivery related to a regulatory
liability |
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
(170 |
) |
|
(180 |
) |
Distribution
paid to parent |
|
|
(700 |
) |
|
(750 |
) |
|
(777 |
) |
Debt
premium, discount, financing and reacquisition expenses |
|
|
(15 |
) |
|
(36 |
) |
|
(29 |
) |
Cash
used in financing activities |
|
|
(700 |
) |
|
(1,747 |
) |
|
(407 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
flows — investing activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital
expenditures |
|
|
(281 |
) |
|
(163 |
) |
|
(284 |
) |
Nuclear
fuel |
|
|
(87 |
) |
|
(44 |
) |
|
(52 |
) |
Proceeds
from sale of assets and
businesses |
|
|
29 |
|
|
10 |
|
|
443 |
|
Other |
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
(19 |
) |
|
(71 |
) |
Cash
provided by (used in) investing activities |
|
|
(341 |
) |
|
(202 |
) |
|
36 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
used by discontinued operations |
|
|
(25 |
) |
|
(5 |
) |
|
(40 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
change in cash and cash equivalents |
|
|
52 |
|
|
(585 |
) |
|
583 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
and cash equivalents ─ beginning balance |
|
|
18 |
|
|
603 |
|
|
20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
and cash equivalents ─ ending balance |
|
$ |
70 |
|
$ |
18 |
|
$ |
603 |
|
See
Notes to Financial Statements |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TXU
ENERGY COMPANY LLC
CONSOLIDATED
BALANCE SHEETS
ASSETS
|
|
December
31, |
|
|
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
|
|
Millions
of Dollars |
|
Current
assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
70 |
|
$ |
18 |
|
Restricted
cash |
|
|
6 |
|
|
─ |
|
Advances
to affiliates |
|
|
686 |
|
|
289 |
|
Accounts
receivable - trade |
|
|
1,139 |
|
|
943 |
|
Inventories |
|
|
284 |
|
|
386 |
|
Commodity
contract assets |
|
|
546 |
|
|
548 |
|
Other
current assets |
|
|
233 |
|
|
225 |
|
Total
current assets |
|
|
2,964 |
|
|
2,409 |
|
Investments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted
cash |
|
|
15 |
|
|
─ |
|
Other
investments |
|
|
538 |
|
|
479 |
|
Property,
plant and equipment — net |
|
|
9,920 |
|
|
10,345 |
|
Goodwill |
|
|
517 |
|
|
533 |
|
Commodity
contract assets |
|
|
315 |
|
|
109 |
|
Cash
flow hedge and other derivative assets |
|
|
8 |
|
|
88 |
|
Assets
held for sale |
|
|
17 |
|
|
59 |
|
Other
noncurrent assets |
|
|
221 |
|
|
126 |
|
Total
assets |
|
$ |
14,515 |
|
$ |
14,148 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIABILITIES
AND MEMBERSHIP INTERESTS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current
liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes
payable - banks |
|
$ |
210 |
|
$ |
─ |
|
Long-term
debt due currently |
|
|
31 |
|
|
1 |
|
Accounts
payable ─ trade: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Affiliates
(principally TXU Electric Delivery) |
|
|
191 |
|
|
211 |
|
All
other |
|
|
861 |
|
|
712 |
|
Notes
or other liabilities due TXU Electric Delivery |
|
|
49 |
|
|
13 |
|
Commodity
contract liabilities |
|
|
491 |
|
|
502 |
|
Accrued
taxes |
|
|
190 |
|
|
292 |
|
Other
current liabilities |
|
|
708 |
|
|
644 |
|
Total
current liabilities |
|
|
2,731 |
|
|
2,375 |
|
Accumulated
deferred income taxes |
|
|
1,927 |
|
|
1,950 |
|
Investment
tax credits |
|
|
342 |
|
|
360 |
|
Commodity
contract liabilities |
|
|
347 |
|
|
47 |
|
Cash
flow hedges and other derivative liabilities |
|
|
178 |
|
|
140 |
|
Notes
or other liabilities due TXU Electric Delivery |
|
|
386 |
|
|
423 |
|
Other
noncurrent liabilities and deferred credits |
|
|
1,270 |
|
|
1,262 |
|
Long-term
debt, less amounts due currently |
|
|
3,226 |
|
|
3,084 |
|
Exchangeable
preferred membership interest, net of discount ($239 and $253) |
|
|
511 |
|
|
497 |
|
Liabilities
held for sale |
|
|
6 |
|
|
11 |
|
Total
liabilities |
|
|
10,924 |
|
|
10,149 |
|
Contingencies
(Note 15) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Membership
interests |
|
|
3,591 |
|
|
3,999 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
liabilities and membership interests |
|
$ |
14,515 |
|
$ |
14,148 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See Notes
to Financial Statements.
TXU
ENERGY COMPANY LLC
STATEMENTS
OF CONSOLIDATED MEMBERSHIP INTERESTS
|
|
Year
Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
2002 |
|
|
|
Millions
of Dollars |
|
Membership
interests: |
|
|
|
Capital
accounts: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance
at beginning of year |
|
$ |
4,109 |
|
$ |
4,438 |
|
$ |
4,196 |
|
Net
income |
|
|
378 |
|
|
421 |
|
|
270 |
|
Distribution
paid to parent |
|
|
(700 |
) |
|
(750 |
) |
|
(777 |
) |
Transfer
of TXU Fuel ownership to parent |
|
|
(73 |
) |
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
Noncash
contributions related to share-based compensation |
|
|
28 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
Noncash
capital contribution related to issuance of exchangeable |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
subordinated
notes |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
|
266 |
|
Noncash
goodwill capital contribution |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
|
468 |
|
Conversion
of capital from (to) advances |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
|
15 |
|
Balance
at end of year |
|
|
3,742 |
|
|
4,109 |
|
|
4,438 |
|
Accumulated
other comprehensive income, net of tax effects: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Minimum
Pension Liability Adjustment: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance
at beginning of year |
|
|
(14 |
) |
|
(39 |
) |
|
─ |
|
Change
during the year |
|
|
7 |
|
|
25 |
|
|
(39 |
) |
Balance
at end of year |
|
|
(7 |
) |
|
(14 |
) |
|
(39 |
) |
Cash
flow hedges (SFAS 133): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance
at beginning of year |
|
|
(96 |
) |
|
(126 |
) |
|
16 |
|
Change
during the year |
|
|
(48 |
) |
|
30 |
|
|
(142 |
) |
Balance
at end of year |
|
|
(144 |
) |
|
(96 |
) |
|
(126 |
) |
Total
membership interests |
|
$ |
3,591 |
|
$ |
3,999 |
|
$ |
4,273 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See Notes
to Financial Statements.
TXU
ENERGY COMPANY LLC
NOTES
TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. BUSINESS
RESTRUCTURING AND OTHER ACTIONS
TXU
Energy Holdings is a wholly-owned subsidiary of US Holdings, which is a
wholly-owned subsidiary of TXU Corp. TXU Energy Holdings is engaged in
electricity generation and retail and wholesale energy sales. TXU Energy
Holdings is currently managed as an integrated business; consequently, there are
no reportable business segments.
TXU
Corp. Management Change and Restructuring Plan
Mr. C.
John Wilder, who was named president and chief executive of TXU Corp. in
February 2004, and senior management reviewed TXU Corp.’s operations during 2004
to identify and implement strategic initiatives designed to improve operational
and financial performance. Areas reviewed included:
|
· |
Noncore
business activities; |
|
· |
Cost
effectiveness of generation operations; |
|
· |
Administrative
cost structure, including organizational alignments and headcount;
and |
|
· |
Opportunities
to improve retail customer service. |
Management
believes that its actions in 2004 have resulted in sustainable profitability
improvements, principally through streamlining of the organization, optimization
of energy supply costs and improved customer retention. Certain of the actions
have resulted in unusual charges and credits impacting 2004 net income,
summarized as follows and discussed below in more detail:
|
|
Income
Statement |
|
Charge/(Credit)
to Earnings |
|
|
|
Classification |
|
Pretax |
|
After-tax |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Charges
related to leased equipment |
|
|
Other
deductions |
|
$ |
180 |
|
$ |
117 |
|
Software
write-off |
|
|
Other
deductions |
|
|
107 |
|
|
70 |
|
Employee
severance costs |
|
|
Other
deductions |
|
|
107 |
|
|
69 |
|
Power
purchase contract termination |
|
|
Other
deductions |
|
|
101 |
|
|
66 |
|
Spare
parts inventory write-down |
|
|
Other
deductions |
|
|
79 |
|
|
51 |
|
Outsourcing
transition costs |
|
|
Other
deductions |
|
|
10 |
|
|
6 |
|
Other
asset impairments |
|
|
Other
deductions |
|
|
6 |
|
|
4 |
|
Other
charges |
|
|
Operating
costs/SG&A |
|
|
8 |
|
|
6 |
|
Recognition
of deferred gain on plant sales |
|
|
Other
income |
|
|
(58 |
) |
|
(38 |
) |
Gain
on sale of undeveloped properties |
|
|
Other
income |
|
|
(19 |
) |
|
(12 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
$ |
521 |
|
$ |
339 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Following
is a discussion of the major activities associated with the restructuring plan:
Sale
of TXU Fuel
In April
2004, TXU Energy Holdings distributed the assets of TXU Fuel, its gas
transportation subsidiary, to US Holdings at book value, including $16 million
of allocated goodwill. In June 2004, US Holdings completed the sale of the
assets of TXU Fuel to Energy Transfer Partners, L.P. for $500 million in cash.
The assets of TXU Fuel Company consisted of approximately 1,900 miles of
intrastate pipeline and a total system capacity of 1.3 Bcf/day. As part of the
transaction, TXU Energy Holdings entered into a transportation agreement,
intended to be market-price based, with the new owner to transport gas to TXU
Energy Holdings’ generation plants. Because of the continuing involvement in the
business through the transportation agreement, the business has not been
accounted for as a discontinued operation.
Capgemini
Energy Outsourcing Agreement
In May
2004, as part of an overall arrangement initiated by and involving TXU Corp. and
its subsidiaries, TXU Energy Holdings entered into a services agreement with
Capgemini Energy LP (Capgemini), a new company initially providing business
process support services to TXU Corp. only, but immediately implementing a plan
to offer similar services to other utility companies. Under the ten-year
agreement, over 2,500 employees (including approximately 1,100 from TXU Energy
Holdings) transferred from subsidiaries of TXU Corp. to Capgemini effective July
1, 2004. Outsourced base support services performed by Capgemini for a fixed
fee, subject to adjustment for volumes or other factors, include information
technology, customer call center, billing, human resources, supply chain and
certain accounting activities.
As part
of the agreement, Capgemini was provided a royalty-free right, under an asset
license arrangement, to use TXU Corp.’s information technology assets,
consisting primarily of capitalized software. A portion of the software was in
development and had not yet been placed in service. As a result of outsourcing
its information technology activities, TXU Corp. no longer intends to develop
the software and from TXU Corp.’s perspective the software is abandoned. The
agreements with Capgemini do not require that any software in development be
completed and placed in service. Consequently, the carrying value of these
software projects was written off, resulting in a charge of $107 million ($70
million after-tax), related to TXU Energy Holdings’ portion of this software.
The remaining assets were transferred to a subsidiary of TXU Corp. at book value
in exchange for an interest in that subsidiary. Such interest is accounted for
by TXU Energy Holdings on the equity method, and TXU Energy Holdings recorded
equity losses (representing depreciation expense) of $5 million, reported in
other deductions.
TXU Corp.
(through the subsidiary) obtained a 2.9% limited partnership interest in
Capgemini in exchange for the asset license described above. TXU Corp. has the
right to sell (the “put option”) its interest and the licensed software to Cap
Gemini North America Inc. for $200 million, plus its share of Capgemini’s
undistributed earnings, upon expiration of the services agreement, or earlier
upon the occurrence of certain unexpected events. Cap Gemini North America Inc.
has the right to purchase these interests under the same terms and conditions.
The partnership interest has been recorded at an initial value of $2.9 million
and is being accounted for on the cost method.
TXU
Energy Holdings has recorded its share of the fair value of the put option,
estimated at $103 million, as a noncurrent asset. Of this amount, $98 million
was recorded as a reduction to the carrying value of the equity investment. This
accounting is in accordance with guidance related to sales and licensing of
internally developed software described in AICPA Statement of Position 98-1,
“Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software Developed or Obtained for
Internal Use.” The difference of $5 million, which represented the fair value of
the assumed cash distributions and gains while holding the partnership interest
for the period prior to exercise of the put, was recorded as a noncurrent
deferred credit. The remaining balance of the software is being amortized over
the estimated remaining useful lives.
Also as
part of the agreement, TXU Corp. agreed to indemnify Capgemini for severance
costs incurred by Capgemini for former TXU Corp. employees terminated within 18
months of their transfer to Capgemini. Accordingly, in the second quarter of
2004, TXU Energy Holdings recorded a $27 million ($18 million after-tax) charge
for its share of severance liabilities. In addition, TXU Corp. committed to pay
up to $25 million for costs associated with transitioning the outsourced
activities to Capgemini. During 2004, TXU Energy Holdings recorded its share of
transition expenses of $10 million ($6 million after-tax).
Generation
Facility Closures and Sales
In
December 2004, TXU Energy Holdings committed to immediately cease operating for
its own benefit nine leased gas-fired combustion turbines, and recorded a charge
of $157 million ($102 million after-tax). The charge represents the present
value of the future lease payments related to the turbines, net of estimated
sublease proceeds. The leases expire in 2017 and 2018. TXU Energy Holdings is
currently evaluating opportunities with respect to the turbines, including
subleasing the turbines to third parties or decommissioning the turbines. During
this evaluation period, the turbines will be available to ERCOT only for system
reliability purposes.
In
November 2004, TXU Energy Holdings announced plans to deactivate, or mothball,
eight gas-fired operating units due to electric industry market conditions in
Texas. The units were more than 30 years old and had operated only sparingly
during the last two years. The facility closures resulted in employee severance
costs of $7 million ($5 million after-tax).
In the
second quarter of 2004, TXU Energy Holdings initiated a plan to sell the
Pedricktown, New Jersey 122 MW power production facility and exit the related
power supply and gas transportation agreements. Accordingly, TXU Energy Holdings
recorded an impairment charge of $26 million ($17 million after-tax) to write
down the facility to estimated fair market value. The results of the business
and the impairment charge are reported in discontinued operations, as discussed
in Note 4 to Financial Statements.
In March
2004, TXU Energy Holdings announced the planned permanent retirement, completed
in the second quarter of 2004, of eight gas-fired operating units. TXU Energy
Holdings also temporarily closed four other gas-fired units and placed them
under evaluation for retirement. A majority of the 12 units were designated as
“peaking units” and operated only during the summer for many years and had
operated only sparingly during the last two years. TXU Energy Holdings also
closed its Winfield North Monticello lignite mine in Texas, as it was no longer
economical to operate when compared to the cost of purchasing coal to fuel the
adjacent generation facility. A total charge of $8 million ($5 million
after-tax) was recorded for employee severance costs and impairments related to
the various facility closures.
As a
result of the various actions in 2004, TXU Energy Holdings will permanently or
temporarily deactivate over 40% of its gas-fired generating capacity in Texas,
representing 4,572 MW of capacity.
Other
Actions Related to Generation Operations
In
December 2004, TXU Energy Holdings executed an agreement to terminate, for a
payment of $172 million, an existing power purchase and tolling agreement that
would have expired in 2006. The agreement was entered into in connection with
the sale of two generation plants to the counterparty in 2001. As a result of
the transaction, TXU Energy Holdings recorded a charge of $101 million ($66
million after-tax). The charge represents the payment amount less the remaining
out-of-the-money liability related to the agreement originally recorded at its
inception. TXU Energy Holdings also recorded a gain of $58 million ($38 million
after-tax), representing the remaining deferred gains from the sale of the two
plants.
In
October 2004, TXU Energy Holdings entered into an agreement to terminate the
operating lease for certain mining equipment for approximately $28 million in
cash, effective November 1, 2004. The lease termination resulted in a charge of
$21 million ($14 million after-tax). TXU Energy Holdings entered into a
short-term lease with an unrelated third party for the equipment, which is
expected to be taken out of service at the expiration of the lease.
As part
of a review of its generation asset portfolio in the second quarter of 2004, TXU
Energy Holdings completed a review of its spare parts and equipment inventory to
determine the appropriate level of such inventory. The review included nuclear,
coal and gas-fired generation-related facilities. As a result of this review,
TXU Energy Holdings recorded a charge of $79 million ($51 million after-tax), to
reflect excess inventory on hand and to write down carrying values to scrap
values.
Organizational
Realignment and Headcount Reductions
During
2004, management completed a comprehensive organizational review, including an
analysis of staffing requirements. As a result, TXU Energy Holdings completed a
self-nomination severance program and other involuntary severance actions, and
recorded severance charges totaling $65 million ($41 million after-tax). This
amount includes $26 million in allocated corporate services severance charges.
Discontinued
Businesses — Note 4
presents detailed information regarding the discontinued New Jersey generation
operations and the strategic retail services business. The consolidated
financial statements for all periods presented reflect the reclassification of
the results of these businesses as discontinued operations.
2. SIGNIFICANT
ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND CHANGES IN ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
Basis
of Presentation — The
consolidated financial statements of TXU Energy Holdings have been prepared in
accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the US and on the
same basis as the audited financial statements included in its 2003 Form 8-K,
except for changes in estimates of depreciable lives of assets and the early
adoption of SFAS 123R discussed below. In the opinion of management, all other
adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) necessary for a fair
presentation of the results of operations and financial position have been
included therein. The financial statements reflect reclassification of prior
period amounts to conform to the current period presentation. All intercompany
items and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. All dollar amounts
in the financial statements and tables in the notes are stated in millions of US
dollars unless otherwise indicated.
Use
of Estimates — The
preparation of TXU Energy Holdings’ financial statements requires management to
make estimates and assumptions about future events that affect the reporting of
assets and liabilities at the balance sheet dates and the reported amounts of
revenue and expense, including mark-to-market valuation adjustments. In the
event estimates and/or assumptions prove to be different from actual amounts,
adjustments are made in subsequent periods to reflect more current information.
No material adjustments, other than those disclosed elsewhere herein, were made
to previous estimates or assumptions during the current year.
Financial
Instruments and Mark-to-Market Accounting — TXU
Energy Holdings enters into financial instruments, including options, swaps,
futures, forwards and other contractual commitments primarily to manage
commodity prices and interest rate risks. In accordance with SFAS 133, the fair
value of each derivative is recognized on the balance sheet and changes in the
fair value recognized in earnings. This recognition is referred to as
“mark-to-market” accounting. However, if certain criteria are met, TXU Energy
Holdings may elect the normal purchase and sale exception or may designate the
derivative as a cash flow or fair value hedge. As these elections can reduce the
volatility in earnings resulting from fluctuations in fair value, results of
operations could be materially affected by such elections. A cash flow hedge
mitigates the risk associated with variable future cash flows (e.g., a future
sale at market prices), while a fair value hedge mitigates risk associated with
fixed future cash flows (e.g., debt with fixed interest rate payments).
In
accounting for cash flow hedges, derivative assets and liabilities are recorded
on the balance sheet at fair value with an offset in other comprehensive income.
Amounts remain in other comprehensive income, provided the underlying
transactions remain probable of occurring, and are reclassified into earnings as
the underlying transactions occur. Fair value hedges are recorded as derivative
assets or liabilities with an offset to the carrying value of the related asset
or liability. Any ineffectiveness associated with the hedges is recorded in
earnings. TXU Energy Holdings did not recognize any ineffectiveness related to
fair value hedges in 2004.
Revenue
Recognition — TXU
Energy Holdings records revenue from electricity sales under the accrual method.
Revenues
are recognized when power is provided to customers on the basis of periodic
cycle meter readings and include an estimated accrual for the value provided
from the meter reading date to the end of the period. The unbilled revenue is
calculated at the end of the period based on estimated daily consumption after
the meter read date to the end of the period. For retail electric sales,
estimated daily consumption is derived using historical customer profiles
adjusted for weather and other measurable factors affecting consumption.
Realized
and unrealized gains and losses from transacting in energy-related contracts,
principally for the purpose of hedging margins on sales of energy, are reported
as a component of revenues.
Accounting
for Contingencies —
The
financial results of TXU Energy Holdings may be affected by judgments and
estimates related to loss contingencies. Accruals for loss contingencies are
recorded when management determines that it is probable that an asset has been
impaired or a liability has been incurred and that such economic loss can be
reasonably estimated. Such determinations are subject to interpretations of
current facts and circumstances, forecasts of future events and estimates of the
financial impacts of such events.
Investments
— Deposits
in a nuclear decommissioning trust fund are accounted for as trading securities
and are therefore carried at fair value in the balance sheet. Investments in
unconsolidated business entities over which TXU Energy Holdings has significant
influence but does not maintain effective control, generally representing
ownership of at least 20% and not more than 50% of common equity, are accounted
for under the equity method. Assets related to employee benefit plans are held
to satisfy deferred compensation liabilities and are recorded at market value.
(See Note 5 - Investments).
Property,
Plant and Equipment -
Properties are stated at original cost. The cost of property additions includes
direct labor and materials and applicable overhead, including payroll-related
costs.
Depreciation
of TXU Energy Holdings’ property, plant and equipment is calculated on a
straight-line basis over the estimated service lives of the properties.
Depreciation includes the effect of asset retirement obligations as prescribed
by SFAS 143 (see Note 3). As is common in the industry, TXU Energy Holdings
records depreciation expense using composite depreciation rates that reflect
blended estimates of the lives of major asset components as compared to
depreciation expense calculated on an asset-by-asset basis. Consolidated
depreciation expense as a percent of average depreciable property approximated
2.0% for 2004, 2.2% for 2003 and 2.6% for 2002.
Effective
January 1, 2004, the estimates of depreciable lives of lignite-fired generation
facilities were extended an average of nine years to better reflect the useful
lives of the assets, and depreciation rates for the Comanche Peak nuclear
generating plant were decreased as a result of an increase in the estimated
lives of boiler and turbine generator components of the plant by an average of
five years. The net impact of these changes was a reduction in depreciation
expense of $44 million ($29 million after-tax) in 2004.
Effective
April 1, 2003, the estimates of the depreciable lives of the Comanche Peak
nuclear generating plant and several gas generation plants were extended to
better reflect the useful lives of the assets. At the same time, depreciation
rates were increased on lignite and gas generation facilities to reflect
investments in emissions control equipment. The net impact of these changes was
a reduction in depreciation expense of an additional $12 million ($8 million
after-tax) in 2004 and $37 million ($24 million after-tax) in 2003.
Allowance
For Funds Used During Construction (AFUDC) and Interest Capitalized
— AFUDC is
a cost accounting procedure whereby amounts based upon interest charges on
borrowed funds and a return on equity capital used to finance construction are
added to utility plant and equipment being constructed. Prior to July 1, 1999
AFUDC was capitalized for all expenditures for ongoing construction work in
progress and nuclear fuel in process not otherwise included in rate base by
regulatory authorities. As a result of the 1999 Restructuring Legislation, only
interest is capitalized during any generation construction since 1999. Interest
on qualifying projects for businesses that are not regulated is capitalized in
accordance with SFAS 34. See Note 16 for detail of amounts.
Impairment
of Long-Lived Assets — TXU
Energy Holdings evaluates long-lived assets for impairment whenever indications
of impairment exist, in accordance with the requirement of SFAS 144. The
determination of the existence of indications of impairment involves judgments
that are subjective in nature and may require the use of estimates in
forecasting future results and cash flows related to an asset or group of
assets.
In 2002,
TXU Energy Holdings recorded an impairment charge of $237 million ($154 million
after-tax), reported in other deductions, for the writedown of two generation
plant construction projects as a result of weaker wholesale electricity market
conditions and reduced planned developmental capital spending. Fair value was
determined based on appraisals of property and equipment.
Major
Maintenance — Major
maintenance outage costs related to nuclear fuel reloads, as well as the costs
of other major maintenance programs, are charged to expense as incurred.
Amortization
of Nuclear Fuel — The
amortization of nuclear fuel in the reactors is calculated on the
units-of-production method and is included in cost of energy sold.
Pension
and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans — TXU
Energy Holdings is a participating employer in the defined benefit pension plan
and cash balance plan sponsored by TXU Corp. TXU Energy Holdings also
participates with TXU Corp. to offer certain health care and life insurance
benefits to eligible employees and their eligible dependents upon the retirement
of such employees. Reported costs of providing pension and other postretirement
benefits are dependent upon numerous factors, assumptions and estimates.
See Note 11 for information regarding retirement plans and other
postretirement benefit plans.
Franchise
and Revenue-Based Taxes —
Franchise and revenue-based taxes such as gross receipt taxes are not a “pass
through” item such as sales and excise taxes. Gross receipts taxes are assessed
to TXU Energy Holdings by state and local governmental bodies, primarily based
on revenues, as a cost of doing business. TXU Energy Holdings records gross
receipts tax as an expense. Rates charged to customers by TXU Energy Holdings
are intended to recover the taxes, but TXU Energy Holdings is not acting as an
agent to collect the taxes from customers.
Income
Taxes —
TXU Corp.
files a consolidated federal income tax return, and federal income taxes are
allocated to subsidiaries based upon their respective taxable income or loss.
Investment tax credits are amortized to income over the estimated service lives
of properties. Deferred income taxes are provided for temporary differences
between the book and tax basis of assets and liabilities.
Cash
Equivalents — For
purposes of reporting cash and cash equivalents, temporary cash investments
purchased with a remaining maturity of three months or less are considered to be
cash equivalents.
Changes
in Accounting Standards — SFAS
123R was issued in December 2004. SFAS 123R is a revision of SFAS 123 and
supersedes APB 25. TXU Corp. grants awards of restricted stock and performance
units paid in stock and early adopted SFAS 123R in determining reported expenses
for these awards in 2004. See Note 9 for additional discussion.
FIN 46R
was issued in December 2003 and was effective January 1, 2004, and replaced FIN
46, which was issued in January 2003. FIN 46R expands and clarifies the guidance
originally contained in FIN 46, regarding consolidation of variable interest
entities. FIN 46R did not impact results of operations or financial position for
2004.
In
October 2002, the EITF, through EITF 02-3, rescinded EITF 98-10, which required
mark-to-market accounting for all trading activities. SFAS 143, regarding asset
retirement obligations, became effective on January 1, 2003. As a result of the
implementation of these two accounting standards, TXU Energy Holdings recorded a
cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles as of January 1, 2003. See
Note 3 for additional discussion.
As a
result of guidance provided in EITF 02-3, in 2003 TXU Energy Holdings
discontinued recognizing origination gains on energy contracts. For 2002, TXU
Energy Holdings recognized $40 million in origination gains on retail sales
contracts. Because of the short-term nature of these contracts, a portion of
these gains would have been recognized on a settlement basis in 2002.
3. CUMULATIVE
EFFECT OF CHANGES IN ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES
SFAS 123R
was issued in December 2004. TXU Corp. early adopted SFAS 123R effective October
1, 2004 and TXU Energy Holdings recorded a cumulative effect of change in
accounting principle of a $4 million after-tax credit. See Note 9 for additional
discussion.
The
following summarizes the effect on results for 2003 for changes in accounting
principles effective January 1, 2003:
Charge
from rescission of EITF 98-10, net of tax effect of $34
million |
|
$ |
(63 |
) |
Credit
from adoption of SFAS 143, net of tax effect of $3 million |
|
|
5 |
|
Total
net charge |
|
$ |
(58 |
) |
On
October 25, 2002, the EITF, through EITF 02-3, rescinded EITF 98-10, which
required mark-to-market accounting for all trading activities. Pursuant to this
rescission, only financial instruments that are derivatives under SFAS 133 are
subject to mark-to-market accounting. Financial instruments that may not be
derivatives under SFAS 133, but were marked-to-market under EITF 98-10, consist
primarily of gas transportation and storage agreements, power tolling, full
requirements and capacity contracts. This new accounting rule was effective for
new contracts entered into after October 25, 2002. Nonderivative contracts
entered into prior to October 26, 2002, continued to be accounted for at fair
value through December 31, 2002; however, effective January 1, 2003, such
contracts were required to be accounted for on a settlement basis. Accordingly,
a charge of $97 million ($63 million after-tax) was reported as a cumulative
effect of a change in accounting principles in the first quarter of 2003. Of the
total, $75 million reduced net commodity contract assets and liabilities and $22
million reduced inventory that had previously been marked-to-market as a trading
position. The cumulative effect adjustment represents the net gains previously
recognized for these contracts under mark-to-market accounting.
SFAS 143
became effective on January 1, 2003. SFAS 143 requires entities to record the
fair value of a legal liability for an asset retirement obligation in the period
of its inception. For TXU Energy Holdings, such liabilities primarily relate to
nuclear generation plant decommissioning, land reclamation related to lignite
mining and removal of lignite plant ash treatment facilities. The liability is
recorded at its net present value with a corresponding increase in the carrying
value of the related long-lived asset. The liability is accreted each period,
representing the time value of money, and the capitalized cost is depreciated
over the remaining useful life of the related asset.
As the
new accounting rule required retrospective application to the inception of the
liability, the effects of the adoption reflect the accretion and depreciation
from the liability inception date through December 31, 2002. Further, the
effects of adoption take into consideration liabilities of $215 million
(previously reflected in accumulated depreciation) TXU Energy Holdings had
previously recorded as depreciation expense and $26 million (reflected in other
noncurrent liabilities) of unrealized net gains associated with the
decommissioning trusts.
The
following table summarizes the impact as of January 1, 2003 of adopting SFAS
143:
Increase
in property, plant and equipment - net |
|
$ |
488 |
|
Increase
in other noncurrent liabilities and deferred credits |
|
|
(528 |
) |
Increase
in accumulated deferred income taxes |
|
|
(3 |
) |
Increase
in affiliated receivable |
|
|
48 |
|
Cumulative
effect of change in accounting principles |
|
$ |
5 |
|
The asset
retirement liability at December 31, 2004 was $631 million, comprised of a $599
million liability as of December 31, 2003, $39 million of accretion during the
twelve months of 2004, reduced by $26 million in reclamation payments. The asset
retirement obligations were adjusted upward by $19 million due to revisions in
estimated cash flows.
With
respect to nuclear decommissioning costs, TXU Energy Holdings believes that the
adoption of SFAS 143 results primarily in timing differences in the recognition
of asset retirement costs that TXU Energy Holdings is currently recovering
through the regulatory process.
On a pro
forma basis, assuming SFAS 143 had been adopted at the beginning of the year,
earnings for 2002 would have increased by $6.5 million after-tax, and the
liability for asset retirement obligations as of December 31, 2002 would have
been $554 million.
4. DISCONTINUED
OPERATIONS
he
following summarizes the historical consolidated financial information of the
various businesses to be sold:
|
|
Strategic
Retail Services |
|
Pedrick-
town |
|
Total |
|
2004 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating
revenues |
|
$ |
17 |
|
$ |
32 |
|
$ |
49 |
|
Operating
costs and expenses |
|
|
20 |
|
|
37 |
|
|
57 |
|
Other
deductions (income) — net |
|
|
10 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
10 |
|
Interest
income |
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
─ |
|
|
(1 |
) |
Operating
loss before income taxes |
|
|
(12 |
) |
|
(5 |
) |
|
(17 |
) |
Income
tax benefit |
|
|
(4 |
) |
|
(2 |
) |
|
(6 |
) |
Charges
related to exit (after-tax) |
|
|
6 |
|
|
17 |
|
|
23 |
|
Loss
from discontinued operations |
|
$ |
(14 |
) |
$ |
(20 |
) |
$ |
(34 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating
revenues |
|
$ |
60 |
|
$ |
22 |
|
$ |
82 |
|
Operating
costs and expenses |
|
|
60 |
|
|
28 |
|
|
88 |
|
Other
deductions (income) — net |
|
|
11 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
11 |
|
Interest
income |
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
─ |
|
|
(1 |
) |
Interest
expense and related charges |
|
|
1 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
1 |
|
Operating
loss before income taxes |
|
|
(11 |
) |
|
(6 |
) |
|
(17 |
) |
Income
tax benefit |
|
|
(4 |
) |
|
(2 |
) |
|
(6 |
) |
Charges
related to exit (after-tax) |
|
|
7 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
7 |
|
Loss
from discontinued operations |
|
$ |
(14 |
) |
$ |
(4 |
) |
$ |
(18 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating
revenues |
|
$ |
47 |
|
$ |
18 |
|
$ |
65 |
|
Operating
costs and expenses |
|
|
122 |
|
|
22 |
|
|
144 |
|
Interest
expense and related charges |
|
|
1 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
1 |
|
Operating
loss before income taxes |
|
|
(76 |
) |
|
(4 |
) |
|
(80 |
) |
Income
tax benefit |
|
|
(27 |
) |
|
(1 |
) |
|
(28 |
) |
Loss
from discontinued operations |
|
$ |
(49 |
) |
$ |
(3 |
) |
$ |
(52 |
) |
Strategic
Retail Services — In
December 2003, TXU Energy Holdings finalized a plan to sell its strategic retail
services business, which was engaged principally in providing energy management
services. Results in 2004 reflect a $9 million ($6 million after-tax) charge
recorded in the second quarter to settle a contract dispute. Substantially all
disposition activities have been completed.
Pedricktown —
In the
second quarter of 2004, TXU Energy Holdings initiated a plan to sell the
Pedricktown, New Jersey 122 MW power production facility and exit the related
power supply and gas transportation agreements. Accordingly, results for the
second quarter of 2004 included a $17 million after-tax charge to write down the
facility to estimated fair market value.
Balance
sheet
- - The
following details the assets and liabilities of the Pedricktown operations held
for sale:
|
|
December
31, |
|
|
|
2004 |
|
|
|
|
|
Current
assets |
|
$ |
2 |
|
Property,
plant and equipment |
|
|
15 |
|
Assets
held for sale |
|
$ |
17 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current
liabilities |
|
$ |
3 |
|
Noncurrent
liabilities |
|
|
3 |
|
Liabilities
held for sale |
|
$ |
6 |
|
5. INVESTMENTS
The
following information is a summary of the investment balance as of December 31,
2004 and 2003 (in millions):
|
|
December
31, |
|
|
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nuclear
decommissioning trust |
|
$ |
361 |
|
$ |
323 |
|
Investment
in affiliate holding Capgemini-related assets |
|
|
31 |
|
|
─ |
|
Land |
|
|
82 |
|
|
87 |
|
Assets
related to employee benefit plans |
|
|
43 |
|
|
40 |
|
Miscellaneous
other |
|
|
21 |
|
|
29 |
|
Total
investments |
|
$ |
538 |
|
$ |
479 |
|
Nuclear
Decommissioning Trust —
Deposits in a trust fund for costs to decommission the Comanche Peak
nuclear-powered generation plant are carried at fair value, with the cumulative
increase in fair value recorded as a liability (Also see Note 15 - under
Nuclear
Decommissioning).
Decommissioning costs are being recovered from TXU Electric Delivery’s customers
as a transmission and distribution charge over the life of the plant and
deposited in the trust fund. Activity in the trust fund was as follows:
|
|
December
31, 2004 |
|
|
|
Cost |
|
Unrealized
gain |
|
Unrealized
(loss) |
|
Fair
market value |
|
Debt
securities |
|
$ |
142 |
|
$ |
7 |
|
$ |
(1 |
) |
$ |
148 |
|
Equity
securities |
|
|
143 |
|
|
82 |
|
|
(12 |
) |
|
213 |
|
|
|
$ |
285 |
|
$ |
89 |
|
$ |
(13 |
) |
$ |
361 |
|
|
|
December
31, 2003 |
|
|
|
Cost |
|
Unrealized
gain |
|
Unrealized
(loss) |
|
Fair
market value |
|
Debt
securities |
|
$ |
139 |
|
$ |
6 |
|
$ |
(2 |
) |
$ |
143 |
|
Equity
securities |
|
|
126 |
|
|
66 |
|
|
(12 |
) |
|
180 |
|
|
|
$ |
265 |
|
$ |
72 |
|
$ |
(14 |
) |
$ |
323 |
|
Debt
securities held at December 31, 2004 mature as follows: $62 million in one to
five years, $52 million in five to ten years and $34 million after ten years.
6. SHORT-TERM
FINANCING
Short-term
Borrowings — At
December 31, 2004, TXU Energy Holdings had outstanding short-term borrowings
consisting of bank borrowings of $210 million at a weighted average interest
rate of 5.25%. At December 31, 2003, TXU Energy Holdings had no outstanding
short-term borrowings.
Credit
Facilities — At
December 31, 2004, TXU Corp. had access to credit facilities (some of which
provide for long-term borrowings) as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
At
December 31, 2004 |
|
|
|
Maturity |
|
Authorized |
|
Facility |
|
Letters
of |
|
Cash |
|
|
|
Facility |
|
Date |
|
Borrowers |
|
Limit |
|
Credit |
|
Borrowings |
|
Availability |
|
364-day
Credit Facility |
|
|
June
2005 |
|
|
TXU
Energy Holdings, TXU Electric Delivery |
|
$ |
600 |
|
$ |
75 |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
525 |
|
Three-Year
Revolving Credit Facility |
|
|
June
2007 |
|
|
TXU
Energy Holdings, TXU Electric Delivery |
|
|
1,400 |
|
|
18 |
|
|
210 |
|
|
1,172 |
|
Five-Year
Revolving Credit Facility |
|
|
December
2005 |
|
|
TXU
Corp. |
|
|
425 |
|
|
419 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
6 |
|
Five-Year
Revolving Credit Facility |
|
|
June
2009 |
|
|
TXU
Energy Holdings, TXU Electric Delivery |
|
|
500 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
|
500 |
|
Five-Year
Revolving Credit Facility |
|
|
December
2009 |
|
|
TXU
Energy Holdings |
|
|
500 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
|
500 |
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
3,425 |
|
$ |
512 |
|
$ |
210 |
|
$ |
2,703 |
|
TXU
Corp.’s $500 million five-year revolving credit facility that provided for up to
$500 million in letters of credit and/or up to $250 million of loans ($500
million in the aggregate) was amended to reduce the credit facility to $425
million in December 2004. To the extent capacity was available under this
facility, it was made available to US Holdings, TXU Energy Holdings and TXU
Electric Delivery.
In
November 2004, TXU Energy Holdings entered into a five-year revolving credit
facility that allows for revolving loans and letters of credit. Letters of
credit may total up to $500 million. Revolving loans may total up to $250
million. The aggregate amount of borrowings outstanding at any one time may not
exceed $500 million. TXU Energy Holdings intends to use this facility for
general and corporate purposes, including, in the case of letters of credit,
support for pollution control revenue bonds.
In June
2004, US Holdings, TXU Energy Holdings and TXU Electric Delivery replaced $2.25
billion of credit facilities scheduled to mature in 2005 with $2.5 billion of
credit facilities for TXU Energy Holdings and TXU Electric Delivery maturing in
June 2005, 2007 and 2009. These facilities are used for working capital and
general corporate purposes and provide back-up for any future issuances of
commercial paper by TXU Energy Holdings or TXU Electric Delivery. At December
31, 2004, there was no such commercial paper outstanding.
Sale
of Receivables — TXU
Corp. has established an accounts receivable securitization program. The
activity under this program is accounted for as a sale of accounts receivable in
accordance with SFAS 140. Under the program, subsidiaries of TXU Corp.
(originators) sell trade accounts receivable to TXU Receivables Company, a
consolidated wholly-owned bankruptcy remote direct subsidiary of TXU Corp.,
which sells undivided interests in the purchased accounts receivable for cash to
special purpose entities established by financial institutions (the funding
entities). As of December 31, 2004, $411 million of undivided interests in TXU
Energy Holdings’ accounts receivable had been sold by TXU Receivables Company.
Effective
June 30, 2004, the program was extended through June 28, 2005. As part of the
extension, the maximum amount available to TXU Corp. under the program was
increased from $600 million to $700 million in recognition of seasonal power
sales. Additionally, the extension allows for increased availability of funding
through a credit ratings-based reduction (based on each originator’s credit
rating) of customer deposits previously used to reduce the amount of undivided
interests that could be sold. Undivided interests will now be reduced by 100% of
the customer deposits for a Baa3/BBB- rating; 50% for a Baa2/BBB rating; and
zero % for a Baa1/BBB+ and above rating.
All new
trade receivables under the program generated by the originators are
continuously purchased by TXU Receivables Company with the proceeds from
collections of receivables previously purchased. Changes in the amount of
funding under the program, through changes in the amount of undivided interests
sold by TXU Receivables Company, are generally due to seasonal variations in the
level of accounts receivable and changes in collection trends. TXU Receivables
Company has issued subordinated notes payable to the originators for the
difference between the face amount of the uncollected accounts receivable
purchased, less a discount, and cash paid to the originators that was funded by
the sale of the undivided interests. The balance of the subordinated notes
receivable, which is reported in accounts receivable, was $293 million at
December 31, 2004 and $429 million at December 31, 2003 and reported in the
balance sheet as accounts receivable.
The
discount from face amount on the purchase of receivables principally funds
program fees paid by TXU Receivables Company to the funding entities, as well as
a servicing fee paid by TXU Receivables Company to TXU Business Services, a
direct subsidiary of TXU Corp. The program fees (losses on sale), which consist
primarily of interest costs on the underlying financing, were approximately $10
million in both 2004 and 2003 and $20 million in 2002 and approximated 2.1%,
2.4% and 3.7% for 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively, of the average funding
under the program on an annualized basis; these fees represent the net
incremental costs of the program to TXU Energy Holdings and are reported in
SG&A expenses. The servicing fee, which totaled approximately $6 million in
2004 and 2003 and $8 million in 2002, compensates TXU Business Services for its
services as collection agent, including maintaining the detailed accounts
receivable collection records.
The
December 31, 2004 balance sheet reflects $704 million face amount of trade
accounts receivable reduced by $411 million of undivided interests sold by TXU
Receivables Company. Funding under the program decreased $93 million in 2004,
increased $75 million in 2003 and decreased $1 million in 2002. Funding
increases or decreases under the program are reflected as operating cash flow
activity in the statement of cash flows. The carrying amount of the retained
interests in the accounts receivable approximated fair value due to the
short-term nature of the collection period.
Activities
of TXU Receivables Company related to TXU Energy Holdings for 2004, 2003 and
2002 were as follows:
|
|
Year
Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
2002 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
collections on accounts receivable |
|
$ |
6,751 |
|
$ |
6,791 |
|
$ |
5,611 |
|
Face
amount of new receivables purchased |
|
|
(6,522 |
) |
|
(6,351 |
) |
|
(6,300 |
) |
Discount
from face amount of purchased receivables |
|
|
16 |
|
|
16 |
|
|
28 |
|
Program
fees paid |
|
|
(10 |
) |
|
(10 |
) |
|
(20 |
) |
Servicing
fees paid |
|
|
(6 |
) |
|
(6 |
) |
|
(8 |
) |
Increase
(decrease) in subordinated notes payable |
|
|
(136 |
) |
|
(515 |
) |
|
690 |
|
Operating
cash flows used by (provided to) TXU Energy Holdings under the
program |
|
$ |
93 |
|
$ |
(75 |
) |
$ |
1 |
|
Upon
termination of the program, cash flows to TXU Energy Holdings would be delayed
as collections of sold receivables would be used by TXU Receivables Company to
repurchase the undivided interests sold instead of purchasing new receivables.
The level of cash flows would normalize in approximately 16 to 31 days.
Contingencies
Related to Sale of Receivables Program —
Although TXU Receivables Company expects to be able to pay its subordinated
notes from the collections of purchased receivables, these notes are
subordinated to the undivided interests of the financial institutions in those
receivables, and collections might not be sufficient to pay the subordinated
notes. The program may be terminated if either of the following events occurs:
1) all of
the originators cease to maintain their required fixed charge coverage ratio and
debt to capital (leverage) ratio;
2) the
delinquency ratio (delinquent for 31 days) for the sold receivables, the default
ratio (delinquent for 91
days or deemed uncollectible), the dilution ratio (reductions for discounts,
disputes and other
allowances) or the days collection outstanding ratio exceed stated thresholds
and the financial
institutions do not waive such event of termination. The thresholds apply to the
entire
portfolio of sold receivables, not separately to the receivables of each
originator.
The
delinquency and dilution ratios exceeded the relevant thresholds during the
first four months of 2003, but waivers were granted. These ratios were affected
by issues related to the transition to competition. Certain billing and
collection delays arose due to implementation of new systems and processes
within TXU Energy Holdings and ERCOT for clearing customers’ switching and
billing data. Also, strengthened credit and collection policies and practices
have brought the ratios into consistent compliance with the program
requirements.
Under
terms of the receivables sale program, all the originators are required to
maintain specified fixed charge coverage and leverage ratios (or supply a parent
guarantor that meets the ratio requirements). The failure, by an originator or
its parent guarantor, if any, to maintain the specified financial ratios would
prevent that originator from selling its accounts receivable under the program.
If all the originators and the parent guarantor, if any, fail to maintain the
specified financial ratios so that there are no eligible originators, the
facility would terminate.
7. LONG-TERM
DEBT
Long-term
Debt — At
December 31, 2004 and 2003, the long-term debt of TXU Energy Holdings and its
consolidated subsidiaries consisted of the following:
|
|
December
31, |
|
December
31, |
|
|
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pollution
Control Revenue Bonds: |
|
|
|
|
|
Brazos
River Authority: |
|
|
|
|
|
3.000%
Fixed Series 1994A due May 1, 2029, remarketing date May 1,
2005(a) |
|
$ |
39 |
|
$ |
39 |
|
5.400%
Fixed Series 1994B due May 1, 2029, remarketing date May 1,
2006(a) |
|
|
39 |
|
|
39 |
|
5.400%
Fixed Series 1995A due April 1, 2030, remarketing date May 1,
2006(a) |
|
|
50 |
|
|
50 |
|
5.050%
Fixed Series 1995B due June 1, 2030, remarketing date June 19,
2006(a) |
|
|
114 |
|
|
118 |
|
7.700%
Fixed Series 1999A due April 1, 2033 |
|
|
111 |
|
|
111 |
|
6.750%
Fixed Series 1999B due September 1, 2034, remarketing date April 1,
2013(a) |
|
|
16 |
|
|
16 |
|
7.700%
Fixed Series 1999C due March 1, 2032 |
|
|
50 |
|
|
50 |
|
4.950%
Fixed Series 2001A due October 1, 2030, remarketing date April 1,
2004(a) |
|
|
— |
|
|
121 |
|
4.750%
Fixed Series 2001B due May 1, 2029, remarketing date November 1,
2006(a) |
|
|
19 |
|
|
19 |
|
5.750%
Fixed Series 2001C due May 1, 2036, remarketing date November 1,
2011(a) |
|
|
217 |
|
|
274 |
|
2.030%
Floating Series 2001D due May 1, 2033(b) |
|
|
268 |
|
|
271 |
|
2.450%
Floating Taxable Series 2001I due December 1, 2036(b) |
|
|
62 |
|
|
63 |
|
2.030%
Floating Series 2002A due May 1, 2037(b) |
|
|
45 |
|
|
61 |
|
6.750%
Fixed Series 2003A due April 1, 2038, remarketing date April 1,
2013(a) |
|
|
44 |
|
|
44 |
|
6.300%
Fixed Series 2003B due July 1, 2032 |
|
|
39 |
|
|
39 |
|
6.750%
Fixed Series 2003C due October 1, 2038 |
|
|
52 |
|
|
72 |
|
5.400%
Fixed Series 2003D due October 1, 2029, remarketing date October 1,
2014(a) |
|
|
31 |
|
|
31 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sabine
River Authority of Texas: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.450%
Fixed Series 2000A due June 1, 2021 |
|
|
51 |
|
|
51 |
|
5.500%
Fixed Series 2001A due May 1, 2022, remarketing date November 1,
2011(a) |
|
|
91 |
|
|
91 |
|
5.750%
Fixed Series 2001B due May 1, 2030, remarketing date November 1,
2011(a) |
|
|
107 |
|
|
107 |
|
5.800%
Fixed Series 2003A due July 1, 2022 |
|
|
12 |
|
|
12 |
|
6.150%
Fixed Series 2003B due August 1, 2022 |
|
|
45 |
|
|
45 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trinity
River Authority of Texas: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.250%
Fixed Series 2000A due May 1, 2028 |
|
|
14 |
|
|
14 |
|
5.000%
Fixed Series 2001A due May 1, 2027, remarketing date November 1,
2006(a) |
|
|
37 |
|
|
37 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.875%
TXU Mining Fixed Senior Notes due August 1, 2005 |
|
|
30 |
|
|
30 |
|
6.125%
Fixed Senior Notes due March 15, 2008(c) |
|
|
250 |
|
|
250 |
|
7.000%
Fixed Senior Notes due March 15, 2013 |
|
|
1,000 |
|
|
1,000 |
|
2.838%
Floating Rate Senior Notes due January 17, 2006 |
|
|
400 |
|
|
— |
|
Capital
lease obligations |
|
|
9 |
|
|
13 |
|
Other |
|
|
— |
|
|
8 |
|
Fair
value adjustments related to interest rate swaps |
|
|
15 |
|
|
11 |
|
Unamortized
discount |
|
|
— |
|
|
(2 |
) |
Total
TXU Energy Holdings |
|
|
3,257 |
|
|
3,085 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less
amount due currently |
|
|
31 |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
long-term debt |
|
$ |
3,226 |
|
$ |
3,084 |
|
____________
(a)
These
series are in the multiannual mode and are subject to mandatory tender prior to
maturity on the mandatory remarketing date.
On such
date, the interest rate and interest rate period will be reset for the
bonds.
(b) Interest
rates in effect at December 31, 2004. These series are in a flexible or weekly
rate mode and are classified as long-term as
they are
supported by long-term irrevocable letters of credit.
(c) Interest
rates swapped to floating on an aggregate $250 million principal
amount.
In
December 2004, TXU Energy Holdings repurchased $400 million of its floating rate
senior notes at par value. TXU Energy Holdings originally issued $800 million of
the senior notes in a private placement offering with registration rights in
July 2004. The notes bear interest at an annual rate equal to 3-month LIBOR,
reset quarterly, plus 0.78% and will mature on January 17, 2006.
On
September 28, 2004, portions of the Brazos River Authority Pollution Control
Revenue Refunding Bonds were redeemed at par as follows: $57 million of Series
2001C; $20 million of Series 2003C; $16 million of Series 2002A; $4 million of
series 1995B; and $3 million of Series 2001D.
In April
2004, the Brazos River Authority Series 2001A pollution control revenue bonds
with an aggregate principal amount of $121 million were purchased upon mandatory
tender. TXU Energy Holdings intends to remarket these bonds at a later date.
Fair
Value Hedges — TXU
Energy Holdings uses fair value hedging strategies to manage its exposure to
fixed interest rates on long-term debt. At December 31, 2004, $250 million of
fixed rate debt had been effectively converted to variable rates through
interest rate swap transactions, expiring through 2008. These swaps qualified
for and have been designated as fair value hedges using the short-cut method of
hedge accounting provided by SFAS 133. As such, TXU Energy Holdings assumes that
changes in the value of the derivative are exactly offset by changes in the
value of the debt; therefore, there is no hedge ineffectiveness recognized.
In 2004,
fixed-to-variable swaps related to $1 billion debt were settled for a gain of
$22 million, which will be amortized to offset interest expense over the
remaining life of the related debt.
Debt
Issuances and Retirements in 2003 —
In 2003,
TXU Energy Holdings and its consolidated subsidiaries issued $1.3 billion of
fixed rate senior notes, and $567 million of pollution control revenue bonds and
redeemed $639 million of pollution control bonds and $72 million of fixed rate
senior notes.
Maturities
— Sinking
fund and maturity requirements for all
long-term debt instruments in effect at December 31, 2004, were as follows:
Year |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
$ |
30 |
|
2006 |
|
|
400 |
|
2007 |
|
|
— |
|
2008 |
|
|
250 |
|
2009 |
|
|
— |
|
Thereafter |
|
|
2,553 |
|
Unamortized
premium and discount and fair value adjustments |
|
|
15 |
|
Capital
lease obligations |
|
|
9 |
|
Total |
|
$ |
3,257 |
|
Preferred
Membership Interests — In July
2003, TXU Energy Holdings exercised its right to exchange its $750 million 9%
Exchangeable Subordinated Notes issued in November 2002 and due November 2012
for exchangeable preferred membership interests with identical economic and
other terms. The
preferred membership interests bear distributions at the annual rate of 9% and
permit the deferral of such distributions. The holders of the preferred
membership interests had the option to exchange these interests at any time,
subject to certain restrictions, for up to approximately 57 million shares of
TXU Corp. common stock at an exchange price of $13.1242 per share. At issuance
of the notes that were subsequently exchanged for the preferred membership
interests, TXU Energy Holdings recognized a capital contribution from TXU Corp.
and a corresponding discount on the securities of $266 million, which
represented the value of the exchange right as TXU Corp. granted an irrevocable
right to exchange the securities for TXU Corp. common stock. This discount is
being amortized to interest expense and related charges over the term of the
securities. As a result, the effective distribution rate on the preferred
membership interests is 16.2%. In April 2004, TXU Corp. purchased these
mandatorily redeemable securities from the holders, and as a result the
securities effectively represent TXU Energy Holdings debt held by TXU Corp.
8. MEMBERSHIP
INTERESTS
For the
2004 reporting period, TXU Corp. early adopted SFAS 123R. Under SFAS 123R,
compensation expense related to share-based awards to TXU Energy Holdings’
employees is accounted for as a noncash capital contribution from the parent.
Accordingly, TXU Energy Holdings recorded a $28 million credit to its membership
interests account in 2004. See Note 9.
On
February 14, 2005, TXU Energy Holdings approved a cash distribution of $175
million to be paid to US Holdings on April 1, 2005.
In
November 2004, TXU Energy Holdings approved a cash distribution of $175 million
that was paid to US Holdings in January 2005. TXU Energy Holdings paid total
cash distributions of $700 million to US Holdings in 2004 ($175 million in
January, April, July and October) and $750 million in 2003.
9. STOCK-BASED
COMPENSATION
TXU
Energy Holdings participates in TXU Corp.’s Long-Term Incentive Compensation
Plan (LTIP). LTIP is a stock-based compensation plan providing discretionary
awards (LTIP awards) of restricted stock and performance units payable in TXU
Corp. common stock for qualified management employees. During 2004, 2003, and
2002, the Board of Directors granted LTIP awards that were issued subject to
share price performance and vesting requirements over two and three year
periods. The number of common shares to be ultimately distributed varies from 0%
to 200% of the initial number of LTIP awards, based on TXU Corp.’s total return
to shareholders over the applicable period compared to the total returns
provided by the companies comprising the Standard & Poor’s 500 Electric
Utilities Index. TXU Corp. has established restrictions that limit employees’
opportunities to liquidate vested stock awards. For both restricted stock and
performance unit awards, dividends over the vesting period are converted to
equivalent shares of TXU Corp. common stock to be distributed upon vesting.
Historically,
TXU Energy Holdings has accounted for stock-based compensation plans using the
intrinsic value method under APB 25. Compensation expense over the vesting
period was remeasured each reporting period based on the market price of the
stock and the assumed number of shares distributable given the share price
performance to date. Reported compensation expense related to LTIP awards
totaled a charge of $10 million in 2003 and a credit of $1 million in 2002.
For the
2004 reporting period, TXU Corp. early adopted SFAS 123R, which eliminates the
alternative of applying the intrinsic value measurement provisions of APB 25 to
stock compensation awards and requires the measurement of the cost of such
awards over the vesting period based on the grant-date fair value of the award.
TXU Energy Holdings adopted SFAS 123R using the modified retrospective method,
which allows for application to only prior interim periods in the year of
initial adoption and resulted in the recognition of a $6 million ($4 million
after-tax) cumulative change in accounting principle. For a portion of the 2004
period, the performance unit awards were payable in cash, but the awards were
modified in December of 2004 and will be payable in stock.
TXU Corp.
determined the fair value of its LTIP awards utilizing a valuation model that
takes into account three principal factors: the probability weighted expected
number of shares to be distributed upon vesting, the risk of uncertainty during
the vesting period, and the restrictions limiting liquidation of vested stock
awards. Based on the fair values determined under this model, TXU Energy
Holdings’ reported expense in 2004 related to LTIP awards totaled $25 million
($16 million after-tax). As of December 31, 2004, unrecognized expense related
to nonvested LTIP awards totaled $20 million, which is expected to be recognized
over a weighted average period of two years.
Had
compensation expense for LTIP awards been determined based upon the fair value
methodology prescribed under SFAS 123, TXU Energy Holdings’ net income would not
have been materially different for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002.
10. INCOME
TAXES
The
components of income tax expense are as follows:
|
|
Year
Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
2002 |
|
Current: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
US
Federal |
|
$ |
161 |
|
$ |
211 |
|
$ |
229 |
|
State |
|
|
1 |
|
|
9 |
|
|
3 |
|
Non-US |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
|
1 |
|
Total |
|
|
162 |
|
|
220 |
|
|
233 |
|
Deferred: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
US
Federal |
|
|
16 |
|
|
27 |
|
|
(100 |
) |
State |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
|
4 |
|
Non-US |
|
|
─ |
|
|
1 |
|
|
– |
|
Total |
|
|
16 |
|
|
28 |
|
|
(96 |
) |
Investment
tax credits |
|
|
(16 |
) |
|
(17 |
) |
|
(20 |
) |
Total |
|
$ |
162 |
|
$ |
231 |
|
$ |
117 |
|
Reconciliation
of income taxes computed at the US federal statutory rate to provision for
income taxes:
|
|
Year
Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
2002 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
from continuing operations before income taxes and
cumulative |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
effect
of changes in accounting principles |
|
$ |
570 |
|
$ |
728 |
|
$ |
439 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
taxes at the federal statutory rate of 35% |
|
$ |
200 |
|
$ |
255 |
|
$ |
154 |
|
Depletion
allowance |
|
|
(25 |
) |
|
(25 |
) |
|
(25 |
) |
Amortization
of investment tax credits |
|
|
(16 |
) |
|
(17 |
) |
|
(20 |
) |
Preferred
securities cost |
|
|
6 |
|
|
6 |
|
|
─ |
|
State
income taxes, net of federal tax benefit |
|
|
1 |
|
|
6 |
|
|
5 |
|
Other |
|
|
(4 |
) |
|
6 |
|
|
3 |
|
Income
tax expense |
|
$ |
162 |
|
$ |
231 |
|
$ |
117 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Effective
tax rate |
|
|
28.4 |
% |
|
31.7 |
% |
|
26.7 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The
components of TXU Energy Holdings’ deferred tax assets and liabilities are as
follows:
|
|
December
31, |
|
|
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
|
|
Total |
|
Current |
|
Noncurrent |
|
Total |
|
Current |
|
Noncurrent |
|
Deferred
Tax Assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unamortized
investment tax credits |
|
$ |
120 |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
120 |
|
$ |
126 |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
126 |
|
Bad
debt reserve |
|
|
11 |
|
|
11 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
20 |
|
|
20 |
|
|
─ |
|
Impairment
of assets |
|
|
68 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
68 |
|
|
168 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
168 |
|
Nuclear
decommissioning asset retirement |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
obligation |
|
|
151 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
151 |
|
|
150 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
150 |
|
Retail
clawback liability |
|
|
33 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
33 |
|
|
61 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
61 |
|
Alternative
minimum tax |
|
|
330 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
330 |
|
|
335 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
335 |
|
Net
operating loss (NOL) carryforwards |
|
|
6 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
6 |
|
|
12 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
12 |
|
Employee
benefits |
|
|
134 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
134 |
|
|
113 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
113 |
|
Deferred
benefit of state income taxes |
|
|
10 |
|
|
10 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
14 |
|
|
13 |
|
|
1 |
|
Combustion
turbine lease |
|
|
69 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
69 |
|
|
13 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
13 |
|
Other |
|
|
257 |
|
|
76 |
|
|
181 |
|
|
174 |
|
|
52 |
|
|
122 |
|
Total
deferred tax asset |
|
|
1,189 |
|
|
97 |
|
|
1,092 |
|
|
1,186 |
|
|
85 |
|
|
1,101 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred
Tax Liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation
differences and capitalized
construction
costs |
|
|
2,941 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
2,941 |
|
|
2,930 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
2,930 |
|
Software
development costs |
|
|
41 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
41 |
|
|
82 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
82 |
|
State
income taxes |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
|
2 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
2 |
|
Other |
|
|
40 |
|
|
3 |
|
|
37 |
|
|
40 |
|
|
3 |
|
|
37 |
|
Total
deferred tax liability |
|
|
3,022 |
|
|
3 |
|
|
3,019 |
|
|
3,054 |
|
|
3 |
|
|
3,051 |
|
Net
Deferred Tax Liability (Asset ) |
|
$ |
1,833 |
|
$ |
(94 |
) |
$ |
1,927 |
|
$ |
1,868 |
|
$ |
(82 |
) |
$ |
1,950 |
|
At
December 31, 2004, TXU Energy Holdings had approximately $330 million of
alternative minimum tax credit carryforwards available to offset future tax
payments. These tax credit carryforwards do not have expiration dates. At
December 31, 2004, TXU Energy Holdings had net operating loss (NOL)
carryforwards for federal income tax purposes of $18 million that expire as
follows $2 million in 2022, $7 million in 2023 and $9 million in 2024. The NOL
carryforwards can be used to offset future taxable income and it is expected
that all NOL carryforwards will be fully utilized prior to their expiration
date. TXU Energy Holdings utilized $22 million of NOL carryforwards in 2004.
TXU
Energy Holdings’ income tax returns are subject to examination by applicable tax
authorities. The IRS is currently examining the returns of TXU Corp. and its
subsidiaries for the tax years ended 1993 through 2002. In management’s opinion,
an adequate provision has been made for any future taxes that may be owed as a
result of any examinations.
11. RETIREMENT
AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS PLANS
TXU
Energy Holdings is a participating employer in the TXU Retirement Plan
(Retirement Plan), a defined benefit pension plan sponsored by TXU Corp. The
Retirement Plan is a qualified pension plan under Section 401(a) of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (Code) and is subject to the provision of
ERISA. Employees are eligible to participate in the Retirement Plan upon their
completion of one year of service and the attainment of age 21. All benefits are
funded by the participating employers. The Retirement Plan provides benefits to
participants under one of two formulas: (i) a cash balance formula under which
participants earn monthly contribution credits based on their compensation and a
combination of their age and years of service, plus monthly interest credits, or
(ii) a traditional defined benefit formula based on years of service and the
average earnings of the three years of highest earnings. The cash balance
interest component of the cash balance plan is variable and is determined using
the yield on 30-year Treasury bonds.
All
eligible employees hired after January 1, 2001 participate under the cash
balance formula. Certain employees who, prior to January 1, 2002, participated
under the traditional defined benefit formula, continue their participation
under that formula. Under the cash balance formula, future increases in earnings
will not apply to prior service costs. It is TXU Corp.’s policy to fund the
plans on a current basis to the extent deductible under existing federal tax
regulations. Such contributions, when made, are intended to provide not only for
benefits attributed to service to date, but also those expected to be earned in
the future.
TXU Corp.
also has supplemental retirement plans for management employees, the information
for which is included in the data below.
Pension
cost applicable to TXU Energy Holdings was $28 million in 2004, $20 million in
2003 and $3 million in 2002. Cash contributions were $15 million in 2004, $13
million in 2003 and $9 million in 2002.
TXU
Energy Holdings also participates with TXU Corp. and certain other affiliated
subsidiaries of TXU Corp. to offer certain health care and life insurance
benefits to eligible employees and their eligible dependents upon the retirement
of such employees. For employees retiring on or after January 1, 2002, the
retiree contributions required for such coverage vary based on a formula
depending on the retiree’s age and years of service. Postretirement benefits
cost other than pensions applicable to TXU Energy Holdings was $29 million in
2004, $38 million in 2003 and $29 million in 2002. Cash contributions were $15
million, $16 million and $11 million in 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively.
The
pension and other postretirement benefits amounts provided represent allocations
of amounts related to TXU Corp.’s plans to TXU Energy Holdings.
In
addition, eligible employees of TXU Energy Holdings may participate in a
qualified savings plan, the TXU Thrift Plan (Thrift Plan). This plan is a
participant-directed defined contribution profit sharing plan qualified under
Section 401(a) of the Code, and is subject to the provisions of ERISA. The
Thrift Plan includes an employee stock ownership component. Under the terms of
the Thrift Plan, as amended effective in 2002, employees who do not earn more
than the IRS threshold compensation limit used to determine highly compensated
employees may contribute, through pretax salary deferrals and/or after-tax
payroll deductions, the maximum amount of their regular salary or wages
permitted under law. Employees who earn more than such threshold may contribute
from 1% to 16% of their regular salary or wages. Employer matching contributions
are also made in an amount equal to 100% of the first 6% of employee
contributions for employees who are covered under the cash balance formula of
the Retirement Plan, and 75% of the first 6% of employee contributions for
employees who are covered under the traditional defined benefit formula of the
Retirement Plan. Employer matching contributions are invested in TXU Corp.
common stock. TXU Energy Holdings’ contributions to the Thrift Plan aggregated
$12 million in 2004, $13 million in 2003 and $14 million in 2002.
12. FAIR
VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The
carrying amounts and related estimated fair values of TXU Energy Holdings’
significant financial instruments were as follows:
|
|
December
31, 2004 |
|
December
31, 2003 |
|
|
|
|
|
Fair |
|
Carrying |
|
Fair |
|
|
|
Amount |
|
Value |
|
Amount |
|
Value |
|
On-balance
sheet liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term
debt (including current maturities) (a) |
|
$ |
3,248 |
|
$ |
3,351 |
|
$ |
3,072 |
|
$ |
3,273 |
|
Exchangeable
preferred membership interests, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
net
of discount (b) |
|
$ |
511 |
|
$ |
750 |
|
$ |
497 |
|
$ |
1,580 |
|
Financial
guarantees |
|
$ |
— |
|
$ |
— |
|
$ |
2 |
|
$ |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Off-
balance sheet liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financial
guarantees |
|
$ |
— |
|
$ |
8 |
|
$ |
— |
|
$ |
12 |
|
(a) Excludes
capital leases.
|
(b) |
Exchanged
for preferred membership interests (from subordinated notes) in 2003
and purchased by TXU Corp. in April 2004. Carrying amount is net of
discount. Fair value is assumed to be principal amount on the
preferred membership interests. |
In
accordance with SFAS 133, financial instruments that are derivatives are
recorded on the balance sheet at fair value.
The fair
values of on-balance sheet instruments are estimated at the lesser of either the
call price or the market value as determined by quoted market prices, where
available, or, where not available, at the present value of future cash flows
discounted at rates consistent with comparable maturities with similar credit
risk.
The fair
value of each financial guarantee is based on the difference between the credit
spread of the entity responsible for the underlying obligation and a financial
counterparty applied, on a net present value basis, to the notional amount of
the guarantee.
The
carrying amounts for financial assets classified as current assets and the
carrying amounts for financial liabilities classified as current liabilities
approximate fair value due to the short maturity of such instruments. The fair
values of other financial instruments, including the Capgemini put option, for
which carrying amounts and fair values have not been presented are not
materially different than their related carrying amounts.
13. DERIVATIVE
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
For
derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges, TXU Energy Holdings
recognized a net unrealized ineffectiveness loss of $21 million ($14 million
after-tax) in 2004 and a net gain of $6 million ($4 million after-tax) in 2003.
The ineffectiveness gains and losses in 2004 and 2003 related to commodity
hedges and were reported as a component of revenues. In 2002, TXU Energy
Holdings experienced a net hedge ineffectiveness loss of $41 million ($27
million after-tax), recorded as a decrease in revenues.
The net
effect of unrealized mark-to-market ineffectiveness accounting, which includes
the above amounts as well as the effect of reversing unrealized gains and losses
recorded in previous periods to offset realized gains and losses in the current
period, totaled $19 million in net losses in 2004 and $36 million in net gains
in 2003.
The
maximum length of time TXU Energy Holdings hedges its exposure to the
variability of future cash flows for forecasted energy-related transactions is
approximately four years.
Cash flow
hedge amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive income will be
recognized in earnings as the related forecasted transactions are settled or are
deemed to be no longer probable of occurring. No amounts were reclassified into
earnings in 2004, 2003, or 2002 as a result of the discontinuance of cash flow
hedges because of the probability a hedged forecasted transaction would not
occur.
As of
December 31, 2004, TXU Energy Holdings expects that $108 million ($70 million
after-tax) in accumulated other comprehensive loss will be recognized in
earnings over the next twelve months. This amount primarily represents
amortization of dedesignated hedge losses as the related hedged transactions are
settled. The following table summarizes balances currently recognized in
accumulated other comprehensive loss:
|
|
Accumulated |
|
|
|
Other
Comprehensive Loss |
|
|
|
Year
Ended December 31, 2004 |
|
|
|
Commodity |
|
Interest
|
|
|
|
|
|
related |
|
related |
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dedesignated
hedges (amounts fixed) |
|
$ |
90 |
|
$ |
50 |
|
$ |
140 |
|
Hedges
subject to market price fluctuations |
|
|
4 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
4 |
|
Total |
|
$ |
94 |
|
$ |
50 |
|
$ |
144 |
|
14. TEXAS
ELECTRIC INDUSTRY RESTRUCTURING
As a
result of the 1999 Restructuring Legislation, on January 1, 2002, TXU Corp.
disaggregated (unbundled) its Texas electric utility business into a power
generation company, a retail electric provider and an electricity transmission
and distribution (delivery) utility. Unbundled electricity delivery utilities
within ERCOT, such as TXU Electric Delivery, remain regulated by the Public
Utility Commission of Texas (the Commission).
Effective
January 1, 2002, REPs affiliated with electricity delivery utilities were
required to charge price-to-beat rates, established by the Commission, to
residential and small business customers located in their historical service
territories. TXU Energy Holdings, whose REP is affiliated with an electricity
delivery utility, was required to charge the price-to-beat rate, adjusted for
fuel factor changes, to such classes of customers until the earlier of January
1, 2005 or the date on which 40% of the electricity consumed by customers in
that class is supplied by competing REPs. Currently, TXU Energy Holdings may
offer rates different from the price-to-beat rate to customers in that class,
but it must also continue to make the price-to-beat rate available for
residential and small business customers until January 1, 2007. In December
2003, the Commission found that TXU Energy Holdings had met the 40% requirement
to be allowed to offer alternatives to the price-to-beat rate for small business
customers in its historical service territory.
Under
amended Commission rules, effective in April 2003, affiliated REPs of utilities
are allowed to petition the Commission twice a year for a change in the fuel
factor component of their price-to-beat rates if the average price of natural
gas futures increases or decreases more than 5% (10% if the petition is filed
after November 15 of any year) from the level used to set the existing
price-to-beat fuel factor rate. TXU Energy Holdings increased the fuel factor
component of its price-to-beat rate twice in each of 2003 and 2004.
..
Also,
effective January 1, 2002, power generation companies affiliated with
electricity delivery utilities may charge unregulated prices in connection with
ERCOT wholesale power transactions. Estimated costs associated with TXU Energy
Holdings’ nuclear power plant decommissioning obligations continue to be
recovered by TXU Electric Delivery as an electricity distribution fee surcharge
over the life of the plant.
REGULATORY
SETTLEMENT PLAN
On
December 31, 2001, US Holdings filed a Settlement Plan with the Commission. It
resolved all major pending issues related to US Holdings’ transition to
competition pursuant to the 1999 Restructuring Legislation. The Settlement Plan,
which became final and nonappealable in January 2003, does not eliminate TXU
Energy Holdings’ price-to-beat rates and related fuel adjustments.
The major
elements of the Settlement Plan are:
Excess
Mitigation Credit — Over
the two-year period ended December 31, 2003, TXU Electric Delivery implemented a
stranded cost excess mitigation credit in the amount of $389 million (originally
estimated to be $350 million), plus $26 million in interest, applied as a
reduction to distribution fees charged to all REPs, including TXU Energy
Holdings. The credit was funded through payments by TXU Energy Holdings on a
note payable to TXU Electric Delivery.
Regulatory
Asset Securitization — US
Holdings received a financing order authorizing the issuance of securitization
(transition) bonds in the aggregate principal amount of up to $1.3 billion to
recover regulatory asset stranded costs and other qualified costs. Accordingly,
TXU Electric Delivery Transition Bond Company LLC, a bankruptcy remote financing
subsidiary of TXU Electric Delivery, issued an initial $500 million of
securitization bonds in 2003 and the remaining $790 million in the first half of
2004. The principal and interest on the bonds are recoverable through revenues
as a transition charge to all REPs, including TXU Energy Holdings. There is no
remaining issuance authorization under the financing order. The transition
charges reported by TXU Energy Holdings as delivery fees.
Retail
Clawback Credit — The
Settlement Plan provides that a retail clawback credit will be implemented
unless 40% of the electricity consumed by residential and small business
customers in a REP’s historical service territory is supplied by competing REPs
after the first two years of competition. This threshold was reached for small
business customers, as discussed above, but not for residential customers. The
amount of the credit is equal to the number of residential customers retained by
TXU Energy Holdings in the historical service territory as of January 1, 2004,
less the number of new customers TXU Energy Holdings had added outside of the
historical service territory as of January 1, 2004, multiplied by $90. The
credit, which is being funded by TXU Energy Holdings, is being applied to
delivery fees charged by TXU Electric Delivery to REPs, including TXU Energy
Holdings, over a two-year period beginning January 1, 2004. In 2002, TXU Energy
Holdings recorded a charge to cost of energy sold of $185 million ($120 million
after-tax) to accrue an estimated retail clawback liability. In 2003, TXU Energy
Holdings reduced the liability to $173 million, with an offsetting credit to
earnings of $12 million ($8 million after-tax) to reflect the calculation of the
estimated liability applicable only to residential customers in accordance with
the Settlement Plan. In 2004, TXU Energy Holdings further reduced the estimated
liability by $12 million ($8 million after-tax) to reflect revised estimates of
customer counts, with an offsetting credit to earnings. As of December 31, 2004,
the balance of the retail clawback liability accrual was $82 million. As the
amount of the credit is based on numbers of customers over the related two-year
period, the liability is subject to further adjustments.
Stranded
Costs and Fuel Cost Recovery — TXU
Energy Holdings’ stranded costs are fixed at zero. US Holdings will not
seek to recover its unrecovered fuel costs which existed at December 31, 2001.
Also, it will not conduct a final fuel cost reconciliation, which would have
covered the period from July 1998 until the beginning of competition in January
2002.
15. COMMITMENTS
AND OTHER CONTINGENCIES
Clean
Air Act — The
federal Clean Air Act, as amended (Clean Air Act) includes provisions which,
among other things, place limits on SO2 and
NOx
emissions produced by electricity generation plants. TXU Energy Holdings’
capital requirements have not been significantly affected by the requirements of
the Clean Air Act. In addition, all permits required for the air pollution
control provisions of the 1999 Restructuring Legislation have been applied for
and TXU Energy Holdings has initiated a construction program to install control
equipment to achieve the required reductions.
Power
Purchase Contracts — Certain
contracts to purchase electricity provide for capacity payments to ensure
availability and provide for adjustments based on the actual power taken under
the contracts. Capacity payments under these contracts totaled $230 million in
both 2004 and 2003 and $296 million in 2002.
Expected
future capacity payments under existing agreements are estimated as follows:
2005 |
|
$ |
108 |
|
2006 |
|
|
56 |
|
2007 |
|
|
18 |
|
2008 |
|
|
─ |
|
2009 |
|
|
─ |
|
Thereafter |
|
|
─ |
|
Total
capacity payments |
|
$ |
182 |
|
At
December 31, 2004, TXU Energy Holdings had commitments for pipeline
transportation and storage reservation fees as follows:
2005 |
|
$ |
74 |
|
2006 |
|
|
45 |
|
2007 |
|
|
44 |
|
2008 |
|
|
41 |
|
2009 |
|
|
43 |
|
Thereafter |
|
|
107 |
|
Total
pipeline transportation and storage reservation fees |
|
$ |
354 |
|
On the
basis of TXU Energy Holdings’ current expectations of demand from its
electricity customers as compared with its capacity and take-or-pay payments,
management does not consider it likely that any material payments will become
due for electricity not taken beyond capacity payments.
Coal
Contracts — TXU
Energy Holdings has commitments under coal purchase agreements and coal
transportation agreements as follows:
2005 |
|
$ |
96 |
|
2006 |
|
|
109 |
|
2007 |
|
|
95 |
|
2008 |
|
|
98 |
|
2009 |
|
|
102 |
|
Thereafter |
|
|
─ |
|
Total |
|
$ |
500 |
|
Leases — TXU
Energy Holdings has entered into operating leases covering various facilities
and properties including generation plant facilities, combustion turbines,
transportation equipment, mining equipment, data processing equipment and office
space. Certain of these leases contain renewal and purchase options and residual
value guarantees. Lease expenses recognized in earnings totaled $126 million,
$124 million and $134 million in 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively.
As of
December 31, 2004, future minimum lease payments under both capital leases and
operating leases (with initial or remaining noncancelable lease terms in excess
of one year) were as follows:
|
|
Capital |
|
Operating |
|
Year |
|
Leases |
|
Leases |
|
2005 |
|
$ |
2 |
|
$ |
71 |
|
2006 |
|
|
2 |
|
|
71 |
|
2007 |
|
|
2 |
|
|
75 |
|
2008 |
|
|
2 |
|
|
72 |
|
2009 |
|
|
1 |
|
|
70 |
|
Thereafter |
|
|
2 |
|
|
394 |
|
Total
future minimum lease payments |
|
|
11 |
|
$ |
753 |
|
Less
amounts representing interest |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
Present
value of future minimum lease payments |
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
|
Less
current portion |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
Long-term
capital lease obligation |
|
$ |
8 |
|
|
|
|
Guarantees — TXU
Energy Holdings has entered into contracts that contain guarantees to outside
parties that could require performance or payment under certain conditions.
These guarantees have been grouped based on similar characteristics and are
described in detail below.
Residual
value guarantees in operating leases — TXU
Energy Holdings is the lessee under various operating leases that obligate it to
guarantee the residual values of the leased assets. Accounting rules require the
recording of a liability for all guarantees entered into subsequent to December
31, 2002. At December 31, 2004, the aggregate maximum amount of residual values
guaranteed was approximately $160 million with an estimated residual recovery of
approximately $96 million. The average life of the lease portfolio is
approximately five years.
Debt
obligations of the parent — TXU
Energy Holdings has provided a guarantee of the obligations under TXU Corp.’s
financing lease (approximately $120 million at December 31, 2004) for its
headquarters building.
Letters
of credit — TXU
Energy Holdings has entered into various agreements that require letters of
credit for financial assurance purposes. Approximately $383 million of letters
of credit were outstanding at December 31, 2004 to support existing floating
rate pollution control revenue bond debt of approximately $375 million. The
letters of credit are available to fund the payment of such debt obligations.
These letters of credit have expiration dates in 2008.
TXU
Energy Holdings has outstanding letters of credit in the amount of $9 million
for miscellaneous credit support requirements. Although the average life of the
letters of credit is approximately one year, the obligation to provide
guarantees is ongoing.
TXU
Energy Holdings has outstanding letters of credit in the amount of $99 million
to support hedging and risk management margin requirements in the normal course
of business. As of December 31, 2004, approximately 27% of the obligations
supported by these letters of credit mature within one year, and substantially
all of the remainder mature in the next three years.
Surety
bonds — TXU
Energy Holdings has outstanding surety bonds of approximately $29 million to
support performance under various subsidiary contracts and legal obligations in
the normal course of business. The term of the surety bond obligations is
approximately one year.
Labor
Contracts —
Approximately
1,750 TXU Energy Holdings employees are represented by labor unions and covered
by collective bargaining agreements with varying expiration dates. These
agreements generally cover two to three year periods; however, as is normal
practice in the industry, wages and benefits are established annually.
Negotiations are currently underway with respect to the collective bargaining
agreement covering employees at the Comanche Peak plant and discussions are
expected to begin in the fall of 2005 regarding the agreements with employees in
TXU Energy Holdings’ other power production and mining operations. Management
does not anticipate that any changes in collective bargaining agreements will
have a material affect on TXU Energy Holdings’ financial position, results of
operations or cash flows; however, TXU Energy Holdings is unable to predict the
ultimate outcome of these labor negotiations.
Nuclear
Insurance — With
regard to liability coverage, the Price-Anderson Act (Act) provides financial
protection for the public in the event of a significant nuclear power plant
incident. The Act sets the statutory limit of public liability for a single
nuclear incident at $10.8 billion currently and requires nuclear power plant
operators to provide financial protection for this amount. The Act is being
considered by the United States Congress for modification and extension. The
terms of a modification, if any, are not presently known and therefore TXU
Energy Holdings is unable, at this time, to determine any impact it may have on
nuclear liability coverage. As required, TXU Energy Holdings provides this
financial protection for a nuclear incident at Comanche Peak resulting in public
bodily injury and property damage through a combination of private insurance and
industry-wide retrospective payment plans. As the first layer of financial
protection, TXU Energy Holdings has $300 million of liability insurance from
American Nuclear Insurers (ANI), which provides such insurance on behalf of a
major stock insurance company pool, Nuclear Energy Liability Insurance
Association. The second layer of financial protection is provided under an
industry-wide retrospective payment program called Secondary Financial
Protection (SFP).
Under the
SFP, each operating licensed reactor in the US is subject to an assessment of up
to $100.6 million, subject to increases for inflation every five years, in the
event of a nuclear incident at any nuclear plant in the US. Assessments are
limited to $10 million per operating licensed reactor per year per incident. All
assessments under the SFP are subject to a 3% insurance premium tax, which is
not included in the above amounts.
With
respect to nuclear decontamination and property damage insurance, NRC
regulations require that nuclear plant license-holders maintain not less than
$1.1 billion of such insurance and require the proceeds thereof to be used to
place a plant in a safe and stable condition, to decontaminate it pursuant to a
plan submitted to and approved by the NRC before the proceeds can be used for
plant repair or restoration or to provide for premature decommissioning. TXU
Energy Holdings maintains nuclear decontamination and property damage insurance
for Comanche Peak in the amount of $3.4 billion, above which TXU Energy Holdings
is self-insured. The primary layer of coverage of $500 million is provided by
Nuclear Electric Insurance Limited (NEIL), a nuclear electric utility industry
mutual insurance company. The remaining coverage includes premature
decommissioning coverage provided by NEIL in the amount of $2.25 billion and
$661 million from other insurance markets and foreign nuclear insurance pools.
TXU Energy Holdings is subject to a maximum annual assessment from NEIL of $31.5
million.
TXU
Energy Holdings maintains Accidental Outage Insurance through NEIL to cover the
additional costs of obtaining replacement power from another source if one or
both of the units at Comanche Peak are out of service for more than twelve weeks
as a result of covered direct physical damage. The coverage provides for weekly
payments of $3.5 million for the first fifty-two weeks and $2.8 million for the
next 110 weeks for each outage, respectively, after the initial twelve-week
period. The total maximum coverage is $490 million per unit. The coverage
amounts applicable to each unit will be reduced to 80% if both units are out of
service at the same time as a result of the same accident. Under this coverage,
TXU Energy Holdings is subject to a maximum annual assessment of $8.8 million.
There
have been some revisions made to the nuclear property and nuclear liability
insurance policies regarding the maximum recoveries available for multiple
terrorism occurrences. Under the NEIL policies, if there were multiple terrorism
losses occurring within a one-year time frame, NEIL would make available one
industry aggregate limit of $3.24 billion plus any amounts it recovers from
other sources up to the limits for each claimant. If terrorism losses occurred
beyond the one-year period, a new set of limits and resources would apply. Under
the ANI liability policy, the liability arising out of terrorist acts will be
subject to one industry aggregate limit of $300 million that could be reinstated
at ANI’s option depending on prevailing risk circumstances and the balance in
the Industry Credit Rating Plan reserve fund. Under the US Terrorism Risk
Insurance Act of 2002, the US government provides reinsurance with respect to
acts of terrorism in the US for losses caused by an individual or individuals
acting on behalf of foreign parties. In such circumstances, the NEIL and ANI
terrorism aggregates would not apply.
Nuclear
Decommissioning —
Through
December 31, 2001, decommissioning costs were recovered from consumers based
upon a 1992 site-specific study through rates placed in effect under TXU Energy
Holdings’ January 1993 rate increase request. Effective January 1, 2002,
decommissioning costs are recovered through a tariff charged to REPs by TXU
Electric Delivery based upon a 1997 site-specific study, adjusted for trust fund
assets, as a component of delivery fees effective under TXU Corp.’s 2001
Unbundled Cost of Service filing. Amounts recovered through regulated rates are
deposited in external trust funds (see Note 5 under Investments). An
updated decommissioning study is in the process of being completed. It is
anticipated that no material change in the decommissioning funding will be
required.
See Note
3 for a discussion of the impact of SFAS 143 on accounting for nuclear
decommissioning costs.
Legal
Proceedings — On
February 18, 2005, a lawsuit was filed by Utility Choice, L.P. and Cirro Group,
Inc. in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas,
Houston Division, against TXU Corp. and certain of its subsidiaries, as well as
various other wholesale market participants doing business in ERCOT, claiming
generally that defendants engaged in a variety of anticompetitive conduct,
including market manipulation in violation of antitrust and other laws. TXU
Corp. believes that claims against it and its subsidiary companies are without
merit, and TXU Corp. and its subsidiaries intend to vigorously defend the
lawsuit. TXU Corp. is, however, unable to estimate any possible loss or predict
the outcome of this action.
Between
October 19 and December 30, 2004, ten lawsuits were filed by purported customers
in various California superior courts against TXU Corp., TXU Energy Trading Co.
and TXU Energy Services and other marketers, traders, transporters and sellers
of natural gas. Plaintiffs allege that beginning at least by the summer of 2000,
defendants manipulated and fixed at artificially high levels natural gas prices
in California in violation of the Cartwright Act and other California state
laws. These lawsuits have been coordinated in the San Diego Superior Court with
numerous other natural gas actions as "In re Natural Gas Anti-Trust Cases I, II,
III, IV and V." TXU Corp. believes the claims against TXU Corp. and its
subsidiaries are without merit, and intends to vigorously defend the lawsuits.
TXU Corp. is, however, unable to estimate any possible loss or predict the
outcome of these actions.
On July
7, 2003, a lawsuit was filed by Texas Commercial Energy (TCE) in the United
States District Court for the Southern District of Texas, Corpus Christi
Division, against TXU Energy Holdings and certain of its subsidiaries, as well
as various other wholesale market participants doing business in ERCOT, claiming
generally that defendants engaged in market manipulation, in violation of
antitrust and other laws, primarily during the period of extreme weather
conditions in late February 2003. An amended complaint was filed in February
2004 that joined additional, unaffiliated defendants. Three retail electric
providers filed motions for leave to intervene in the action alleging claims
substantially identical to TCE’s. In addition, approximately 25 purported former
customers of TCE filed a motion to intervene in the action alleging claims
substantially identical to TCE’s, both on their own behalf and on behalf of a
putative class of all former customers of TCE. An order granting TXU Energy
Holdings’ Motion to Dismiss based on the filed rate doctrine was entered on June
24, 2004. TCE has appealed the dismissal; however, TXU Energy Holdings believes
the dismissal of the antitrust claims was proper and that it has not committed
any violation of the antitrust laws. The appeal remains pending before the Fifth
Circuit Court of Appeals. Further, the Commission’s investigation of the market
conditions in late February 2003 has not resulted in any finding adverse to TXU
Energy Holdings. Accordingly, TXU Energy Holdings believes that TCE’s and the
intervenors’ claims are without merit, and intends to vigorously defend the
lawsuit on appeal. TXU Energy Holdings is, however, unable to estimate any
possible loss or predict the outcome of this action.
On April
28, 2003, a lawsuit was filed by a former employee of TXU Portfolio Management
in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas, Dallas
Division, against TXU Corp., TXU Energy Holdings and TXU Portfolio Management.
The case is set for trial on June 6, 2005 and discovery in the case is
substantially complete. In the case, the plaintiff asserts claims under Section
806 of Sarbanes-Oxley arising from the termination of plaintiff’s employment and
claims for breach of contract relating to payment of certain bonuses. Plaintiff
seeks back pay, payment of bonuses and alternatively, reinstatement or future
compensation, including bonuses. TXU Energy Holdings believes the plaintiff’s
claims are without merit. The plaintiff was terminated as the result of a
reduction in force, not as a reaction to any concerns the plaintiff had
expressed, and plaintiff was not in a position to evaluate TXU Corp.’s financial
statements or assess the adequacy of TXU Corp.’s financial disclosures. Thus,
TXU Energy Holdings does not believe that there is any merit to the plaintiff’s
claims under Sarbanes-Oxley. TXU Corp. disputes the plaintiff’s claims and
intends to vigorously defend the litigation. TXU Energy Holdings is, however,
unable to estimate any possible loss or predict the outcome of this action.
On March
10, 2003, a lawsuit was filed by Kimberly P. Killebrew in the United States
District Court for the Eastern District of Texas, Lufkin Division, against TXU
Corp. and TXU Portfolio Management, asserting generally that defendants engaged
in manipulation of the wholesale electric market, in violation of antitrust and
other laws. This case was transferred to the Beaumont Division of the Eastern
District of Texas and on March 24, 2004 was transferred to the Northern District
of Texas, Dallas Division. This action is brought by an individual, alleging to
be a retail consumer of electricity, on behalf of herself and as a proposed
representative of a putative class of retail purchasers of electricity that are
similarly situated. Defendants have filed a motion to dismiss the lawsuit which
is pending before the court; however, as a result of the dismissal of the
antitrust claims in the litigation described above brought by TCE, the parties
have agreed to stay this litigation until the appeal in the TCE case has been
decided. TXU Energy Holdings believes that the plaintiff lacks standing to
assert any antitrust claims and that defendants have not violated antitrust laws
or other laws as claimed by plaintiff. Therefore, TXU Energy Holdings believes
that plaintiff’s claims are without merit and plans to vigorously defend the
lawsuit. TXU Energy Holdings is however, unable to estimate any possible loss or
predict the outcome of this action.
On March
18, 2005, TXU Corp. received a subpoena from the SEC. The subpoena requires TXU
Corp. to produce documents and other information for the period from January 1,
2001 to March 31, 2003 relating to, among other things, the financial distress
at TXU Europe during 2002 and the resulting financial condition of TXU Corp.,
TXU Corp.’s reduction of its quarterly dividend in October 2002, and the
following two previously disclosed claims against TXU Corp. and certain other
persons named in such claims: (i) a lawsuit brought in April 2003 by a former
employee of TXU Portfolio Management, William J. Murray (Murray Litigation) and
(ii) various consolidated lawsuits brought by various shareholders of TXU Corp.
during late 2002 and January 2003 (Shareholders’ Litigation). The documents
accompanying the subpoena state that (i) the SEC is conducting a fact-finding
inquiry for purposes of allowing it to determine whether there have been any
violations of the federal securities laws and (ii) the request does not mean the
SEC has concluded that TXU Corp. or any other person has violated the law.
Although
TXU Corp. cannot predict the outcome of the SEC inquiry, as previously
disclosed, TXU Corp. does not believe that there is any merit to the claims made
in the Murray Litigation and it intends to vigorously defend such litigation. In
addition, TXU Corp. has executed a memorandum of understanding regarding the
settlement of the Shareholders’ Litigation. TXU Corp. expects to execute a final
agreement containing the terms of such settlement during the second quarter of
2005.
TXU Corp.
intends to cooperate with the SEC and is in the process of responding to the
subpoena.
General
— In
addition to the above, TXU Energy Holdings is involved in various other legal
and administrative proceedings in the normal course of business the ultimate
resolution of which, in the opinion of management, should not have a material
effect upon its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
16. SUPPLEMENTARY
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The
operations of TXU Energy Holdings are unregulated, as the Texas market is now
open to competition. However, retail pricing to residential customers in the
historical service territory continues to be subject to certain price controls
as discussed in Note 14.
Other
Income and Deductions —
|
|
Year
Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
2002 |
|
Other
income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
gain on sale of properties and businesses |
|
$ |
107 |
|
$ |
45 |
|
$ |
30 |
|
Other |
|
|
3 |
|
|
3 |
|
|
3 |
|
Total
other income |
|
$ |
110 |
|
$ |
48 |
|
$ |
33 |
|
Other
deductions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Asset
writedown and lease termination charges |
|
$ |
371 |
|
$ |
2 |
|
$ |
237 |
|
Employee
severance charges |
|
|
107 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
Power
purchase contract settlement |
|
|
101 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
Capgemini
transition costs |
|
|
9 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
Expenses
related to cancelled construction projects |
|
|
6 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
Equity
losses of unconsolidated entities |
|
|
5 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
Transaction
related fees |
|
|
2 |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
Debt
extinguishment losses |
|
|
1 |
|
|
3 |
|
|
─ |
|
Loss
on sale of properties |
|
|
─ |
|
|
─ |
|
|
2 |
|
Other |
|
|
8 |
|
|
17 |
|
|
15 |
|
Total
other deductions |
|
$ |
610 |
|
$ |
22 |
|
$ |
254 |
|
Severance
Liability Related to Restructuring Activities -
|
|
|
|
Liability
for severance costs as of December 31, 2003 |
|
$ |
2 |
|
Additions
to liability |
|
|
81 |
|
Payments
charged against liability |
|
|
(37 |
) |
Other
adjustments to the liability |
|
|
(4 |
) |
Liability
for severance costs as of December 31, 2004 |
|
$ |
42 |
|
The above
table excludes severance costs reported in discontinued operations.
Interest
Expense and Related Charges —
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest
(a) |
|
$
|
264
|
|
$
|
272
|
|
$
|
213
|
|
Distributions
on preferred membership interests (b) |
|
|
68
|
|
|
34
|
|
|
─
|
|
Amortization
of discount and debt issuance costs |
|
|
29
|
|
|
24
|
|
|
8
|
|
Interest
capitalzed in accordance with SFAS 34 |
|
|
(8
|
)
|
|
(7
|
)
|
|
(6
|
)
|
Total
interest expense and related charges |
|
$
|
353
|
|
$
|
323
|
|
$
|
215
|
|
|
(a) |
Included
in interest for the period ended December 31, 2003 is $34 million related
to the exchangeable subordinated notes that were exchanged for preferred
membership interests in July 2003. |
|
(b) |
In
April 2004, TXU Corp. purchased from the holders TXU Energy Holdings’
preferred membership interests, and subsequent to this purchase, TXU
Energy Holdings has paid distributions on the preferred membership
interests to TXU Corp. |
Affiliate
Transactions — The
following represent the significant affiliate transactions of TXU Energy
Holdings:
· TXU
Energy Holdings incurs electricity delivery fees charged by TXU Electric
Delivery. For the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, these fees
totaled $1.4 billion, $1.5 billion and $1.6 billion, respectively. These amounts
included $1 million for the year ended December 31, 2004 and $2 million for each
of the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002 pursuant to a transformer
maintenance agreement.
· TXU
Energy Holdings records interest expense to reimburse TXU Electric Delivery for
interest on TXU Electric Delivery’s debt associated with generation-related
regulatory assets, which now consists entirely of securitization bonds. For the
years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, this interest expense totaled $54
million, $43 million and $28 million, respectively.
· Under the
terms of the settlement plan, TXU Electric Delivery issued an initial $500
million of securitization bonds in 2003 and issued $790 million in June 2004.
The incremental income taxes TXU Electric Delivery will pay on the transition
charges to TXU Electric Delivery’s customers related to the bonds will be
reimbursed by TXU Energy Holdings. Therefore, TXU Energy Holdings’ financial
statements reflect a $435 million non-interest bearing note payable to TXU
Electric Delivery ($49 million of which is due currently) that will be
extinguished as TXU Electric Delivery pays the related income taxes.
· The
average daily balances of short-term advances to affiliates during the year
ended December 31, 2004 was $964 million and average daily short-term advances
from affiliates during the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002 were $343
million and $417 million, respectively. Interest income earned on the advances
for the year ended December 31, 2004 was $28 million and interest expense
incurred on the advances for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002 was $8
million and $10 million, respectively. The weighted average interest rate for
the year ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002 was 2.9%, 2.8% and 2.7%,
respectively.
· TXU Corp.
charges TXU Energy Holdings for financial, accounting, environmental and other
administrative services at cost. For the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and
2002, these costs totaled $184 million, $223 million and $286 million,
respectively, and are primarily included in SG&A expenses. Effective July 1,
2004, under the ten year services agreement with Capgemini, several of the
functions previously performed by TXU Corp. are now provided by Capgemini.
· TXU
Energy Holdings received payments from TXU Gas under a service agreement that
began in 2002 and ended June 30, 2004 and covered customer billing and customer
support services provided for TXU Gas. These revenues totaled $15 million, $29
million and $28 million for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002,
respectively, and are included in other revenues. On October 1, 2004, TXU Corp.
and Atmos Energy Corporation completed a merger by division in which Atmos
Energy Corporation acquired TXU Gas’ operations.
· Under
Texas regulatory provisions, the trust fund for decommissioning the Comanche
Peak nuclear generation facility, reported in investments on TXU Energy
Holdings’ balance sheet, is funded by a delivery fee surcharge billed to REPs by
TXU Electric Delivery, with the intent that the trust fund assets will be
sufficient to fund the decommissioning liability, reported in noncurrent
liabilities on TXU Energy Holdings’ balance sheet. Differences between the
costs collected through the delivery fee surcharge by TXU Electric Delivery and
the accrued depreciation and accretion-related expenses incurred by TXU Energy
Holdings are recorded as a regulatory asset by TXU Electric Delivery. The
regulatory assets, which totaled $30 million at December 31, 2004 represents the
excess of the decommissioning liability over the trust fund balance. TXU
Energy Holdings recorded $1 million and $29 million in 2004 and 2003
respectively, in earnings and through intercompany receivable /payables on its
balance sheet.
· In April
2004, TXU Corp. purchased from the holders TXU Energy Holdings’ exchangeable
preferred membership interests, and as a result TXU Energy Holdings has paid
distributions to TXU Corp. on these securities, which remain outstanding, since
the purchase. Interest expense and related charges associated with these
securities, including amortization of the related discount, totaled $57 million
for the year ended December 31, 2004 since the date of TXU Corp.’s purchase of
the securities.
Restricted
Cash ─ At
December 31, 2004, TXU Energy Holdings had $21 million in restricted cash ($6
million reported in current assets and $15 million reported in investments) for
demolition and relocation work to be performed by TXU Energy Holdings related to
the sale of land.
Accounts
Receivable — At
December 31, 2004 and 2003, accounts receivable of $1.1 billion and $943
million, respectively, are stated net of uncollectible accounts of $15 million
and $51 million, respectively. During 2004, bad debt expense was $91 million,
account writeoffs were $120 million and other activity decreased the allowance
for uncollectible accounts by $7 million. During 2003, bad debt expense was $114
million, account write-offs were $121 million and other activity decreased the
allowance for uncollectible accounts by $13 million. Allowances related to
receivables sold are reported in current liabilities and totaled $45 million and
$39 million at December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. See Note 6 regarding
sale of receivables.
Accounts
receivable included $387 million and $388 million of unbilled revenues at
December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively.
Commodity
Contract Assets ─ At
December 31, 2004 and 2003, current and noncurrent commodity contract assets
totaling $861 million and $657 million, respectively, are stated net of
applicable credit (collection) and performance reserves totaling $15 million and
$18 million, respectively. Performance reserves are provided for direct,
incremental costs to settle the contracts.
Inventories
by Major Category —
|
|
December
31, |
|
|
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
Materials
and supplies |
|
$ |
133 |
|
$ |
225 |
|
Fuel
stock |
|
|
79 |
|
|
78 |
|
Gas
stored underground |
|
|
72 |
|
|
83 |
|
Total
inventories |
|
$ |
284 |
|
$ |
386 |
|
Inventories
are carried at cost and reflect a $22 million reduction in 2003 as a result of
the rescission of EITF 98-10 as discussed in Note 3.
Property,
Plant and Equipment
—
|
|
December
31, |
|
|
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
Electricity
generation |
|
$ |
15,590 |
|
$ |
15,861 |
|
Other |
|
|
492 |
|
|
739 |
|
Total |
|
|
16,082 |
|
|
16,600 |
|
Less
accumulated depreciation |
|
|
6,527 |
|
|
6,642 |
|
Net
of accumulated depreciation |
|
|
9,555 |
|
|
9,958 |
|
Construction
work in progress |
|
|
247 |
|
|
256 |
|
Nuclear
fuel (net of accumulated amortization: 2004 — $998; 2003 —
$934) |
|
|
118 |
|
|
131 |
|
Net
property, plant and equipment |
|
$ |
9,920 |
|
$ |
10,345 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Intangible
Assets —
SFAS 142
became effective for TXU Energy Holdings on January 1, 2002. SFAS 142 requires,
among other things, the allocation of goodwill to reporting units based upon the
current fair value of the reporting units, and the discontinuance of goodwill
amortization. The
amortization of TXU Energy Holdings’ existing goodwill ceased effective January
1, 2002. SFAS 142
also requires additional disclosures regarding intangible assets (other than
goodwill) that are amortized or not amortized:
|
|
As
of December 31, 2004 |
|
As
of December 31, 2003 |
|
|
|
Gross |
|
|
|
|
|
Gross |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Carrying |
|
Accumulated |
|
|
|
Carrying |
|
Accumulated |
|
|
|
|
|
Amount |
|
Amortization |
|
Net |
|
Amount |
|
Amortization |
|
Net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortized
intangible assets (included in property, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
plant
and equipment): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capitalized
software |
|
$ |
3 |
|
$ |
1 |
|
$ |
2 |
|
$ |
241 |
|
$ |
112 |
|
$ |
129 |
|
Land
easements |
|
|
2 |
|
|
1 |
|
|
1 |
|
|
11 |
|
|
8 |
|
|
3 |
|
Mineral
rights and other |
|
|
31 |
|
|
23 |
|
|
8 |
|
|
31 |
|
|
22 |
|
|
9 |
|
Total |
|
$ |
36 |
|
$ |
25 |
|
$ |
11 |
|
$ |
283 |
|
$ |
142 |
|
$ |
141 |
|
Aggregate
TXU Energy Holdings amortization expense for intangible assets, excluding
goodwill, for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002 was $20 million,
$36 million and $38 million, respectively. At December 31, 2004, the weighted
average useful lives of capitalized software, land easements and mineral rights
noted above were 5 years, 54 years and 40 years, respectively. The estimated
amount of amortization expense for the next five years is as follows: $1 million
for 2005, $1 million for 2006 and none for the years 2007 to 2009.
Goodwill
of $517 million and $533 million at December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively,
was stated net of previously recorded accumulated amortization of $60 million.
TXU Energy Holdings transferred $16 million of goodwill to US Holdings in
connection with the transfer of TXU Fuel Company to US Holdings on April 30,
2004.
TXU
Energy Holdings evaluates goodwill for impairment at least annually (as of
October 1) in accordance with SFAS 142. The impairment tests performed are based
on discounted cash flow analyses. No goodwill impairment has been recognized for
consolidated reporting units reflected in results from continuing operations.
Supplemental
Cash Flow Information
—
|
|
Year
Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
2002 |
|
Cash
payments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest
(net of amounts capitalized) |
|
$ |
339 |
|
$ |
262 |
|
$ |
204 |
|
Income
taxes |
|
$ |
232 |
|
$ |
106 |
|
$ |
157 |
|
Cash
receipts related to discontinued operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
taxes |
|
$ |
(7 |
) |
$ |
(14 |
) |
$ |
─ |
|
Noncash
investing and financing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Transfer
of TXU Fuel ownership |
|
$ |
(73 |
) |
|
– |
|
|
– |
|
Conversion
of capital (from) to advances |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
(15 |
) |
Noncash
capital contribution related to issuance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
of
exchangeable subordinated notes |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
266 |
|
See Note
3 for the effects of adopting SFAS 143, which were noncash in nature.
Quarterly
Information (unaudited)
—
The
results of operations by quarter are summarized below and reflect the
discontinuance of the strategic retail service business and the Pedricktown
operations.
In the
opinion of TXU Energy Holdings, all other adjustments (consisting of normal
recurring accruals) necessary for a fair statement of such amounts have been
made. Quarterly results are not necessarily indicative of expectations for a
full year’s operations because of seasonal and other factors.
|
|
Quarter
Ended |
|
|
|
March
31 |
|
June
30 |
|
Sept.
30 |
|
Dec.
31 |
|
2004: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating
revenues |
|
$ |
1,957 |
|
$ |
2,115 |
|
$ |
2,517 |
|
$ |
1,906 |
|
Income
(loss) from continuing operations before |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cumulative
effect of changes in accounting principles |
|
$ |
116 |
|
$ |
(19 |
) |
$ |
309 |
|
$ |
2 |
|
Loss
from discontinued operations, net of tax effect |
|
$ |
(3 |
) |
$ |
(27 |
) |
$ |
(3 |
) |
$ |
(1 |
) |
Cumulative
effect of changes in accounting principles, net of tax effect |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
4 |
|
Net
income (loss) |
|
$ |
113 |
|
$ |
(46 |
) |
$ |
306 |
|
$ |
5 |
|
Included
in fourth quarter 2004 income from continuing operations were lease termination
costs of $180 million ($117 million after-tax) and charges related to the
termination of a power purchase contract of $43 million ($28 million
after-tax).
2003: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating
revenues |
|
$ |
1,790 |
|
$ |
2,016 |
|
$ |
2,437 |
|
$ |
1,743 |
|
Income
from continuing operations before |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cumulative
effect of changes in accounting principles |
|
$ |
36 |
|
$ |
154 |
|
$ |
250 |
|
$ |
57 |
|
Loss
from discontinued operations, net of tax effect |
|
$ |
(1 |
) |
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
(1 |
) |
$ |
(16 |
) |
Cumulative
effect of changes in accounting principles, net of tax effect |
|
$ |
(58 |
) |
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
─ |
|
$ |
─ |
|
Net
income (loss) |
|
$ |
(23 |
) |
$ |
154 |
|
$ |
249 |
|
$ |
41 |
|
Included
in fourth quarter 2003 income from discontinued operations were impairment and
other exit charges totaling $10.3 million ($6.7 million after-tax).
TXU
Energy Company LLC Exhibits to 2004 Form 10-K
APPENDIX
B
Exhibits
|
Previously
Filed*
With
File
Number
|
As
Exhibit
|
|
|
(2) |
Plan
of Acquisition, Reorganization, Arrangement, Liquidation or
Succession.
|
2(a)
|
1-12833
Form
8-K
(filed
January 16, 2002)
|
2
|
—
|
Master
Separation Agreement by and among TXU Electric Delivery Company, TXU
Generation Holdings Company LLC, TXU Merger Energy Trading Company LP, TXU
SESCO Company, TXU SESCO Energy Services Company, TXU Energy Retail
Company LP and TXU US Holdings, dated as of December 14,
2001.
|
3(i)
|
Articles
of Incorporation.
|
3(a)
|
333-108876
Form
S-4 (filed September 17, 2003
|
3(a)
|
|
Certificate
of Formation of TXU Energy Company LLC dated November 5,
2001.
|
3(ii)
|
By-laws.
|
3(b)
|
333-108876
Form
S-4 (filed September 17, 2003)
|
3(b)
|
—
|
Second
Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of TXU Energy
Company LLC dated as of July 1, 2003.
|
(4)
|
Instruments
Defining the Rights of Security Holders, Including
Indentures.**
|
4(a)
|
333-108876
Form
S-4 (filed September 17, 2003)
|
4(a)
|
—
|
Indenture
(For Unsecured Debt Securities), dated as of March 1, 2003, between TXU
Energy Company LLC and The Bank of New York.
|
4(b)
|
333-108876
Form
S-4 (filed September 17, 2003)
|
4(b)
|
—
|
Officer’s
Certificate, dated March 11, 2003, establishing the terms of TXU Energy
Company’s 6.125% Senior Notes due 2008 and 7.000% Senior Notes due
2013.
|
4(c)
|
333-108876
Form
S-4 (filed September 17, 2003)
|
4(a)
|
—
|
Officer’s
Certificate, dated July 14, 2004, establishing the terms of TXU Energy
Company’s Floating Rate Senior Notes.
|
(10)
|
Material
Contracts.
|
|
Credit
Agreements.
|
10(a)
|
1-12833
Form
8-K (filed May 1, 2004)
|
10(e)
|
—
|
$2,500,000,000
Revolving Credit Agreement, dated as of June 24, 2004, among Oncor, TXU
Energy Company LLC and the lenders listed in Schedule 2.01 thereto, and
JPMorgan Chase Bank, as administrative agent and the other parties
thereto.
|
10(b)
|
1-12833
Form
10-Q (filed November 5, 2004)
|
10(e)
|
—
|
Credit
Agreement, dated as of November 4, 2004, between TXU Energy Company LLC
and Wachovia Bank, National Association.
|
|
Other
Material Contracts.
|
10(c)
|
1-12833
Form
10-Q
(filed
August 6, 2004)
|
10(j)
|
—
|
Purchase
and Sale Agreement between TXU Fuel Company and Energy Transfer Partners,
L.P., dated April 25, 2004.
|
10(d)
|
1-12833
Form
10-Q
(filed
August 6, 2004)
|
|
—
|
Master
Framework Agreement dated May 17, 2004 by and between TXU Energy Company
LLC and Capgemini Energy LP.
|
10(e)
|
333-100240
Form
S-4
(filed
October 2, 2002)
|
10(c)
|
—
|
Generation
Interconnection Agreement, dated December 14, 2001, between Oncor and TXU
Generation Company LP.
|
10(f)
|
333-100240
Form
S-4
(filed
October 2, 2002)
|
10(d)
|
—
|
Generation
Interconnection Agreement, dated December 14, 2001, between Oncor and TXU
Generation Company LP, for itself and as Agent for TXU Big Brown Company
LP, TXU Mountain Creek Company LP, TXU Handley Company LP, TXU
Tradinghouse Company LP and TXU DeCordova Company LP (Interconnection
Agreement).
|
10(g)
|
333-100240
Form
S-4
(filed
October 2, 2002)
|
10(e)
|
—
|
Amendment
No. 1 to Interconnection Agreement, dated May 31, 2002.
|
10(h)
|
1-12833
Form
10-K (2003) (filed March 12, 2004)
|
10(qq)
|
—
|
Lease
Agreement dated as of February 14, 2002 between State Street Bank and
Trust Company of Connecticut, National Association, as owner trustee of
ZSF/Dallas Tower Trust, a Delaware grantor trust, as Lessor and TXU
Properties Company, a Texas corporation, as Lessee (Energy Plaza
Property).
|
10(i)
|
1-12833
Form
10-K (2003) (filed March 12, 2004)
|
10(rr)
|
—
|
Guaranty
Agreement dated February 14, 2002 by TXU Corp. in favor of State Street
Bank and Trust Company of Connecticut, National Association, as owner
trustee of ZSF/Dallas Tower Trust, a Delaware grantor trust, as
Lessor
|
10(j)
|
1-12833
Form
10-K (2003) (filed March 12, 2004)
|
10(ss)
|
—
|
Additional
Guaranty Agreement dated November 19, 2002 by TXU Energy Company LLC in
favor of State Street Bank and Trust Company of Connecticut, National
Association, as owner trustee of ZSF/Dallas Tower Trust, a Delaware
grantor trust, as Lessor.
|
10(k)
|
|
|
|
Agreement
dated as of March 10, 2005, by and between TXU Electric Delivery Company
and TXU Energy Company LLC allocating to TXU Electric Delivery Company the
pension and post-retirement benefit costs for all TXU Electric Company
employees who had retired or had terminated employment as vested
employees prior
to January 1, 2002.
|
(12)
|
Statement
Regarding Computation of Ratios.
|
12
|
|
|
—
|
Computation
of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges, and Ratio of Earnings to Combined
Fixed Charges and Preference Dividends.
|
(21)
|
Subsidiaries
of the Registrant.
|
21
|
|
|
—
|
Subsidiaries
of TXU Energy Company LLC.
|
(23)
|
Consents
of Experts and Counsel.
|
23
|
|
|
—
|
Consent
of Deloitte & Touche LLP, Independent Auditors for TXU Energy Company
LLC.
|
(31)
|
Rule
13a - 14(a)/15d - 14(a) Certifications.
|
31(a)
|
|
|
—
|
Certification
of Paul O’Malley, principal executive officer of TXU Energy Company LLC,
pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
|
31(b)
|
|
|
—
|
Certification
of Kirk R. Oliver, principal financial officer of TXU Energy Company LLC,
pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
|
(32)
|
Section
1350 Certifications.
|
32(a)
|
|
|
—
|
Certification
of Paul O’Malley, principal executive officer of TXU Energy Company LLC,
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
|
32(b)
|
|
|
—
|
Certification
of Kirk R. Oliver, principal financial officer of TXU Energy Company LLC,
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
|
* |
Incorporated
herein by reference. |
** |
Certain
instruments defining the rights of holders of long-term debt of the
registrant’s subsidiaries included in the financial statements filed
herewith have been omitted because the total amount of securities
authorized thereunder does not exceed 10 percent of the total assets of
the registrant and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. Registrant
hereby agrees, upon request of the Securities and Exchange Commission, to
furnish a copy of any such omitted
instrument. |