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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2004

OR

For the transition period from                  to                 

Commission file number 0-27812

MEDALLION FINANCIAL CORP.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) (212) 328-2100

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share

(Title of class)

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

    YES   x     NO  ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).     Yes  x     No.  ¨

The aggregate market value of the voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant, computed by reference to the last reported price at which the stock was sold on June 30, 2004 (the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second quarter) was $7.95.

The number of outstanding shares of registrant’s Common Stock, par value $0.01, as of April 5, 2005 was 16,955,865.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement for its 2004 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, which Definitive Proxy Statement will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission not later than 120 days after the registrant’s fiscal year-end of December 31, 2004, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.

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MEDALLION FINANCIAL CORP.

2004 FORM 10-K ANNUAL REPORT

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The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and the notes to those statements and other financial information appearing elsewhere in this report.

This report contains forward-looking statements relating to future events and future performance of the Company within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, including, without limitation, statements regarding the Company’s expectations, beliefs, intentions, or future strategies that are signified by the words expects, anticipates, intends, believes, or similar language. Actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in such forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements included in this document are based on information available to the Company on the date hereof, and the Company assumes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements. The Company cautions investors that its business and financial performance are subject to substantial risks and uncertainties.

PART I

ITEM 1. BUSINESS OF THE COMPANY

GENERAL

Medallion Financial Corp. (the Company) is a specialty finance company that has a leading position in originating, acquiring, and servicing loans that finance taxicab medallions and various types of commercial businesses, and in originating consumer loans for the purchase of recreational vehicles, boats, and horse trailers. Our core philosophy has been “In niches there are riches.” We try to identify markets that are profitable and where we can be an industry leader. Since 1996, the year in which the Company became a public company, it has increased its taxicab medallion loan portfolio at a compound annual growth rate of 14%, and its commercial loan portfolio at a compound annual growth rate of 16%. Total assets under our management, which includes assets serviced for third party investors, were approximately $833,075,000 as of December 31, 2004, and have grown at a compound annual growth rate of 18% from $215,000,000 at the end of 1996.

The Company conducts its business through various wholly-owned subsidiaries including its primary taxicab operating company, Medallion Funding Corp. (MFC). The Company also conducts business through Business Lenders, LLC (BLL), licensed under the US Small Business Administration (SBA) Section 7(a) program; Medallion Business Credit, LLC (MBC), an originator of loans to small businesses for the purpose of financing inventory and receivables; Medallion Capital, Inc. (MCI), which conducts a mezzanine financing business; Freshstart Venture Capital Corp. (FSVC), a Small Business Investment Company (SBIC) which originates and services taxicab medallion and commercial loans; and Medallion Bank (MB), a bank regulated by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) and the Utah Department of Financial Institutions to originate taxicab medallion, commercial, and RV/Marine consumer loans, to raise deposits, and to conduct other banking activities. MFC, MCI, and FSVC operate as SBICs and are regulated and financed in part by the SBA.

As an adjunct to the Company’s taxicab medallion finance business, the Company previously operated a taxicab rooftop advertising business through two subsidiaries, the primary operator Medallion Taxi Media, Inc. (Media), and a small operating subsidiary in Japan (MMJ) (together MTM). During the 2004 third quarter, Media was merged with and into a subsidiary of Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (CCU), and MMJ was sold in a stock sale to its management. The Company no longer conducts a taxicab rooftop advertising business.

Alvin Murstein, the Company’s Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, has over 45 years of experience in the ownership, management, and financing of taxicab medallions and other commercial businesses. Andrew Murstein, the Company’s President, is the third generation in his family to participate in the business.

We are a closed-end, non-diversified management investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (1940 Act). Our investment objectives are to provide a high level of distributable income, consistent with the preservation of capital, as well as long-term growth of net asset value.

We have elected to be treated as a Business Development Company registered under the 1940 Act. Traditionally, the Company and each of its corporate subsidiaries other than Media and MB (the RIC subsidiaries) have elected to be treated for federal income tax purposes as a regulated investment company (RIC) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code). As RICs, the Company and each of the RIC subsidiaries are not subject to US federal income tax on any gains or investment company taxable income (which includes, among other things, dividends and interest income reduced by deductible expenses) that it distributes to its shareholders, if at least 90% of its investment company taxable

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income for that taxable year is distributed. It is the Company’s and the RIC subsidiaries’ policy to comply with the provisions of the Code. The Company did not qualify to be treated as a RIC for 2003 and 2002. As a result, the Company was treated as a taxable entity in 2003 and 2002, which had an immaterial effect on the Company’s financial position and results of operations for 2003 and 2002. The Company anticipates qualifying and filing its federal tax returns as a RIC for 2004.

As a result of the above, for 2003 and for 2002, income taxes were provided under the provisions of SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes,” as the Company was treated as a taxable entity for tax purposes. Accordingly, the Company recognized current and deferred tax consequences for all transactions recognized in the consolidated financial statements, calculated based upon the enacted tax laws, including tax rates in effect for current and future years. Valuation allowances were established for deferred tax assets when it was more likely than not that they would not be realized.

Media and MB are not RICs and are taxed as regular corporations. For 2003 and 2002, Media’s losses have been included in the tax calculation of the Company along with MFC. For 2004, Media will file a partial year tax return covering the period prior to the merger with CCU.

During the 2004 second quarter, BLL changed its tax status from that of a disregarded “pass-through” entity of the Company to that of a company taxable as a corporation. For the 2004 year to date, BLL has no tax liability as a result of this election.

MEDALLION LOANS

Taxicab medallion loans of $392,131,000 comprised 61% of our $643,541,000 net investment portfolio as of December 31, 2004. Since 1979, we have originated, on a combined basis, approximately $305,157,000 in medallion loans in New York City, Chicago, Boston, Newark, Cambridge, and other cities within the United States. Our medallion loan portfolio consists of mostly fixed-rate loans, collateralized by first security interests in taxicab medallions and related assets. As of December 31, 2004, approximately 78% of the principal amount of our medallion loans were in New York City. Although some of the medallion loans have from time to time been in arrears or in default, our loss experience on medallion loans has been negligible. We estimate that the average loan-to-value ratio of all of the medallion loans was approximately 55% at December 31, 2004. In addition, we have recourse against a vast majority of the owners of the taxicab medallions and related assets through personal guarantees.

The New York City Taxi and Limousine Commission (TLC) estimates that the total value of all of New York City taxicab medallions and related assets exceeds $4.5 billion. We estimate that the total value of all taxicab medallions and related assets in the US exceeds $6.5 billion. We believe that we will continue to develop growth opportunities by further penetrating the highly fragmented medallion financing marketplace. Additionally, in the future, the Company may enhance its portfolio growth rate through selective acquisitions of medallion financing businesses and their related portfolios. Since our initial public offering, we have acquired several additional medallion loan portfolios.

Portfolio Characteristics

Medallion loans generally require equal monthly payments covering accrued interest and amortization of principal over a ten to fifteen year schedule, subject to a balloon payment of all outstanding principal after four or five years. More recently, we have begun to originate loans with one-to-three year maturities where interest rates are adjusted and a new maturity period set. Borrowers may prepay medallion loans upon payment of a fee of approximately 90 days’ interest. We believe that the likelihood of prepayment is a function of changes in interest rates and medallion values. Borrowers are more likely to exercise prepayment rights in a decreasing interest rate environment when the interest rates payable on their loans are high relative to prevailing interest rates, and we believe that they are less likely to prepay in a rising interest rate environment. We generally retain the medallion loans we originate; however, from time to time, we participate or sell shares of some loans or portfolios to interested third party financial institutions. In these cases, we retain the borrower relationships and service the sold loans. The total amount of medallion loans under management was $409,001,000 at December 31, 2004, compared to $324,456,000 at December 31, 2003.

At December 31, 2004, substantially all medallion loans were collateralized by first security interests in taxicab medallions and related assets (vehicles, meters, and the like), and were originated at an approximate loan-to-value ratio range of 80-90%. In addition, we have recourse against the vast majority of direct and indirect owners of the medallions who personally guarantee the loans. Although personal guarantees increase the commitment of borrowers to repay their loans, there can be no assurance that the assets available under personal guarantees would, if required, be sufficient to satisfy the obligations subject to such guarantees.

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We believe that our medallion loan portfolio is of high credit quality because medallions have generally increased in value and are relatively simple to repossess and resell in an active market. In the past, when a borrower has defaulted on a loan, we have repossessed the medallion collateralizing that loan. If the loan was not brought current, the medallion was sold in the active market at prices at or in excess of the amounts due. Although some of the medallion loans have from time to time been in arrears or in default, our loss experience on medallion loans has been negligible.

Market Position

We have originated and serviced medallion loans since 1979, and have established a leading position in the industry. Management has a long history of owning, managing, and financing taxicab fleets, taxicab medallions, and corporate car services, dating back to 1956. Medallion loans collateralized by New York City taxicab medallions and related assets comprised 78% of the value of the medallion loan portfolio at December 31, 2004. The balance of medallion loans is collateralized by taxicab medallions in Chicago, Boston, Newark, Cambridge, and other cities within the United States. We believe that there are significant growth opportunities in these and other metropolitan markets nationwide.

The following table displays information on medallion loans outstanding in each of our major markets at December 31, 2004.

The New York City Market. A New York City taxicab medallion is the only permitted license to operate a taxicab and accept street hails in New York City. As reported by the TLC, individual (owner-driver) medallions sold for approximately $331,000 and corporate medallions sold for approximately $375,000 at December 31, 2004. The number of taxicab medallions is limited by law, and as a result of the limited supply of medallions, an active market for medallions has developed. The law limiting the number of medallions also stipulates that the ownership for the 12,787 medallions outstanding at December 31, 2004 shall remain divided into 5,115 individual medallions and 7,672 fleet or corporate medallions. Corporate medallions are more valuable because they can be aggregated by businesses, leased to drivers, and operated for more than one shift. The City of New York auctioned 600 additional medallions during 2004, and plans to auction 300 more medallions during the later part of 2005. The City announced a 25% fare hike to support the increased level of medallions, which took effect in the 2004 second quarter. The results of the auctions held were highly successful with a large number of bids received, and record-setting medallion values established. The floor on the remaining auction bids is expected to be the current market values at the date of the auction, which as of January 2005 are in excess of $350,000 for a corporate medallion. Although there can be no assurances, in past auctions, the establishment of a bid floor has tended to support the existing valuation level of the medallions.

A prospective medallion owner must qualify under the medallion ownership standards set and enforced by the TLC. These standards prohibit individuals with criminal records from owning medallions, require that the funds used to purchase medallions be derived from legitimate sources, and mandate that taxicab vehicles and meters meet TLC specifications. In addition, before the TLC will approve a medallion transfer, the TLC requires a letter from the seller’s insurer stating that there are no outstanding claims for personal injuries in excess of insurance coverage. After the transfer is approved, the owner’s taxicab is subject to quarterly TLC inspections.

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Most New York City medallion transfers are handled through approximately 30 medallion brokers licensed by the TLC. In addition to brokering medallions, these brokers also arrange for TLC documentation insurance, vehicles, meters, and financing. The Company has excellent relations with many of the most active brokers and regularly receives referrals from them. However, the Company receives most of its referrals from a small number of brokers. Brokers generated 20% of the loans originated for the year-ended December 31, 2004.

The Chicago Market. We estimate that Chicago medallions currently sell for approximately $56,000. Pursuant to a municipal ordinance, the number of outstanding medallions is currently capped at 6,800, which includes an additional 150 and 200 medallions that were auctioned and placed into service in July 1999 and December 2000, respectively. We estimate that the total value of all Chicago medallions and related assets is over $517,000,000.

The Boston Market. We estimate that Boston medallions currently sell for approximately $274,000. The number of Boston medallions had been limited by law since 1934 to 1,525 medallions. In March 1990 an immediate increase to 1,825 was ordered with additional increases over a two and one-half year period to a total of 2,025. We estimate that the total value of all Boston medallions and related assets is over $595,000,000.

The Newark Market. We estimate that Newark medallions currently sell for approximately $195,000. The number of Newark medallions currently has been limited to 600 since 1950 by local law. We estimate that the total value of all Newark medallions and related assets is over $129,000,000.

The Cambridge Market. We estimate that Cambridge medallions currently sell for approximately $243,000. The number of Cambridge medallions has been limited to 248 since 1945 by a Cambridge city ordinance. We estimate that the total value of all Cambridge medallions and related assets is over $65,000,000.

COMMERCIAL LOANS

Commercial loans of $136,835,000 comprised 21% of the $643,541,000 net investment portfolio as of December 31, 2004. From the inception of the commercial loan business in 1987 through December 31, 2004, we have originated more than 10,000 commercial loans for an aggregate principal amount of approximately $687,533,000. The commercial loan portfolio consists of floating-rate, adjustable, and fixed-rate loans. We had increased our commercial loan activity in recent years to 21% of net investments, primarily because of the attractive higher yielding, floating rate nature of most of this business. The outstanding balances of commercial loans grew at a compound annual rate of 16% since 1996, although balances declined during 2002 and 2003, as the Company sought to increase liquidity by selling and not renewing certain loans, and have grown 55% during 2004, reflecting a return to the Company’s historical growth patterns. The increase since 1996 has been primarily driven by internal growth through the origination of additional commercial loans. We plan to continue expanding our commercial loan activities by developing a more diverse borrower base, a wider geographic area of coverage, and by expanding targeted industries.

Commercial loans are generally secured by equipment, accounts receivable, real estate, and other assets, and have interest rates averaging 500 basis points over the prevailing prime rate. As with medallion loans, the vast majority of the principals of borrowers personally guarantee commercial loans. The aggregate realized loss of principal on commercial loans has averaged less than 2.1% per annum for the last five years.

Secured Mezzanine Loans

Through our MCI subsidiary we originate both senior and subordinated loans to businesses in a variety of industries, including radio and television stations, airport food service operations, and various manufacturing concerns. These loans are primarily secured by a second position on all assets of the businesses, range from $1,000,000 to $5,000,000, and represent approximately 34% of the commercial loan portfolio. Frequently, we receive warrants to purchase an equity interest in the borrowers of secured mezzanine loans.

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Asset Based Loans

The Company originates, manages, and services asset-based loans to small businesses who require working capital credit facilities ranging from $500,000 to $3,500,000 through its MBC subsidiary. These loans represent approximately 33% of the commercial loan portfolio. The credit facilities are secured principally by the borrower’s accounts receivable, but may also be secured by inventory, machinery, equipment and/or real estate, and are personally guaranteed by the principals. Currently, our clients are mostly located in the New York metropolitan area and include manufacturers, distributors, and service organizations. We had successfully established 38 credit lines at December 31, 2004.

SBA Section 7(a) loans

The Company originates loans under the Section 7(a) program of the SBA through its BLL subsidiary. Up to 85% of the amounts of these loans are guaranteed (up to $1,000,000) by the federal government. These loans are secured by fixed assets and/or real estate primarily throughout the New England and the New York metropolitan regions, and comprise approximately 14% of the commercial loan portfolio. BLL has achieved “preferred lender” status from the SBA in eight geographical districts in which it originates loans, enabling them to obtain expedited loan approval and closing from the SBA. These loans have floating interest rates tied to a spread over the prime rate. Additionally, a liquid market exists for the sale of the guaranteed portion of these loans. BLL regularly sells the guaranteed portion of the Section 7(a) loans in the secondary market and recognizes a gain on these sales. These gains are accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities - a Replacement of FASB Statement No.125.” We believe that the floating-rate nature of these loans is beneficial for our interest rate risk management. Due to limitations imposed by the Company’s prior lenders, sources of liquidity were reduced for BLL, which resulted in BLL maintaining a business status quo as opposed to its previous rapid expansion. From late 2000 until mid 2003, no additional funding was provided to BLL for new business growth, and as a result, BLL reduced the scope of its operations by reducing personnel and closing offices, and funded all new loan activity and operations from its own internally generated cash flow. In mid 2003, the Company commenced funding new loan origination activity in excess of BLL’s internally generated cash flow. The Company has sold certain retained unguaranteed portions of this loan portfolio during 2003 and 2002, and may continue to do so in the future. On February 28, 2005, the Company entered into an agreement to sell substantially all of the assets of BLL to a subsidiary of Merrill Lynch & Co. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company will receive book value for the assets and will receive payment for all intercompany funding provided, in total, approximately $20,000,000. The transaction is subject to the approval of the Connecticut State Banking Department and the SBA, and is expected to close in approximately 60 days.

Other Secured Commercial Loans

The Company originates other commercial loans that are not concentrated in any particular industry. These loans represent approximately 19% of our commercial loan portfolio. Historically this portfolio had been made up of fixed-rate loans, but substantially all business originated over the last four years has been at adjustable interest rates, generally repricing on their anniversary date. Borrowers include food service, real estate, dry cleaner, and laundromat businesses.

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The following table displays information on the types of loans outstanding in our commercial loan portfolio at December 31, 2004.

Portfolio Characteristics

Commercial loans finance either the purchase of the equipment and related assets necessary to open a new business or the purchase or improvement of an existing business. We have originated commercial loans in principal amounts ranging from $50,000 to approximately $5,000,000. These loans are generally retained and typically have maturities ranging from one to ten years and require equal monthly payments covering accrued interest and amortization of principal over a four to five year term. Substantially all loans generally may be prepaid with a fee ranging from 30 to 120 days’ interest. The term of, and interest rate charged on, certain of our outstanding loans are subject to SBA regulations. Under SBA regulations, the maximum rate of interest permitted on loans originated by the Company is 19%. Unlike medallion loans, for which competition precludes us from charging the maximum rate of interest permitted under SBA regulations, we are able to charge the maximum rate on certain commercial loans. We believe that the increased yield on commercial loans compensates for their higher risk relative to medallion loans and further illustrates the benefits of diversification.

Commercial loans are generally originated at an average loan-to-value ratio of 70 to 75%. Substantially all of the commercial loans are collateralized by security interests in the assets being financed by the borrower. In addition, we have recourse against the vast majority of the principals of borrowers who personally guarantee the loans. Although personal guarantees increase the commitment of borrowers to repay their loans, there can be no assurance that the assets available under personal guarantees would, if required, be sufficient to satisfy the obligations secured by such guarantees. In certain cases, equipment vendors may provide full and partial recourse guarantees on loans.

CONSUMER LOANS

Consumer loans of $66,331,000 comprised 11% of our $643,541,000 net investment portfolio as of December 31, 2004. Most of the existing portfolio was purchased on April 1, 2004 from an unrelated financial institution and the transaction closed May 6, 2004. The loans are collateralized by recreational vehicles, boats, and trailers located in all 50 states. Beginning in the 2004 third quarter, consumer loans of $7,341,000 were originated by MB. The portfolio is serviced by a third party subsidiary of a major commercial bank.

Portfolio Characteristics

Consumer loans generally require equal monthly payments covering accrued interest and amortization of principal over a negotiated term, generally around ten years. Interest rates offered are both floating and fixed, and certain of the floating rate notes have built in caps or floors. Borrowers may prepay consumer loans without any prepayment penalty. In general, MB has established relationships with dealers in the industry, who source most of the customers to MB.

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At December 31, 2004, substantially all consumer loans were collateralized by first security interests in the recreational vehicles, boats, and trailers, and were originated at an approximate loan-to-value ratio of 107%.

We believe that our consumer loan portfolio is of acceptable credit quality given the high interest rates earned on the loans, which compensate for the higher degree of credit risk in the portfolio.

INVESTMENT ACTIVITY

The following table sets forth the components of investment activity in the investment portfolio for the periods indicated.

Investment Strategy

Our core philosophy has been “In niches there are riches.” We try to identify markets that are profitable and where we can be an industry leader. Core lending areas include taxicab medallion lending, automobile lending (taxicabs and limousines only), asset-based financing, Consumer RV and marine lending, and SBA 7(a) guaranteed loans. Additionally, we lend to small businesses that meet our overall credit criteria of strong collateral values and personal ability to repay the debt. In all lending divisions, we focus on making secured loans to achieve favorable yield to risk profiles and below average losses. In addition to increasing market share in existing lending markets and identifying new niches, we seek to acquire specialty finance companies that make secured loans to small businesses which have experienced historically low loan losses similar to our own. Since the Company’s initial public offering in May 1996, eight specialty finance companies, four loan portfolios, and three taxicab rooftop advertising companies have been acquired. Our most recent acquisition was the purchase of an RV/Marine loan portfolio by MB in April 2004 for $86,309,000.

Marketing, Origination, and Loan Approval Process

We employ 19 loan originators to originate medallion and commercial loans. Each loan application is individually reviewed through analysis of a number of factors, including loan-to-value ratios, a review of the borrower’s credit history, public records, personal interviews, trade references, personal inspection of the premises, and approval from the TLC, SBA, or other regulatory body, if applicable. Each applicant is required to provide personal or corporate tax returns, premises leases, and/or property deeds. Senior management establishes loan origination criteria. Loans that conform to such criteria may be processed by a loan officer with the proper credit authority, and non-conforming loans must be approved by the Chief Executive Officer and/or the Chief Credit Officer. Both medallion and commercial loans are sourced from brokers with extensive networks of applicants, and commercial loans are also referred by contacts with banks, attorneys, and accounting firms. Consumer loans are primarily sourced through relationships which have been established with RV and boat dealers throughout our market area.

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TAXICAB ROOFTOP ADVERTISING

In addition to its finance business, the Company also conducted a taxicab rooftop advertising business primarily through Media, which began operations in November 1994, and ceased operations during the 2004 third quarter upon the merger of Media with and into a subsidiary of CCU, and the sale of MMJ to its management. See Note 3 to the financial statements for additional information. Media’s revenue was affected by the number of taxicab rooftop advertising displays showing advertisements, and the rate charged customers for those displays, which totaled 6,800 in the US at the date of sale. Although Media was a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, its results of operations were not consolidated with the Company’s operations because SEC regulations prohibit the consolidation of non-investment companies with investment companies.

SOURCES OF FUNDS

Overview

We have historically funded our lending operations primarily through credit facilities with bank syndicates and, to a lesser degree, through fixed-rate, senior secured notes and long-term subordinated debentures issued to or guaranteed by the SBA. Since the inception of MB, substantially all of MB’s funding has been provided by FDIC insured brokered certificates of deposit. The determination of funding sources is established by our management, based upon an analysis of the respective financial and other costs and burdens associated with funding sources. Our funding strategy and interest rate risk management strategy is to have the proper structuring of debt to minimize both rate and maturity risk, while maximizing returns with the lowest cost of funding over an intermediate period of time.

The table below summarizes our cash levels and borrowings as of December 31, 2004, and should be read in conjunction with Notes 4 and 5 of the consolidated financial statements.

We fund our fixed-rate loans with variable-rate credit lines and bank debt, and with fixed-rate senior secured notes and SBA debentures. The mismatch between maturities and interest-rate sensitivities of these balance sheet items results in interest rate risk. We seek to manage our exposure to increases in market rates of interest to an acceptable level by:

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Nevertheless, we accept varying degrees of interest rate risk depending on market conditions. For additional discussion of our funding sources and asset liability management strategy, see Asset/Liability Management on page 32.

OUR OPERATION AS A RIC

We previously elected to be taxed as a RIC under Sections 851 through 855 of the Internal Revenue Code for each taxable year, assuming we satisfied the qualification requirements for RIC treatment in each year. As further described herein, and in the notes to the consolidated financial statements, during taxable year 2002 we did not qualify as a RIC and were therefore subject to tax as an ordinary corporation under Subchapter C of the Code. Importantly, because we had a net operating loss for 2002, our non-qualification of RIC status did not materially affect dividend distributions to our stockholders, and produced a potentially beneficial taxable loss to carry forward. The Company qualified as a RIC in 2003, but chose to be taxed as a C Corporation in 2003 in order to better utilize the net operating loss carryforwards generated in 2002 and prior years.

The sections of the Code relating to qualification and operation as a RIC are highly technical and complex. The following discussion summarizes material aspects of the sections of the Code that govern the federal income tax treatment of a RIC and the treatment of stockholders. This summary is qualified in its entirety by the applicable Code provisions, rules and regulations developed under the Code and the rules, and administrative and judicial interpretations of these provisions, rules and regulations.

In general, if certain detailed conditions of the Code are met (including the election of RIC taxation in each such year), Business Development Companies, like us in previous taxable years, are generally not taxed at the corporate level on the “investment company taxable income” and net capital gains that are distributed to stockholders, where they are taxed at ordinary income and capital gains rates, respectively. The income of a non-RIC corporation is generally subject to corporate tax. In addition, stockholders who receive income from non-RIC corporations are also taxed on the income they receive at the lower capital gains rate. Thus, the income of a non-RIC corporation is subject to “double taxation” (i.e., taxation at both the corporate and stockholder levels). RIC treatment reduces this “double taxation.” A RIC is, however, generally subject to federal income tax, at regular corporate rates, on undistributed investment company taxable income and net capital gains.

To avoid a 4% nondeductible federal excise tax on undistributed income and capital gains, we must distribute (or be deemed to have distributed) by December 31st of each year at least 98% of the sum of (1) our ordinary income for such year; (2) our capital gain net income (which is the excess of our capital gain over our capital loss and is generally computed on the basis of the one-year period ending on October 31st of such year); and (3) any amounts that were not distributed in the previous calendar year and on which no income tax has been paid.

As in 2002, if we do not qualify as a RIC in any year, we will be subject to income taxes as if we were a domestic corporation, and our stockholders will be taxed on any amounts distributed to them in the same manner as stockholders of an ordinary corporation. Depending on the relevant circumstances, if this were to occur, we could be subject to potentially significant tax liabilities and the amount of cash available for distribution to our stockholders could be reduced. In 2002, however, because we had a net operating loss we did not suffer any significant tax liabilities as a result of our loss of RIC status. Likewise, in 2003, we were not taxed as a RIC on our federal tax return, and were able to offset substantially all of our federal and state tax liabilities by the use of net operating loss carryforwards generated in prior years.

The Code’s definition of the term “RIC” includes a domestic corporation that has elected to be treated as a Business Development Company under the 1940 Act and meets certain requirements. These requirements are:

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These income and asset diversification requirements could restrict the expansion of our banking business conducted by MB.

In addition, to qualify as a RIC under the Code, in each taxable year a company also must distribute to its stockholders at least 90% of (a) its investment company taxable income and (b) the excess of its tax-exempt interest income over certain disallowed deductions.

If we satisfy these requirements, we would not be subject to federal income tax on the investment company taxable income and net capital gain distributed to our stockholders. However, any investment company taxable income and/or net capital gains retained by us would be subject to federal income tax at regular corporate income tax rates. However, we may designate retained net capital gains as a “deemed distribution” and pay a tax on this for the benefit of our stockholders.

As a RIC, if we acquire debt obligations that were originally issued at a discount, or bear interest rates that do not call for payments at fixed rates (or certain “qualified variable rates”) at regular intervals over the life of the obligation, we will be required to include, as interest income, in each year, a portion of the “original issue discount” that accrues over the life of the obligation regardless of whether we receive the income, and we will be obligated to make distributions accordingly. If this were to occur, we may borrow funds or sell assets to meet the distribution requirements. However, the 1940 Act prohibits us from making distributions to stockholders while senior securities are outstanding unless we meet certain asset coverage requirements. If we are unable to make the required distributions, we may be subject to the nondeductible 4% excise tax or we may fail to qualify as a RIC. In addition, the SBA restricts the amount of distributions to the amount of undistributed net realized earnings less the allowance for unrealized loan losses (which in our case includes unrealized depreciation).

If we qualify as a RIC, distributions made to our taxable domestic stockholders out of current or accumulated earnings and profits (and not designated as capital gain dividends) will be considered ordinary income to them. Distributions that are designated as capital gain dividends will be taxed as long-term capital gains, (to the extent they do not exceed our actual net capital gain for the taxable year) without regard to the period for which the stockholder has held the stock. Corporate stockholders, however, are subject to tax on capital gain dividends at the same rate as ordinary income.

To the extent that we made (or continue to make in 2004 and beyond) distributions in excess of current and accumulated earnings and profits, these distributions were (and would be) treated first as a tax-free return of capital to the stockholder, reducing the tax basis of a stockholder’s common stock by the amount of such distribution (but not below zero). Distributions in excess of the stockholder’s tax basis are taxable as capital gains (if the common stock is held as a capital asset). In addition, any dividends declared by us in October, November, or December of any year and payable to a stockholder of record on a specific date in any such month shall be treated as both paid by us and received by the stockholder on December 31st of such year, provided that the dividend is actually paid by us during January of the following calendar year. Stockholders may not include in their individual income tax returns any net operating losses or capital losses by us.

If we choose to retain and pay tax on any net capital gain rather than distribute such gain to our stockholders, we will designate such deemed distribution in a written notice to stockholders within 60 days after the close of the taxable year. Each stockholder would then be treated, for federal income tax income tax purposes, as if we had distributed to such stockholder, on the last day of its taxable year, the stockholder’s pro rata share of the net long-term capital gain retained by us and the stockholder had paid its pro rata share of the taxes paid by and reinvested the remainder in us.

In general, any losses upon a sale or exchange of common stock by a stockholder who has held the stock for six months or less (after applying certain holding period rules) will be treated as long-term capital loss to the extent that distributions from us are required to be treated by the stockholder as long-term capital gains.

As noted above, we were not taxed as a RIC in 2002 or 2003, and expect that we will be taxed as a RIC in 2004. If we fail to meet the RIC requirements for more than two consecutive years and then seek to requalify as a RIC, we would be required to recognize gain to the extent of any unrealized appreciation on our assets unless we make a special election to pay corporate-level tax on any such unrealized appreciation recognized during the succeeding 10-year period. Absent such special election, any gain we recognized would be deemed distributed to our stockholders as a taxable distribution.

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OUR OPERATION AS A BDC

As a Business Development Company, or BDC, we are subject to regulation under the 1940 Act, and we are periodically examined by the SEC for compliance with the 1940 Act. The 1940 Act contains prohibitions and restrictions relating to transactions between investment companies and their affiliates, principal underwriters and affiliates of those affiliates or underwriters. In addition, the 1940 Act provides that we may not change the nature of our business in a way which would cause us to lose our status as a BDC or withdraw our election as a BDC, unless we are authorized by a vote of a “majority of the Company’s outstanding voting securities,” as defined under the 1940 Act.

We are permitted, under specified conditions, to issue multiple classes of indebtedness and one class of stock (collectively, “senior securities,” as defined under the 1940 Act) senior to the shares of common stock if the asset coverage of the indebtedness and all senior securities is at least 200% immediately after the issuance. Subordinated SBA debentures guaranteed by or issued to the SBA by our RIC subsidiaries are not subject to this asset coverage test. In addition, while senior securities are outstanding, provisions must be made to prohibit the declaration of any dividend or other distribution to stockholders (except stock dividends) or the repurchase of securities or shares unless we meet the applicable asset coverage ratios at the time of the declaration of the dividend or distribution or repurchase after deducting such dividend, distribution or repurchase price.

Under the 1940 Act, a BDC may not acquire any asset other than assets of the type listed in Section 55(a) of the 1940 Act (Qualifying Assets) unless, at the time the acquisition is made, certain Qualifying Assets represent at least 70% of the value of the Company’s total assets. The principal categories of Qualifying Assets relevant to our business are the following:

In addition, a BDC’s cash items, government securities, or high quality debt securities maturing in one year or less from the time of investment, must have been organized (and have its principal place of business) in the US for the purpose of making investments in the types of securities described in (1) or (2) above.

To count securities as Qualifying Assets for the purpose of the 70% test, a BDC must either control the issuer of the securities or must make available to the issuer of the securities significant managerial assistance; except that, where a BDC purchases such securities in conjunction with one or more other persons acting together, one of the other persons in the group may make available the required managerial assistance.

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REGULATION BY THE SBA

MFC, MCI, and FSVC each operate as an SBIC. The Small Business Investment Act of 1958 (SBIA) authorizes the organization of SBICs as vehicles for providing equity capital, long term financing, and management assistance to small business concerns. The SBIA and the SBA regulations define a “small business concern” as a business that is independently owned and operated, which does not dominate its field of operation and which (i) has a net worth, together with any affiliates, of $18.0 million or less and average annual net income after US federal income taxes for the preceding two years of $6.0 million or less (average annual net income is computed without the benefit of any carryover loss), or (ii) satisfies alternative criteria under SBA regulations that focus on the industry in which the business is engaged and the number of persons employed by the business or its gross revenues. In addition, at the end of each year, at least 20% of the total amount of loans made after April 25, 1994 must be made in “smaller businesses” which have a net worth of $6.0 million or less and average net income after federal income taxes for the preceding two years of $2.0 million or less. SBA Regulations also prohibit an SBIC from providing funds to a small business concern for certain purposes, such as relending and reinvestment.

MFC is authorized to make loans to borrowers other than disadvantaged businesses (that is, businesses that are at least 50% owned, and controlled and managed, on a day to day basis, by a person or persons whose participation in the free enterprise system is hampered because of social or economic disadvantage) if, at the time of the loan, MFC has in its portfolio, outstanding loans to disadvantaged businesses with an aggregate cost basis equal to or exceeding the value of the unamortized repurchase discount under the preferred stock repurchase agreement between MFC and the SBA, which is currently zero.

Under current SBA Regulations, the maximum rate of interest that MFC may charge may not exceed the higher of (i) 19% or (ii) the sum of (a) the higher of (i) that company’s weighted average cost of qualified borrowings, as determined under SBA Regulations, or (ii) the current SBA debenture rate, plus (b) 11%, rounded to the next lower eighth of one percent. At December 31, 2004, the maximum rate of interest permitted on loans originated by the RIC Subsidiaries was 19%. At December 31, 2004, our outstanding medallion loans had a weighted average rate of interest 6.01% and our outstanding commercial loans had a weighted average rate of interest of 10.13%. Current SBA Regulations also require that each loan originated by an SBIC have a term of between one and 20 years; loans to disadvantaged businesses also may be for a minimum term of one year.

The SBA restricts the ability of SBICs to repurchase their capital stock, to retire their SBA debentures, and to lend money to their officers, directors, and employees or invest in affiliates thereof. The SBA also prohibits, without prior SBA approval, a “change of control” or transfers which would result in any person (or group of persons acting in concert) owning 10% or more of any class of capital stock of an SBIC. A “change of control” is any event which would result in the transfer of the power, direct or indirect, to direct the management and policies of an SBIC, whether through ownership, contractual arrangements or otherwise.

Under SBA Regulations, without prior SBA approval, loans by licensees with outstanding SBA leverage to any single small business concern may not exceed 20% of an SBICs regulatory capital, as defined, however, under the terms of the respective conversion agreements with the SBA, MFC is authorized to make loans to disadvantaged borrowers in amounts not exceeding 30% of its respective regulatory capital.

SBICs must invest idle funds that are not being used to make loans in investments permitted under SBA Regulations. These permitted investments include direct obligations of, or obligations guaranteed as to principal and interest by, the government of the US with a term of 15 months or less and deposits maturing in one year or less issued by an institution insured by the FDIC. These permitted investments must be maintained in (i) direct obligations of, or obligations guaranteed as to principal and interest by, the US, which mature within 15 months from the date of the investment; (ii) repurchase agreements with federally insured institutions with a maturity of seven days or less if the securities underlying the repurchase agreements are direct obligations of, or obligations guaranteed as to principal and interest by, the US, and such securities must be maintained in a custodial account in a federally insured institution; (iii) certificates of deposit with a maturity of one year or less, issued by a federally insured institution; (iv) a deposit account in a federally insured institution, subject to withdrawal restriction of one year or less; (v) a checking account in a federally insured institution; or (vi) a reasonable petty cash fund.

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SBICs may purchase voting securities of small business concerns in accordance with SBA Regulations. Although prior regulations prohibited an SBIC from controlling a small business concern except in limited circumstances, new regulations adopted by SBA on October 22, 2002 (pursuant to Public Law 106-554) now allow an SBIC to exercise control over a small business for a period of seven years from the date on which the SBIC initially acquires its control position. This control period may be extended for an additional period of time with SBA’s prior written approval.

OUR SUBSIDIARY’S OPERATION AS AN INDUSTRIAL BANK

In May 2002, the Company formed MB, which received approval from the FDIC for federal deposit insurance in October 2003. MB, a Utah-chartered industrial bank, is a depository institution subject to regulatory oversight and examination by both the FDIC and the Utah Department of Financial Institutions. Under its banking charter, MB is empowered to make consumer and commercial loans, and may accept all FDIC-insured deposits other than demand deposits (checking accounts). The creation of MB is expected to allow the Company to apply stable and low-cost bank deposit funding for key lending business activities throughout the Company, which initially included taxicab medallion and asset-based lending, and now includes consumer loans.

MB is subject to certain federal laws that restrict and control its ability to extend credit and provide or receive services between affiliates. See Note 19 to the consolidated financial statements. In addition, the FDIC has regulatory authority to prohibit MB from engaging in any unsafe or unsound practice in conducting its business. The effects of, and changes in, the level of regulatory scrutiny, regulatory requirements and initiatives, including certain mandatory and possibly discretionary actions by federal and State of Utah regulators, restrictions and limitations imposed by banking laws, examinations, audits, and possible agreements between MB and it regulators may affect the operations of MB.

MB is further subject to capital adequacy guidelines issued by the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (the FFIEC). These guidelines make regulatory capital requirements more sensitive to differences in risk profiles among banking organizations and consider off-balance sheet exposures in determining capital adequacy. Under the rules and regulations of the FFIEC, at least half of a bank’s total capital is required to be Tier I capital, comprised of common equity, retained earnings and a limited amount of non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock. The remaining capital, Tier II capital, may consist of other preferred stock, certain hybrid debt/equity instruments, a limited amount of term-subordinated debt, or a limited amount of the reserve for possible credit losses. The FFIEC has also adopted minimum leverage ratios for banks, which are calculated by dividing Tier I capital by total average assets. Recognizing that the risk-based capital standards address only credit risk, and not interest rate, liquidity, operational, or other risks, many banks are expected to maintain capital in excess of the minimum standards.

In addition, pursuant to provisions of the FDIC Improvement Act of 1991 (FDICIA) and related regulations with respect to prompt corrective action, FDIC-insured institutions such as MB may only accept brokered deposits without FDIC permission if they meet specified capital standards, and are subject to restrictions with respect to the interest they may pay on deposits unless they are well-capitalized. To be well-capitalized under the prompt corrective action provisions, a bank must have a ratio of combined Tier I and Tier II capital to risk-weighted assets of not less than 10%, Tier I capital to risk-weighted assets of not less than 6%, and a Tier I to average assets of not less than 5%.

The FDIC, the Company, and MB have agreed that the capital levels of MB will at all times meet or exceed the levels required for MB to be considered well capitalized under the FDIC rules and regulations, that MB’s Tier 1 capital to total assets ratio will be maintained at not less than 15%, and that MB will maintain an adequate allowance for loan and lease losses. See Note 19 to the consolidated financial statements.

Transfers of Funds

Sections 23A and 23B of the Federal Reserve Act and applicable regulations also impose restrictions on MB. These restrictions limit the transfer of funds by a depository institution to certain of its affiliates, including the Company, in the form of loans, extensions of credit, investments, or purchases of assets. Sections 23A and 23B also require generally that the depository institution’s transactions with its affiliates be on terms no less favorable to MB than comparable transactions with unrelated third parties. See Note 19 to the consolidated financial statements.

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Legislative and Regulatory Developments

The banking and finance businesses in general are the subject of extensive regulation at the state and federal levels, and numerous legislative and regulatory proposals are advanced each year which, if adopted, could affect our profitability or the manner in which we conduct our activities. It is impossible to determine the extent of the impact of any new laws, regulations or initiatives, or whether any of the federal or state proposals will become law.

The USA Patriot Act and the International Money Laundering Abatement and Anti-Terrorist Financing Act of 2001 (the USA Patriot Act) was enacted on October 26, 2001, and is intended to detect and prosecute terrorism and international money laundering. The USA Patriot Act establishes new standards for verifying customer identification incidental to the opening of new accounts. MB has undertaken appropriate measures to comply with the USA Patriot Act and associated regulations. Other provisions of the USA Patriot Act provide for special information sharing procedures governing communications with the government and other financial institutions with respect to suspected terrorists and money laundering activity, and enhancements to suspicious activity reporting, including electronic filing of suspicious activity reports over a secure filing network.

COMPETITION

Banks, credit unions, and finance companies, some of which are SBICs, compete with the Company in originating medallion, commercial, and consumer loans. In addition, finance subsidiaries of equipment manufacturers also compete with the Company in originating commercial loans. Many of these competitors have greater resources than the Company and certain competitors are subject to less restrictive regulations than the Company. As a result, there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to identify and complete the financing transactions that will permit it to compete successfully.

EMPLOYEES

As of December 31, 2004, the Company employed 102 persons. The Company believes that relations with all of its employees are good.

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

The Company leases approximately 17,000 square feet of office space in New York City for its corporate headquarters under a lease expiring in June 2006, and leases a facility in Long Island City, New York, of approximately 6,000 square feet for certain corporate back-office operations. The Company also leases office space for loan origination offices and subsidiaries operations in Boston, MA, Chicago, IL, Hartford, CT, Minneapolis, MN, and West Palm Beach, FL. MB leases space in Salt Lake City, UT. The Company does not own any real property. The Company believes that its leased properties, taken as a whole, are in good operating condition and are suitable for the Company’s current business operations.

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

The Company and its subsidiaries are currently involved in various legal proceedings incident to the ordinary course of its business, including collection matters with respect to certain loans. The Company intends to vigorously defend any outstanding claims and pursue its legal rights. In the opinion of the Company’s management and based upon the advice of legal counsel, there is no proceeding pending, or to the knowledge of management threatened, which in the event of an adverse decision would result in a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations or financial condition.

ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders during the 2004 fourth quarter.

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PART II

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT’S COMMON STOCK, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS, AND ISSUER PURCHASE OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Our common stock is quoted on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol “TAXI.” Our common stock commenced trading on May 23, 1996. As of April 5, 2005, there were approximately 117 holders of record of the Company’s common stock.

On April 5, 2005, the last reported sale price of our common stock was $9.43 per share. Historically, our common stock has traded at a premium to net asset value per share, and although there can be no assurance, the Company anticipates that its stock will again trade at a premium in the future.

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the range of high and low closing prices for the Company’s common stock on the Nasdaq National Market.

As a non-RIC in 2002 and 2003, dividend distributions were at the Board of Director’s discretion. Prior to 2002, as required, we met all qualification requirements under IRC Section 851 and distributed at least 90% of our investment company taxable income to our stockholders, and if we requalify as a RIC in 2004 and subsequent years, we intend to distribute at least 90% of our investment company taxable income to our shareholders as well. Distributions of our income were generally required to be made within the calendar year the income was earned as a RIC; however, in certain circumstances distributions can be made up to a full calendar year after the income has been earned. Investment company taxable income includes, among other things, interest, dividends, and capital gains reduced by deductible expenses. Our ability to make dividend payments as a RIC is restricted by certain asset coverage requirements under the 1940 Act and has been dependent upon maintenance of our status as a RIC under the Code in the past, by SBA regulations, and under the terms of the SBA debentures. There can be no assurances, however, that we will have sufficient earnings to pay such dividends in the future.

We have adopted a dividend reinvestment plan pursuant to which stockholders may elect to have distributions reinvested in additional shares of common stock. When we declare a dividend or distribution, all participants will have credited to their plan accounts the number of full and fractional shares (computed to three decimal places) that could be obtained with the cash, net of any applicable withholding taxes that would have been paid to them if they were not participants. The number of full and fractional shares is computed at the weighted average price of all shares of common stock purchased for plan participants within the 30 days after the dividend or distribution is declared plus brokerage commissions. The automatic reinvestment of dividends and capital gains distributions will not release plan participants of any incoming tax that may be payable on the dividend or capital gains distribution. Stockholders may terminate their participation in the dividend reinvestment plan by providing written notice to the Plan Agent at least 10 days before any given dividend payment date. Upon termination, we will issue to a stockholder both a certificate for the number of full shares of common stock owned and a check for any fractional shares, valued at the then current market price, less any applicable brokerage commissions and any other costs of sale. There are no additional fees or expenses for participation in the dividend reinvestment plan. Stockholders may obtain additional information about the dividend reinvestment plan by contacting the Plan Agent at 59 Maiden Lane, New York, NY, 10038.

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ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES ⁽¹⁾

ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

Summary Consolidated Financial Data

You should read the consolidated financial information below with the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003, 2002, 2001, and 2000.

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The information contained in this section should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003, and 2002. In addition, this section contains forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to the inherent uncertainties in predicting future results and conditions. Certain factors that could cause actual results and conditions to differ materially from those projected in these forward-looking statements are described in the Investment Considerations section on page 37.

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CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The SEC has recently issued cautionary advice regarding disclosure about critical accounting policies. The SEC defines critical accounting policies as those that are both most important to the portrayal of a company’s financial condition and results, and that require management’s most difficult, subjective, or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about matters that are inherently uncertain and may change materially in subsequent periods. The preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements requires estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported and disclosed in the financial statements and related notes. Significant estimates made by the Company include valuation of loans, evaluation of the recoverability of accounts receivable and income tax assets, and the assessment of litigation and other contingencies. The matters that give rise to such provisions are inherently uncertain and may require complex and subjective judgments. Although the Company believes that estimates and assumptions used in determining the recorded amounts of net assets and liabilities at December 31, 2004, are reasonable, actual results could differ materially from the estimated amounts recorded in the Company’s financial statements.

GENERAL

The Company is a specialty finance company that has a leading position in originating and servicing loans that finance taxicab medallions and various types of commercial businesses. Since 1996, the year in which the Company became a public company, it has increased its medallion loan portfolio at a compound annual growth rate of 14%, and its commercial loan portfolio at a compound annual growth rate of 16%. Total assets under our management, which includes assets serviced for third party investors, were approximately $833,075,000 at December 31, 2004, and have grown at a compound annual growth rate of 18% from $215,000,000 at the end of 1996.

The Company’s loan-related earnings depend primarily on its level of net interest income. Net interest income is the difference between the total yield on the Company’s loan portfolio and the average cost of borrowed funds. The Company funds its operations through a wide variety of interest-bearing sources, such as revolving bank facilities, bank certificates of deposit issued to customers, debentures issued to and guaranteed by the SBA, and bank term debt. Net interest income fluctuates with changes in the yield on the Company’s loan portfolio and changes in the cost of borrowed funds, as well as changes in the amount of interest-bearing assets and interest-bearing liabilities held by the Company. Net interest income is also affected by economic, regulatory, and competitive factors that influence interest rates, loan demand, and the availability of funding to finance the Company’s lending activities. The Company, like other financial institutions, is subject to interest rate risk to the degree that its interest-earning assets reprice on a different basis than its interest-bearing liabilities.

The Company also invests in small businesses in selected industries through its subsidiary MCI. MCI’s investments are typically in the form of secured debt instruments with fixed interest rates accompanied by warrants to purchase an equity interest for a nominal exercise price (such warrants are included in equity investments on the consolidated balance sheets). Interest income is earned on the debt investments.

Realized gains or losses on investments are recognized when the investments are sold or written off. The realized gains or losses represent the difference between the proceeds received from the disposition of portfolio assets, if any, and the cost of such portfolio assets. In addition, changes in unrealized appreciation or depreciation of investments are recorded and represent the net change in the estimated fair values of the portfolio assets at the end of the period as compared with their estimated fair values at the beginning of the period. Generally, realized gains (losses) on investments and changes in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on investments are inversely related. When an appreciated asset is sold to realize a gain, a decrease in the previously recorded unrealized appreciation occurs. Conversely, when a loss previously recorded as unrealized depreciation is realized by the sale or other disposition of a depreciated portfolio asset, the reclassification of the loss from unrealized to realized causes a decrease in net unrealized depreciation and an increase in realized loss.

The Company’s investment in MTM, as wholly owned portfolio investments, was also subject to quarterly assessments of fair value. The Company used MTM’s actual results of operations as the best estimate of changes in fair value, and recorded the results as a component of unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on investments.

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Trends in Investment Portfolio

The Company’s investment income is driven by the principal amount of and yields on its investment portfolio. To identify trends in the yields, the portfolio is grouped by medallion loans, commercial loans, consumer loans, equity investments, and investment securities. The following table illustrates the Company’s investments at fair value and the portfolio yields at the dates indicated.